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XLSX: legacy formulas (no dynamic-array cm) open with Excel's implicit @ and calculate like Excel - #417
Follow-up to #64 / #267. #267 writes @ as _xlfn.SINGLE in a dynamic-array formula, and its test notes that dropping the @ instead "would need the reader to put it back on legacy formulas". This PR adds that reader side. The write side of #64 is already on main, so this PR does not close it.
What changed
Read. A cell formula saved without dynamic-array metadata (no cm attribute) and not entered as a Ctrl+Shift+Enter array is a legacy formula. Excel evaluates it with implicit intersection, and dynamic-array Excel shows it with @ inserted at those places. GridCraft now does the same. After names and tables are read, array_formula::apply_legacy inserts @ wherever a reference that may cover several cells meets a single-value parameter, an operator, or the cell result. Examples: TANH(A1:A3) → TANH(@A1:A3), MYUDF(A1:A3) → @MYUDF(A1:A3). SUM(A1:A3) and SUMPRODUCT(A1:A3*B1:B3) are left alone. The calc engine then gives the legacy result with no second evaluator. Dynamic-array formulas (cm) and CSE arrays are read as written.
Write.array_formula::export replaces needs_array and has three outcomes:
unchanged;
dynamic (cm + single-cell array ref, as before);
legacy: every @ in the formula is one legacy Excel would imply, or one of a single value. The implied ones are left out (the reader puts them back), and any other @ of a single value is written as _xlfn.SINGLE inside the legacy formula, as Excel Online and EPPlus write it. The formula gets no cm.
So a legacy formula read from a file saves back as a legacy formula, without cm, and with its text except for the known exceptions listed below. This holds also after an edit leaves an implied @ on one cell: deleting rows 2:3 under the legacy SQRT(A1:A3) (read as SQRT(@A1:A3)) gives SQRT(@A1:A1), saved as SQRT(A1:A1), and so is SQRT(@Rng) after Rng is redefined to a one-cell range (=Sheet1!$A$1:$A$1). Redefined to a single cell (=Sheet1!$A$1), it is saved as SQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE(Rng)), still without cm: an @ of one cell is one of a single value, which Excel keeps as _xlfn.SINGLE. The legacy _xlfn.SINGLE(5), _xlfn.SINGLE(SUM(F25:F26)), (F25, _xlfn.SINGLE(F26)) and _xlfn.SINGLE(RelativeRow) (from Excel Online's UnionSpillIntersectionOperatorTest.xlsx and EPPlus's DefinedNameRelative.xlsx) also save back with their _xlfn.SINGLE and without cm. The writer analyses the formula with its own @ in place. An @ is left out when the analysis implies it at that position, including the whole-formula @ over a multi-valued result: a typed =@MUNIT(3) is saved as the legacy _xlfn.MUNIT(3), which reads back as @MUNIT(3) and does not spill. An @ of a single value stays: a typed SQRT(@A1) is saved as SQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE(A1)) and @SUM(A1:A3) as _xlfn.SINGLE(SUM(A1:A3)), both without cm. Any other @, or an @ the analysis inserts elsewhere, makes the formula dynamic, still written as _xlfn.SINGLE (@(A1:A3*2), SUMPRODUCT(@SQRT(A1:A3)), SUMPRODUCT(@ROW(A1:A3))). The reader shows the implicit intersection of a union that is an operator's operand as Excel does, without @ ((F25,F26)%; the operator gives #VALUE! either way). A union given to a function's single-value parameter still gets its @, as GridCraft's functions would otherwise spill it (SQRT((A1:A2,C1:C2)) reads as SQRT((@(A1:A2,C1:C2))), #VALUE!). A spill reference's @ is shown without parentheses (@F5#%).
Known exceptions, where a legacy formula read from a file does not save back exactly as read (checked with gridcraft-cli convert on this branch and on main 84acf62; main saves every one of these with cm too, so none is new):
A legacy _xlfn.SINGLE around a range in parentheses (_xlfn.SINGLE((A1:A3)), _xlfn.SINGLE((A1:A3))+1, SQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE((A1:A3))), _xlfn.SINGLE(((A1:A3)))) keeps its text but gains cm.
SUM(_xlfn._xlws.FILTER(A1:A3,B1:B3>4)) keeps its text but gains cm (FILTER's array arguments are semantics the analysis does not know).
A legacy _xlfn.SINGLE that legacy evaluation implies anyway, over a range or a name for one, is dropped: _xlfn.SINGLE(A1:A3) -> A1:A3, SQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE(A1:A3)) -> SQRT(A1:A3), _xlfn.SINGLE(A1:A3)*2 -> A1:A3*2, SQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE(M)) -> SQRT(M) (M = Sheet1!$A$1:$A$3), SQRT(NC)+_xlfn.SINGLE(NC)*2 -> SQRT(NC)+NC*2. These read back as the same formula (=SQRT(@A1:A3) and so on), but the file's text changes.
A legacy _xlfn.SINGLE whose operand is, or returns, a one-cell range written as a range is dropped wherever legacy Excel intersects anyway, i.e. wherever an @ would be implied: a single-value parameter (SQRT), an operator's operand, IF's condition, VLOOKUP's key, INDEX's row or column, IF and IFERROR inside SUMPRODUCT, the whole formula, and the inner @ of _xlfn.SINGLE(_xlfn.SINGLE(X)). The operand can be the range itself (A1:A1) or any name whose result is such a range. That includes a name for it directly (RONE = Sheet1!$A$1:$A$1), through another name, in parentheses, as CHOOSE's choice or IF's result, OFFSET(Sheet1!$A$1:$A$1,0,0), INDIRECT("Sheet1!A1:A1") text, or a LET. Examples (convert on 950534e): SQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE(A1:A1)) -> SQRT(A1:A1), _xlfn.SINGLE(RONE) -> RONE, VLOOKUP(_xlfn.SINGLE(NH),Sheet1!$A$1:$B$3,2,0) -> VLOOKUP(NH,…), SUMPRODUCT(IF(_xlfn.SINGLE(NOFF)>0,1,0)) -> SUMPRODUCT(IF(NOFF>0,1,0)), SQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE(NIND)) -> SQRT(NIND), _xlfn.SINGLE(_xlfn.SINGLE(NH)) -> _xlfn.SINGLE(NH), with NH = CHOOSE(1,Sheet1!$A$1:$A$1,Sheet1!$B$1:$B$1). These read back without the @, so FORMULATEXT changes. The value does not, because the range is one cell: on the round-6 reviewer's 151-formula probe, every reopened value equals the value before saving. The writer cannot tell such a formula from one an edit shrank (deleting rows 2:3 under SQRT(A1:A3) leaves SQRT(@A1:A1)), and saving that one as the legacy SQRT(A1:A1) keeps it readable by pre-dynamic-array Excel. A one-cell reference (A1, SONE = Sheet1!$A$1) keeps its _xlfn.SINGLE.
Formulas nested 253 or more functions deep (Excel allows 64) whose reading does not fit the parser keep their text but may spill and gain cm (see Limits).
Not an exception, but different from main: an @ of a one-cell range written as a range, or of a name for one, in a reference or array position keeps its text and saves as legacy without cm. Examples are SUMPRODUCT(_xlfn.SINGLE(RONE)), SUM(_xlfn.SINGLE(RONE)), COUNTIF(_xlfn.SINGLE(RONE),1), ROW(_xlfn.SINGLE(RONE)), SUM(MMULT(_xlfn.SINGLE(RONE),{1,2})) and TRANSPOSE(_xlfn.SINGLE(RONE)). Main 84acf62 writes these with cm. Before round 5 (09795b3), this branch also wrote them with cm for RONE, but not for NH or NOFF.
The legacy outcome is chosen only when the printed formula parses back to the same expression, so a dropped @ never takes parentheses the text needs with it. @ of a bare union has no legacy text, so its formula stays dynamic (SQRT(@(A1:A2,C1:C2)) is written as SQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE((A1:A2,C1:C2))) with cm, and reads back unchanged). A union already inside the file's parentheses is not given a second pair: the legacy SQRT((A1:A2,C1:C2)), read as SQRT((@(A1:A2,C1:C2))), saves back as SQRT((A1:A2,C1:C2)). A whole-formula array result already in the file's parentheses keeps them: ({1,2}+1) reads as @(({1,2}+1)) and saves as ({1,2}+1), while {1,2}+1 reads as @({1,2}+1) and saves as {1,2}+1.
Limits. The analysis bounds nesting at 256 levels and the number of nodes at 16384. 256 is the formula parser's own limit, and functions, parentheses and prefix operators count one level each in both. So every formula that parses is analysed in full unless names or postfix %/# take it deeper. That covers 64 nested functions with parenthesised arguments (ABS((×64, 128 levels) and 200 nested functions. A name's kind is analysed once per formula and remembered, so a long name used several times costs one analysis (a 399-term name used six times used to exhaust the old 4096-node budget). Operator chains do not count towards the nesting: Legacy::binary walks a left-nested chain such as B1+B2+…+B70 iteratively, so its ranges are still intersected (A1:A3+B1+…+B70 → @A1:A3+B1+…+B70). A legacy formula the analysis cannot finish (names too large to analyse), or whose legacy argument semantics it does not know (the array arguments of dynamic-array functions such as SORT or TAKE, LAMBDA), is read as it is, with only a whole-formula @ when its result may be several values. So it shows one value and never spills, and the writer saves it as it was read, without cm or _xlfn.SINGLE. This is checked on a calculated workbook (deep_and_unfinished_legacy_formulas_calculate_and_save_as_read). One exception remains: when the reading's added @ would take the formula past the parser's 256 levels (only possible far beyond Excel's 64 nested functions, e.g. ABS(×254 -A1:A3), the formula is left exactly as read. GridCraft then calculates it as a dynamic-array formula, so it may spill and be saved with cm, but its text is saved as read with no @ (one_cell_ranges_and_formulas_at_the_nesting_limit_save_as_read).
IF, IFERROR and IFNA inside array functions. IF's condition and IFERROR's and IFNA's arguments are single values even inside SUMPRODUCT and the other array-evaluating parameters (Param::Single): legacy Excel evaluates them as arrays there only in a Ctrl+Shift+Enter formula (Exceljet, SUMPRODUCT with IF; Stack Overflow 59228707: =SUMPRODUCT(IFERROR(VALUE(C19:C21),0)) needs CSE). SUMPRODUCT(IF(A1:A3>1,1,0)) reads as SUMPRODUCT(IF(@A1:A3>1,1,0)) and SUMPRODUCT(IFERROR(A1:A3/A1:A3,0)) as SUMPRODUCT(IFERROR(@A1:A3/@A1:A3,0)); a typed SUMPRODUCT(IFERROR(VALUE(A1:A3),0)), which dynamic-array Excel evaluates as an array, is saved with cm. IF's results and CHOOSE are unchanged: in Stack Overflow 29682328, a non-CSE =SUMPRODUCT(--(B4=IF(NOT($C$4:$C$11),$B$4:$B$11))) in row 4 counts both matching rows of B4:B11 (the result is not intersected) and gives #VALUE! outside rows 4:11 (the condition is). A name's definition (and INDIRECT's text) is still analysed as an array throughout, only for its kind, and inserts no @ into the formula (Legacy::kind_of): with Flag = IF(Data!$A$1:$A$3>1,1,0), SUM(Flag) is unchanged and SQRT(Flag) reads as @SQRT(Flag); both save back as read without cm.
Formula parser._xlfn.SINGLE(A1:A3*2) reads as @(A1:A3*2) (parenthesised), not as @A1:A3*2. fmla.rs writes @(x) back as _xlfn.SINGLE(x) only for the operands the reader re-parenthesises (a binary operation other than a union, and -, + or %); any other parentheses are kept, so @(A1:A2,C1:C2) is written as _xlfn.SINGLE((A1:A2,C1:C2)) (the union stays one argument), and @((A1:A3*2)) and @(A1:A3) read back as entered.
Layering. The classification needs to know which names are built-in functions and which parameters take a single value, and that knowledge lives in gridcraft-functions. Format crates may not depend on that crate, so gridcraft-xlsx gains FunctionInfo (two fn pointers) supplied by the caller:
read_xlsx_with(bytes, functions) and write_xlsx_with(wb, kind, functions) are new.
read_xlsx / write_xlsx / write_xlsx_as keep their signatures and use FunctionInfo::default(), which relies on the crate's own table of reference- and array-taking parameters.
gridcraft-engine (io.rs, XLSX_FUNCTIONS) passes the function library's answers for open and save.
No new crate dependency.
Tests
calc::tests::implicit_intersection_operator: @ on column/row ranges in and out of line, a 2-D range (#VALUE!), an array constant, @ on an array result, and the same formula without @ spilling.
formula::tests::single_is_the_implicit_intersection_operator: _xlfn.SINGLE round trips, including the parenthesised forms.
xlsxfixtures::legacy_formulas_read_with_implicit_intersection: legacy, cm and CSE formulas from hand-written sheet XML.
xlsxfixtures::legacy_formulas_use_the_callers_function_facts: an add-in function and a library-declared array parameter through read_xlsx_with / write_xlsx_with.
xlsxroundtrip::implicit_intersection_is_written_as_legacy_or_single (renamed from implicit_intersection_is_written_as_single) and roundtrip::legacy_and_dynamic_formulas_keep_their_kind.
xlsxarray_export::implicit_intersection_metadata_respects_function_argument_context: updated expectations. SQRT(@A1:A3), @A1:A3*2, SQRT(@A1), SQRT(@A1:A1) and @SUM(A1:A3) are written as legacy formulas (the last two keep their @ as _xlfn.SINGLE); @(A1:A3*2), SUMPRODUCT(@ROW(A1:A3)), SUMPRODUCT(@SQRT(A1:A3)), SUMPRODUCT(IFERROR(VALUE(A1:A3),0)) and SUMPRODUCT(IFNA(A1:A3,0)) as dynamic ones.
xlsxroundtrip::long_and_deeply_nested_legacy_formulas_never_gain_single: a 70-term + chain is read unchanged. These get @A1:A3: the same chain after A1:A3, 64 nested ABS(…) around A1:A3, 64 nested ABS((…)) (128 levels), 200 nested ABS(…), and Big+Big+Big+Big+Big+Big+A1:A3 (with a 399-term Big). A sum of 30 names too large to analyse is read as @(Part_1+…+Part_30). All eight are saved as read, without _xlfn.SINGLE or t="array". This test writes an uncalculated workbook; the engine test below checks the deep and unfinished cases after calculation.
xlsxroundtrip::implicit_intersection_keeps_its_parentheses: @(A1:A2,C1:C2)+1, SQRT(@(A1:A2,C1:C2)), @(A1:A2,C1:C2)+A1:A3, @((A1:A2,C1:C2)), SQRT(@((A1:A2,C1:C2))), @(((A1:A2,C1:C2))), @((A1:A3*2)), @(A1:A3), @(A1:A3*2) and @(-A1:A3) save and read back unchanged.
xlsxfixtures::legacy_if_and_iferror_arguments_are_intersected_inside_array_functions: SUMPRODUCT(IF(A1:A3>1,1,0)), SUMPRODUCT(IF(A1>1,A1:A3,0)), SUMPRODUCT(IFERROR(A1:A3/A1:A3,0)) and SUMPRODUCT(IFNA(A1:A3,0),A1:A3).
xlsxroundtrip::legacy_unions_in_parentheses_and_names_with_if_save_as_read: the legacy file formulas SQRT((A1:A2,C1:C2)), (A1:A2,C1:C2)+1, SUM(Flag), SQRT(Flag) (with Flag = IF(Data!$A$1:$A$3>1,1,0)), ({1,2}+1), {1,2}+1 and (((MYUDF(A1)*2))) save back unchanged, without cm or _xlfn.SINGLE. This test writes an uncalculated workbook. The engine test below checks the union, name and parenthesised cases on a calculated workbook.
enginelegacy_array_functions::legacy_unions_names_and_parentheses_calculate_and_save_as_read: the legacy SQRT((A1:A2,B1:B2)), ABS(((A1:A2,B1:B2))), (A1:A2,B1:B2)+1, SQRT(Flag), ({1,2}+1) and {1,2}+1 are opened and calculated. None spills (#VALUE!, #VALUE!, #VALUE!, 0, 2, 2), and saving writes each as a plain <f> exactly as read.
xlsxroundtrip::implied_intersection_made_redundant_by_an_edit_saves_legacy: the legacy SQRT(A1:A3) edited to SQRT(@A1:A1), and SQRT(Rng) with Rng redefined to one cell, save as SQRT(A1:A1) and SQRT(Rng) without cm or _xlfn.SINGLE.
xlsxroundtrip::single_in_a_legacy_formula_saves_as_read: the legacy _xlfn.SINGLE(SUM(_xlfn.ANCHORARRAY(F5))), _xlfn.ANCHORARRAY(F5)%, _xlfn.ANCHORARRAY($F$5), (F25,F26)%, SUM((F25,F26)%), _xlfn.SINGLE(5), _xlfn.SINGLE(RelativeRow), _xlfn.SINGLE(H12), _xlfn.SINGLE(SUM(F25:F26)) and (F25, _xlfn.SINGLE(F26)) read as Excel shows them (@SUM(F5#), @F5#%, (F25,F26)%, (F25,@F26), …) and save back as read, without cm. A typed @SQRT(A1) saves as _xlfn.SINGLE(SQRT(A1)) and @MUNIT(3) as _xlfn.MUNIT(3); all of them read back the same.
enginetests/legacy_array_functions.rs (calculated workbooks, through file.open / file.saveBytes):
legacy_formulas_with_array_functions_show_one_value: every library function that returns several values is found by calling all of gridcraft_functions::all() with sample arguments (MUNIT, MODE.MULT, TEXTSPLIT, REGEXEXTRACT mode 1, MMULT and SEQUENCE must be among them). That list, plus TRIMRANGE, OFFSET, INDIRECT, INDEX and FILTERXML, is checked: a legacy cell formula calling each shows one value and does not spill.
typed_at_of_array_functions_saves_one_value: =@F(…) for each of them shows the same single value after saving and reopening (a volatile function shows one number again).
deep_and_unfinished_legacy_formulas_calculate_and_save_as_read: 200 nested ABS(…), 64 nested ABS((…)) and 30 names too large to analyse. None spills (the first two give #VALUE! as legacy Excel does), and all three save as plain <f> read from the file, without cm, t="array" or _xlfn.SINGLE.
Run against 8f9d588's array_formula.rs (tests kept, executed), these fail: single_in_a_legacy_formula_saves_as_read, long_and_deeply_nested_legacy_formulas_never_gain_single and all three engine tests. The engine failures list MUNIT, MODE.MULT, TEXTSPLIT, REGEXEXTRACT, TRIMRANGE, SORT, UNIQUE, VSTACK, HSTACK, TOROW, TOCOL, TAKE, DROP, CHOOSEROWS, CHOOSECOLS and EXPAND spilling.
Commands run for f21939a and again for cbe7abc, with CARGO_TARGET_DIR set to a private target dir:
Earlier commits also passed cargo xtask ci after the rebase on main (84acf62). This round it was not re-run here; the integrator runs it.
Calculation and round trip against Excel's cached values, with the gridcraft-cli check oracle (#416, not part of this PR), on the 4,224-workbook test corpus. The command was python run.py <release gridcraft-cli> <out-dir> in the corpus checkout, comparing results-main-84acf62 with this branch's results-417-f21939a:
The biggest gains: an Enron workbook (HS_WESTminusPA.xlsx, 18,097 → 88), POI/NPOI FormulaEvalTestData_Copy.xlsx (197 → 3 each), LibreOffice's DynamicArrayFixture.xlsx (189 → 47) and UnionSpillIntersectionOperatorTest.xlsx (113 → 62), and StructuredReferences.xlsx (2 → 0). UnionSpillIntersectionOperatorTest.xlsx and DefinedNameRelative.xlsx have 0 formula round-trip differences, as on main (8f9d588 had 5 and 4). Six large files timed out at 60 s in the full run while the machine was heavily loaded (load average about 100). They were re-run alone with GC_TIMEOUT=600 and are included above. Timed back to back on DYNEGY-ICE VOL Jun5.xlsx, main's CLI took 33.1 s and 49.3 s and this branch's took 23.6 s and 42.6 s, so the timeouts come from the load, not from this branch.
The earlier 20 + 20-workbook comparison and the 11 fleet reports are not available to re-measure this round, so their numbers are removed.
Docs
docs/function-parity.md: header Change: line, the "Implicit intersection @, legacy CSE array formulas" row, and a history row (68,964 → 49,866 differing cells on the corpus above). No function counts change.
Open PR #464 (formulas into linked workbooks) conflicts with this branch in crates/xlsx/src/array_formula.rs and docs/file-format-parity.md: it adds a linked-range case to the old Scan, which this branch replaces. Merge this PR first; #464 is then rebased onto it, taking this branch's array_formula.rs, whose analysis treats a linked range like a local one. @xmaks82 tested that resolution: linked legacy formulas still save as legacy, the xlsx, formula, calc, model and engine tests pass, and over 253 workbooks the mismatches go from 2,860 on main to 360 with both PRs.
Not done
The 3 remaining FormulaEvalTestData_Copy.xlsx mismatches are not investigated here.
Defined names and data-validation/conditional-format formulas are not rewritten. Only XLSX cell formulas are classified. Formulas from the new .xls (BIFF8) import (XLSX/IO: read legacy .xls (BIFF8) workbooks (#121) #332) are all legacy, but they do not go through this classification yet.
Checked in Excel
Excel 365, checked by @KNUFFIXX (comment) on the writer side of Legacy formulas without cm spill instead of implicitly intersecting #410. The fixture has 20 × 20 legacy formulas =IFERROR(Gesamtkosten/Gesamt_EH*$G2*Tage/365,0) over whole-column names, as plain <f> without cm. After a round trip through 0.6.1, every cell is saved as a one-cell array formula with a cached #VALUE!; Excel 365 then grows to 19 GB in 7 s, the 5 × 5 version crashes it, and a real 0.4 MB workbook with the same pattern ran for 17 minutes. With this branch, the round trip keeps plain <f>…</f>, H2 caches 4.109589041095891 (the implicit-intersection value), and Excel 365 opens both fixtures in 0.4–0.6 s. Rechecked with this round's CLI (gridcraft-cli convert on both fixtures): every formula is still a plain <f>…</f>, with no cm, t="array" or _xlfn.SINGLE, and H2 caches 4.109589041095891.
Excel 2016 (16.0 build 16327, Windows 11), checked by @xmaks82 (comment) on the same fixtures, each opened read-only in its own Excel process and then CalculateFull. Saved by this branch (8f9d588), both open in 0.07–0.37 s at 134–140 MB, with H2 = 4.109589 and no array or error cells, as the originals. Saved by main (0.7.0), the 20 × 20 fixture takes 15.5 s and 8.9 GB to open (peak 20.5 GB) with H2 #VALUE! and 1,219 array cells, and the 5 × 5 fixture shows H2 = 0 with no error. Pre-dynamic-array Excel reads this branch's output as ordinary legacy formulas; nothing shows as {=…}.
Rechecked by @KNUFFIXX after the merge of main, at 88abbf8 (comment): the same results as on 950534e, in gridcraft-cli and in Excel 365. gc_sumproduct_if_da.xlsx keeps cm on 2 of 2 cells (main f1894c6: 1 of 2) and shows A3 = 210, A5 = 300, A7 = 7. gc_legacy_to_array_small.xlsx saves 0 array formulas (main: 25) and opens normally with H2 = 4.109589. Legacy formulas without cm spill instead of implicitly intersecting #410 row 9 is 450, 1800, 901, 5500, 900 (main: 450, 200, 101, 5500, #SPILL!). Their other nine reports are unchanged.
Approved by @FredApps at 5e67a11 (review, source reading plus the hosted cargo xtask ci). His review covers the reader and writer analysis in array_formula.rs, how the function facts are passed through engine/io.rs without a new crate dependency, the SINGLE changes and the tests. He found no unwrap/expect/indexing in the new code, nesting and node counts bounded, and the cases the analysis can't finish falling back to the formula as read, with no spill.
Unverified: needs confirmation in Excel
Formulas nested past Excel's own limit, to where the reading no longer fits the parser (see Limits), are left as read and may spill and gain cm on save.
Excel 2019 opening a file this branch saved has not been checked (Excel 2016 has, above).
The rules for where Excel inserts @ come from Microsoft's public docs ("Implicit intersection operator: @", Formula vs. Formula2) and from cached values in the test corpora. They do not come from an exhaustive comparison of every function's parameter types.
Review
Seven adversarial review rounds ran on this branch, each by a separate reviewer agent that had not written the code.
Round 1 led to these changes (commit 8f9d588):
Deleting rows under a legacy SQRT(A1:A3) no longer saves _xlfn.SINGLE + cm: an implied @ whose range an edit made one cell is still dropped (implied_intersection_made_redundant_by_an_edit_saves_legacy).
IFERROR's and IFNA's arguments are intersected inside SUMPRODUCT and other array parameters, like IF's condition.
The file's own parentheses under a whole-formula @ are kept (({1,2}+1), (((MYUDF(A1)*2)))).
Unfinished analyses were meant to save as read. Round 2 found this still broken for formulas that spill; it is fixed below.
Round 2 led to these changes (commits f21939a and cbe7abc):
An @ of a single value is no longer dropped. Built-ins that return arrays but were analysed as scalar (MUNIT, TEXTSPLIT, REGEXEXTRACT mode 1, TRIMRANGE, FILTERXML, MODE.MULT) went legacy and spilled on reopen. Now such an @ stays _xlfn.SINGLE in the legacy formula, as Excel Online and EPPlus write it. The array-result list now covers every function the library reports as returning several values; an engine test finds them by calling the whole registry.
Excel's own legacy _xlfn.SINGLE(…) survives the round trip. The reader no longer marks the intersection of a union under an operator with @ (a union given to a function keeps it, so it does not spill), and prints a spill reference's @ without parentheses. UnionSpillIntersectionOperatorTest.xlsx and DefinedNameRelative.xlsx are back to 0 formula round-trip differences.
A legacy formula the analysis cannot finish, or whose semantics it does not know, is read with a whole-formula @ and no longer spills (ABS((×64 used to spill 1,2,3 and save with cm). Nesting now follows the parser's limit (256), so Excel-legal formulas with 64 nested functions and parenthesised arguments are analysed in full.
Body claims corrected: the nesting claim, the claim that SQRT(@A1) and @SUM(A1:A3) change nothing, and the claim that saving never adds cm (now true for unfinished analyses and checked on a calculated workbook). The fleet-report and 20 + 20-workbook numbers are replaced with a re-run of the 4,224-workbook corpus.
cbe7abc: once operator unions stopped getting @, a legacy SQRT((A1:A2,C1:C2)) spilled again and saved with cm (the review's uncalculated-workbook concern, this time for unions). A union given to a function's single-value parameter now keeps its implied @. The engine test legacy_unions_names_and_parentheses_calculate_and_save_as_read checks this on a calculated workbook and fails without the fix. The full 4,224-file corpus figures above were measured on f21939a (cd /tmp/gc-corpus2 && .venv/bin/python run.py <cli> results-417-f21939a; the 6 files that timed out under load were rerun with GC_TIMEOUT=600 GC_JOBS=2). cbe7abc was rerun on the 8 affected corpus files (UnionSpillIntersectionOperatorTest, DefinedNameRelative, Trimfunctions, HS_WESTminusPA, both FormulaEvalTestData_Copy, DynamicArrayFixture, StructuredReferences). Calc mismatches and formula round-trip differences are identical to f21939a, and none is worse than main.
Round 3 led to these changes (commits 2816406 and b3503b7), checked by the test named here. The test fails on cbe7abc: run there (in a separate worktree, with a copy restricted to the two deep formulas) it fails at the first one-cell-range formula, and the copy fails at ABS(×254 A1:A3% (cargo test -p gridcraft-engine --test legacy_array_functions -- one_cell nesting_limit_only).
A one-cell range written as a range (B1:B1, $B$2:$B$2) counted as possibly several cells in the whole formula once it had any @. So the legacy SQRT(A1:A3)+B1:B1, A1:A3*B2:B2 and SQRT(A1:A3)+$B$2:$B$2 were saved with cm and _xlfn.SINGLE. Now only a range (or name) that an @ applies to directly counts as one an edit may have shrunk; name kinds are cached separately for that case. All three save as read (one_cell_ranges_and_formulas_at_the_nesting_limit_save_as_read).
Nesting headroom: the reader checks that its printed reading parses back before using it, falls back to the whole-formula @, and leaves the formula as read when neither fits. So ABS(×254 -A1:A3 no longer saves a literal @ into the file. When the writer's analysis of a formula cannot finish, it saves the text the formula was read from if the reader maps that text to exactly this formula (it tries the formula without its whole-formula @, then without every @). So ABS(×254 A1:A3% saves as read without cm or _xlfn.SINGLE. Remaining caveat: see Limits.
Remeasured on b3503b7 with the full corpus (cd /tmp/gc-corpus2 && GC_TIMEOUT=600 .venv/bin/python run.py <cli> results-417-b3503b7, compared with results-main-84acf62): all 4,224 files ok. Calc mismatches 68,964 -> 49,866, 25 files fewer and none more. Files with formula round-trip differences: 1 -> 1 (Trimfunctions, as on main). The KNUFFIXX fixtures still save plain <f> with no cm, and H2 = 4.109589041095891.
Round 4 led to these changes (commit 09795b3):
A name's definition counted every one-cell range in it as one an edit may have shrunk, once an @ applied to the name. So names such as NC = CHOOSE(Sheet1!$B$1:$B$1,…) and NI = IF(Sheet1!$B$1:$B$1>0,…) made the legacy SQRT(NC), SQRT(NI), NC+1 and NI*2 save with cm and _xlfn.SINGLE. Now that rule reaches into a definition only when the definition is itself a reference or a name. All four save as read (added to one_cell_ranges_and_formulas_at_the_nesting_limit_save_as_read, which fails on b3503b7). On a plain convert, the reviewer's 27-formula name probe otherwise saves exactly as on b3503b7; after an edit it did not (round 5).
Body: the known exceptions to "saves back as it was read" are listed and checked against main; the name-redefinition claim is limited to the one-cell range form; the "fails on cbe7abc" claim was run.
Reader cost: checking that a reading parses back (reads_back, added in round 3) costs extra CPU on open, a few percent. On a generated 50,000-formula workbook (10,000 rows of SQRT($A$1:$A$10000)*2, IFERROR($A$1:$A$10000/B1,0), ABS(…)+C1, SUM(…)+A1, ROUND(…*1.5,1); /usr/bin/time -p gridcraft-cli info perf50k.xlsx, five runs alternating), the round-5 reviewer measured a median user time of 1.63 s on cbe7abc (before the check) and 1.68 s on 09795b3 at a load of about 7 to 15, about +3%, with 09795b3 slower in every pair. My rerun on c31abc9 at a load of 13 to 20 gave medians of 2.06 s on both, with runs ranging from 1.60 s to 5.06 s, so it cannot resolve 3%. Main 84acf62 took 30.05 s (reviewer) and 49.14 s (mine, loaded) on the same file, because every formula spills 10,000 rows.
Checks on 09795b3: fmt, clippy -p gridcraft-xlsx -p gridcraft-engine --all-targets -D warnings, and the tests for both crates. The KNUFFIXX fixtures still save plain <f> with no cm, and H2 = 4.109589041095891. No corpus rerun: the change only affects names analysed under an @.
Round 5 led to these changes (commit c31abc9):
After deleting rows, a legacy formula using a name whose definition returns its ranges through parentheses or CHOOSE's choices (PM = (Sheet1!$A$1:$A$3), NCH = CHOOSE(1,Sheet1!$A$1:$A$3,Sheet1!$B$1:$B$3)) saved its @ as _xlfn.SINGLE(PM) / _xlfn.SINGLE(NCH). Main and b3503b7 save SQRT(PM) and SQRT(NCH). The writer now analyses an @ on a name or range normally first. If that does not imply the @ and the operand is a single value, it reanalyses with every one-cell range counted as possibly several cells, and keeps the second analysis only when it implies the @. So SQRT(NCH), SQRT(PM), and names through another name, IF's results and CHOOSE's choices save as legacy after the edit, while NC = CHOOSE(Sheet1!$B$1:$B$1,…) and NI = IF(Sheet1!$B$1:$B$1>0,…) still save as read on a plain convert. Test: names_shrunk_by_deleting_rows_save_as_legacy (engine). It fails on 09795b3's array_formula.rs at SQRT(NCH).
Side effect, now listed under the known exceptions: a file's own legacy _xlfn.SINGLE of any name whose result is a one-cell range written as a range is now dropped wherever an @ would be implied. On 09795b3, this happened only for a name that is itself such a range (RONE) or another name. Now it also covers parentheses, CHOOSE's choices, IF's results, OFFSET, INDIRECT text and LET (SQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE(PONE)) -> SQRT(PONE), and the general rule above). Values are unchanged. Main saves these with cm.
Body: the known-exceptions list was extended (round 6 corrected it to state the general rule). It was checked with gridcraft-cli convert on c31abc9 and on main for the reviewer's probes /tmp/rv5-417/x2.xlsx and c1.xlsx, and each output was reopened with gridcraft-cli cat --formulas. Main saves all 28 changed c1 cells and all 5 x2 cells with cm. The reader-cost figure and the round-4 probe claim are corrected above.
Remeasured on c31abc9 with the full corpus (cd /tmp/gc-corpus2 && GC_TIMEOUT=600 .venv/bin/python run.py /tmp/rv-fix-417/gridcraft-cli-c31abc9 results-417-c31abc9, compared with results-main-84acf62 by summing report.totals.mismatched and roundTrip.categories.formulas.diffs per file): all 4,224 files ok. Calc mismatches went from 68,964 to 49,866: 25 files have fewer and none has more. The numbers are identical to b3503b7. Files with formula round-trip differences: 1 -> 1 (Trimfunctions, 8 on both). UnionSpillIntersectionOperatorTest.xlsx and DefinedNameRelative.xlsx have 0. The KNUFFIXX fixtures (/tmp/kx/*.xlsx, converted): 400 and 25 plain <f>, no cm, no t="array", no SINGLE or @, and H2 = 4.109589041095891.
Checks on c31abc9: cargo fmt --all -- --check, cargo clippy -p gridcraft-xlsx -p gridcraft-engine --all-targets -- -D warnings, and cargo test -p gridcraft-xlsx -p gridcraft-engine.
Round 6 led to these changes (commit 950534e):
Cost: the round-5 reanalysis ran for every @ on a name or range that analysed as one value. For a name, that meant parsing and walking its whole definition a second time, even when the definition contained no one-cell range written as a range and the result could not change. The analysis now records whether it reached such a range, and caches that per name with the name's kind. The reanalysis runs only when it did. Output on the review probes is byte-identical to c31abc9, for both convert and home.deleteRows 2:3: f1 and p2 from round 6, e1, c1, c2 and x2 from round 5, and n1, d1, s1 and x1 from round 4. Measured on /tmp/rv6-417/p2.xlsx (3,000 × SQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE(BIG)), where BIG is a 3,000-term sum of single cells), with /usr/bin/time -lp gridcraft-cli convert p2.xlsx out.xlsx and five runs alternating the three builds. The machine load was 7 to 45, so instructions retired are the stable figure. They were 161.7–162.3 billion on 09795b3, 213.6–214.5 billion on c31abc9 and 161.4–162.3 billion on 950534e. Median user time was 12.98 s, 15.09 s and 11.68 s. info (read and calculate only) retires about 109 billion instructions on all three, so the writer's share went from about 53 billion (09795b3) to 105 billion (c31abc9) and back to 53 billion (950534e).
Body: the known exceptions and the Round 5 bullet now state the general rule for dropped _xlfn.SINGLE: any operand whose result is a one-cell range written as a range, in any position where an @ would be implied. The body also notes that an @ of a one-cell range in a reference or array position now saves as read, without cm, where main writes cm.
Checks on 950534e: cargo fmt --all -- --check, cargo clippy -p gridcraft-xlsx -p gridcraft-engine --all-targets -- -D warnings, and cargo test -p gridcraft-xlsx -p gridcraft-engine. The KNUFFIXX fixtures still save 400 and 25 plain <f>, with no cm, t="array", SINGLE or @, and H2 = 4.109589041095891. No corpus rerun: every probe's output is byte-identical to c31abc9, whose corpus figures are above.
Round 7 (on 950534e, reviewing c31abc9..950534e) found nothing to change:
The reviewer probed the new gate (the reanalysis runs only when the first pass reached a one-cell range written as a range, cached per name) with a generated workbook covering direct one-cell ranges, cached names and chains of names, a sheet-local name shadowing a global one with the same text, cyclic names, parentheses, CHOOSE, IF, OFFSET, INDIRECT, LET, and reference and array positions. Every formula saved exactly as on c31abc9; main differs only where it writes cm.
convert and home.deleteRows 2:3 outputs of the round 4-6 probes (n1, d1, s1, x1, e1, c1, c2, x2, f1, p2) and the two round-7 probes are byte-identical to c31abc9 (24 of 24, rerun independently of the reviewer). The KNUFFIXX fixtures still save 400 and 25 plain <f>, with no cm, t="array", SINGLE or @, and H2 = 4.109589041095891.
Checks on 950534e: cargo xtask ci passed all 8 steps (fmt, clippy, test, assets, layers, wasm, parity, keytips).
Merge of mainf1894c6 (88abbf8). Only docs/file-format-parity.md and docs/function-parity.md conflicted (the header lines, changelog rows and, in function-parity.md, the implicit intersection row next to main's new row on clearing large ranges); both sides' rows are kept, newest first, and main's change is listed as "previously" in the header. An adversarial review of the merge against both parents found nothing; it also checked the code that merged without conflicts against main's new formula length and nesting limit (Formula parser: Excel's 8,192-character limit and postfix nesting (never crash) #1330) and the large-range clear recalculation (fix(edit): recalculate all changed cells after large-range clears #1128). cargo xtask ci passes all 8 steps on the merge.
Merge of mainc30fa3f (5e67a11, Fix MEDIAN overflow for large finite middle values #1585: MEDIAN overflow). Conflicts: crates/calc/src/tests.rs (this PR's implicit_intersection_operator test and main's median_large_values_recalculate_dependents were added at the same place; both are kept) and docs/function-parity.md (the header line and changelog rows). An adversarial review found nothing; it checked the remerge diff and how the MEDIAN/AGGREGATE midpoint fix interacts with this PR, and ran cargo test -p gridcraft-calc -p gridcraft-functions (186 passed). cargo xtask ci passes all 8 steps on the merge.
Merge of main23829d8 (5729501). Only docs/file-format-parity.md conflicted (its header line and changelog rows): it keeps main's single header line with this PR's change listed first, and both sides' rows. An adversarial review of the merge against both parents found nothing. cargo xtask ci passes all 8 steps on the merged head.
CodeRabbit on the merged head (comment): docs/decisions.md described the fallback for analysis that can't finish wrongly. Changed (ea3002b): it now separates the three cases array_formula::export handles. A formula whose array behaviour isn't known gets cm. One without an explicit @ that can't be analysed to the end is saved as read, without cm. One with an explicit @ is saved as the legacy text that reads back to it, or with cm when there is none. An adversarial review of the wording against the code found one more overstatement, which is fixed in the same commit; a second pass found nothing.
Approved again by @FredApps at ea3002b (review), from re-reading it against the current base (legacy array formula import and export, the regression tests, the fallback wording in docs/decisions.md) and the hosted cargo xtask ci; no local tests.
XLSX import and export can use caller-provided function information to better preserve how custom functions handle scalar arguments.
Bug Fixes
Improved Excel compatibility for implicit intersection (@), including row and column references, array results, and nested functions.
Better preserved formula behavior when importing, exporting, editing, and reopening legacy and dynamic-array formulas, including whether results spill.
Improved formula serialization to retain necessary parentheses and explicit intersections while avoiding unnecessary array metadata.
Documentation
Expanded guidance on implicit intersection and legacy versus dynamic-array formula compatibility.
Thank you for this! It conflicts with #420 (trim-reference operators in array_formula.rs) and #422 (write_xlsx now takes an XlsxKind), both just merged. Could you rebase onto main? Then we'll land it. Discord: https://discord.gg/artcraft
Rebased onto main (3926d21). It's one commit again and GitHub shows it as mergeable.
How the conflicts were resolved:
File formats: CSV/TSV export writes displayed values; templates and .xlsm saved with their own content types #422 (XlsxKind):write_xlsx(wb) and write_xlsx_as(wb, kind) behave as they do on main, using the default FunctionInfo. The other signature changed: write_xlsx_with is now write_xlsx_with(wb, kind, functions). The engine calls it with XlsxKind::from_path(path) and XLSX_FUNCTIONS. .xlsm/.xltm therefore still keep the VBA project and other kinds drop it, as main does now. This also replaces my earlier .xlsm-only check in the engine.
The red CI here comes from main (3926d21), not this PR. The same tests fail on main without it. #449 fixes main (the CSV General export and a missing French label). Once #449 is in, re-running this check should pass.
main (3926d21) was red on its own, so I put the fix commit from #449 under this PR. You can merge #417 on its own (it brings in #449's commit). If you merge #449 first, #417 still merges cleanly.
Sorry about the brief close and reopen: a bad force-push emptied the branch for a few seconds, and GitHub closed the PR automatically.
More evidence for this one, from a larger real-world test run: 4,224 workbooks, 3,170 of them saved by Excel itself, including 1,000 from the Enron corpus. On the Excel-saved files, a #417 build takes formula mismatches against Excel's saved values from 54,825 to 36,050. Cells that wrongly showed #SPILL! because a legacy formula lacked its implicit @ drop from about 16,900 to about 199. No file got worse. (Measured with gridcraft-cli check at 95c8776, the same base this PR is on.)
Tested this branch (cf5e3f6) with gridcraft-cli check on a private corpus of 253 real-world workbooks (Russian-locale business files: sales summaries, price lists, monthly reports; 169,296 formula cells).
On main, two workbooks built on legacy lookups such as =VLOOKUP(B:B,'01'!A:F,6,0) (no cm, saved by Excel without dynamic arrays) gave 520 cached-value mismatches: the lookups returned #SPILL! and their dependents (=C4/$P$4, =SUM(C4:N4), =O4/12) followed. With this PR both workbooks match Excel's cached values exactly (520 → 0), and none of the other 251 workbooks changed.
The files can't be shared, but I'm happy to rerun the corpus on later revisions.
#686 shows up in gridcraft-cli check. #684 and #685 change what's drawn more than calculated values, so a note on whether charts and grouped drawings look right in your files would help most.
Reran on our 256 real workbooks with 49110bc (on fc45b7f): identical to the previous head — 2,860 → 2,340 formula mismatches (the 468 #SPILL! legacy lookups and the rest of the 520 gone), no new mismatches, no round-trip differences.
Thanks for the rerun. Identical results were the goal for 49110bc: it only changes long operator chains, @ on a union and an IF condition inside SUMPRODUCT, none of which should move your numbers.
Tested this branch (4d94261, Linux build of gridcraft-cli) on the writer side of #410, with Excel 365 as the judge. Fixture gc_legacy_to_array.xlsx (generator make_gc_legacy_to_array.py): 20 × 20 legacy formulas =IFERROR(Gesamtkosten/Gesamt_EH*$G2*Tage/365,0), plain <f> without cm as Excel 2016 and openpyxl write them, with Gesamtkosten = Calc!$D:$D, Gesamt_EH = Calc!$F:$F and Tage a row of 20 day counts.
Excel 365 opens the fixture in 0.6 s.
After gridcraft-cli run --in … --out … on 0.6.1, every cell is saved as <c r="H2" cm="1" t="e"><f t="array" ref="H2">…</f><v>#VALUE!</v></c>. Excel 365 then grows to 19 GB within 7 s (stopped there); the 5 × 5 version gc_legacy_to_array_small.xlsx crashes Excel after 9 s. A real 0.4 MB service-charge workbook with the same pattern took Excel to 23 GB and 17 minutes before I stopped it (the original opens in 1.6 s).
With this branch the round trip keeps plain <f>…</f>, caches 4.109589041095891 for H2 (= 1000/100 · 5 · 30/365, Excel's implicit-intersection value), and Excel 365 opens both fixtures in 0.4–0.6 s.
Tested and written by Claude (Anthropic) on behalf of Udo Funk (@KNUFFIXX), who reviews every report before it is posted. Fixtures are synthetic (MIT OR Apache-2.0).
Thanks, this is the Excel 365 check the PR was missing. A file that grows Excel to 19 GB after a GridCraft round trip, and opens in 0.4–0.6 s with this branch, is the strongest case for merging it. I added your result to the PR description under "Checked in Excel". Pre-dynamic-array Excel (2016/2019) is still unchecked, so if you have one available, that's the remaining open question.
No pre-dynamic-array Excel here, I'm afraid: the only Excel available to me is Microsoft 365 (Current Channel, 16.0.20430, 64-bit, Windows 11), so the 2016/2019 side stays open. If someone has one of those, the fixture for the round trip is gc_legacy_to_array.xlsx.
Written by Claude (Anthropic) on behalf of Udo Funk (@KNUFFIXX), who reviews every post before it goes out.
…ntersected inside SUMPRODUCT; file parentheses and unfinished analyses saved as read
An edit could leave an implied @ on a single cell: deleting rows 2:3 under the legacy SQRT(A1:A3), read as SQRT(@A1:A3), gives SQRT(@A1:A1), and a name redefined to one cell does the same to SQRT(@rng). The writer kept an @ only when re-analysing the formula without it put the same @ back, which it no longer does for one cell, so the formula was saved as SQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE(A1:A1)) with cm, readable only by dynamic-array Excel. The writer now analyses the formula with its own @ in place: an @ is accepted when the analysis implies it at that position or when its operand is a single value there (such an @ changes nothing), and any @ inserted elsewhere or any other @ still makes the formula dynamic. SQRT(@A1:A1) saves as SQRT(A1:A1), SQRT(@A1) as SQRT(A1) and @sum(A1:A3) as SUM(A1:A3), all without cm; SUMPRODUCT(@sqrt(A1:A3)) stays dynamic because SQRT(A1:A3) is an array there.
Legacy Excel intersects IFERROR's and IFNA's arguments inside SUMPRODUCT unless the formula is entered with Ctrl+Shift+Enter, like IF's condition: =SUMPRODUCT(IFERROR(VALUE(C19:C21),0)) returns one row's value or #VALUE!, and the accepted fix is CSE or N(+range) (https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59228707). They now get the same single-value parameter class as IF's condition (Param::Single), so the legacy SUMPRODUCT(IFERROR(A1:A3/A1:A3,0)) reads as SUMPRODUCT(IFERROR(@A1:A3/@A1:A3,0)), and a typed SUMPRODUCT(IFERROR(VALUE(A1:A3),0)), which dynamic-array Excel evaluates as an array, is saved with cm. IF's result arguments are left as arrays: in https://stackoverflow.com/questions/29682328, a non-CSE =SUMPRODUCT(--(B4=IF(NOT($C$4:$C$11),$B$4:$B$11))) in row 4 returns 2 (both "apple" rows of B4:B11 counted, so the result branch was not intersected), 0 in a row where C is TRUE and #VALUE! outside rows 4:11 (the condition was intersected).
The reader's @ in front of a whole-formula array result took no extra parentheses when the file already had them, so ({1,2}+1) and {1,2}+1 both read as @({1,2}+1), and the writer dropped the file's parentheses. An operand already in parentheses now gets a second pair, so ({1,2}+1) saves as written.
A legacy formula the analysis could not finish (node budget, nesting) was read unchanged, evaluated as a dynamic-array formula and saved with cm, so Excel spilled it. Names were analysed again at every use, so a 399-term name used six times exhausted the 4096-node budget; their kinds are now remembered per formula, and the budget is 16384 nodes. The nesting limit is 128, so Excel's 64 levels of nested functions are analysed. A formula that still exceeds the limits is saved as it was read, without cm.
Checked in Excel for Microsoft 365 (de-DE, Windows 11) after a full recalculation: the saved gc_sumproduct_if_da.xlsx shows A3 = 210, A5 = 300, A7 = 7 with the formulas as entered, and the saved gc_legacy_to_array_small.xlsx opens normally with H2 = 4.109589.
Build: cargo build --release -p gridcraft-cli with rustc 1.97.0 on Linux x86_64 (gridcraft-cli 0.7.0); fixtures: KNUFFIXX/artcraft-fixtures @ 2a358e1.
Tested and written by Claude (Anthropic). Posted for Udo Funk (@KNUFFIXX), emotional support human, who reads every report after it goes out.
Heads-up for the 0.8.0 release (823c565): it doesn't include this PR, and the XLSX reader and writer haven't changed since 0.7.0 (in crates/xlsx only a test was added). So 0.8.0 will still save formulas from older Excel files as dynamic arrays (#410). Those saved files then open in Excel 365/2016 with wrong values, or very slowly.
This branch (88abbf8) merges into 823c565 without conflicts. CI is green, and @KNUFFIXX rechecked it in Excel 365 after the last main merge (comment). If it can go in before 0.8.0 is published, that release won't ship the bug.
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Read the diff at 5e67a11 (reader and writer analysis in xlsx/array_formula.rs, the FunctionInfo plumbing through xlsx and engine/io.rs, the parser and fmla.rs SINGLE changes, the tests and docs). Legacy cell formulas (no cm, not CSE) are now read with the @ Excel implies, so the existing evaluator gives the legacy result, and the writer saves a formula that is the legacy reading of some text back as legacy text, giving cm only when legacy evaluation would differ. Layering is kept (the function facts are passed in by the engine, no new crate dependency), the new code has no unwrap/expect/indexing, nesting and node counts are bounded, and the unfinished-analysis cases fall back to the formula as read with no spill. The behaviour changes that remain (a dropped redundant _xlfn.SINGLE, a changed file text with the same value) are listed in the PR body and checked against main.
The regression tests are specific: the engine tests spill on the old array_formula.rs, and the xlsx round-trip tests cover SINGLE, unions, names, deep nesting and the IF/IFERROR-in-SUMPRODUCT cases. The thread also has independent Excel evidence on the earlier heads (Excel 365 and Excel 2016 opening the saved fixtures, and a 253-workbook private corpus going from 520 mismatches to 0 with none worse).
Validation: source reading plus the hosted cargo xtask ci check, green at 5e67a11 on a clean merge with main. No local tests were run (builds are paused).
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The XLSX reader and writer now classify legacy formulas for implicit intersection. Callers can provide function metadata through XLSX APIs. Parser changes and tests cover @ evaluation, formula serialization, and save/reopen behavior.
Changes: Legacy formula compatibility
Layer / File(s)
Summary
Function metadata and XLSX APIs crates/xlsx/src/lib.rs, crates/xlsx/src/write.rs, crates/engine/src/io.rs
FunctionInfo supplies function classifications to XLSX APIs. Engine I/O passes its function metadata during reads and writes.
Legacy formula analysis crates/xlsx/src/array_formula.rs
Formula analysis classifies references, arrays, names, and function argument contexts. It selects legacy, unchanged, or dynamic export behavior.
Import, export, and formula syntax crates/xlsx/src/read.rs, crates/xlsx/src/sheet_read.rs, crates/xlsx/src/sheet_write.rs, crates/formula/src/parser.rs, crates/xlsx/src/fmla.rs
The reader records eligible formulas and applies legacy handling. The writer uses formula analysis for export. Parser and serializer changes preserve _xlfn.SINGLE operand syntax.
Formula behavior, round trips, and compatibility notes crates/xlsx/src/tests/*, crates/calc/src/tests.rs, crates/formula/src/tests.rs, crates/engine/tests/legacy_array_functions.rs, docs/decisions.md, docs/file-format-parity.md, docs/function-parity.md
Tests cover @ evaluation, legacy array functions, formula metadata, and save/reopen behavior. Documentation describes implicit intersection during XLSX import and export.
sequenceDiagram
participant XlsxReader
participant SheetReader
participant ArrayFormula
participant Engine
participant XlsxWriter
XlsxReader->>SheetReader: Read worksheet formulas
SheetReader-->>XlsxReader: Return legacy formula cell references
XlsxReader->>ArrayFormula: Apply legacy handling with FunctionInfo
Engine->>XlsxWriter: Write workbook with FunctionInfo
XlsxWriter->>ArrayFormula: Classify formula for export
ArrayFormula-->>XlsxWriter: Return legacy, unchanged, or dynamic result
Loading
Possibly related issues
Issue 891 reports missing implicit intersection in legacy formulas and incorrect calculated values. This change adds implicit-intersection handling for legacy XLSX formulas.
Suggested reviewers:echelon
Merge Risk: Low · previous review cbf57
Some dynamic-array formulas can lose their metadata when a workbook is saved. This is a narrow compatibility issue worth fixing before merge or explicitly accepting.
Architecture risk: Low · up to cbf57
The change affects 2 systems.
Changed systems:crates, docs
Architecture concerns
No architecture-level concerns identified.
Review details
Systems and components
observed — crates (service) was modified; 15 changed files map to changed impact.
observed — docs (service) was modified; 3 changed files map to changed impact.
Before / after behavior
observed — Modified behavior in crates/engine/tests/legacy_array_functions.rs: Added module documentation, deterministic probe context, and helpers for constructing the sample 2×2 array and scalar/array function arguments.
observed — Modified behavior in crates/engine/tests/legacy_array_functions.rs: Added dynamic discovery of function calls that produce multiple values, bounded to four arguments and 3,000 combinations, with required coverage assertions for selected functions and evaluator-provided range functions.
observed — Modified behavior in crates/engine/tests/legacy_array_functions.rs: Added cell-location, value-reading, and no-spill validation helpers that reject populated adjacent cells or #SPILL! results.
observed — Modified behavior in crates/engine/tests/legacy_array_functions.rs: Added tests ensuring legacy formulas using array functions produce one value, and typed =@ formulas preserve that value across XLSX save/reopen, while allowing volatile functions to recalculate to another number.
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The title names the main change: XLSX legacy formulas (saved without dynamic-array cm metadata) now open with Excel's implicit @ and calculate like Excel. The changeset matches this. The reader in…
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The title names the main change: XLSX legacy formulas (saved without dynamic-array cm metadata) now open with Excel's implicit @ and calculate like Excel. The changeset matches this. The reader inserts implicit @ through array_formula::apply_legacy, the writer exports legacy formulas without cm through array_formula::export, and the new read_xlsx_with/write_xlsx_with APIs supply function facts. The objectives describe the same behavior. The title is long at 101 characters and omits the writer's side and the new APIs, but it still conveys the primary change.
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Confirm that is_builtin covers Excel built-ins that the function library does not implement.
gridcraft_functions::lookup includes unsupported Excel functions as registered stubs. The listed examples, including WEBSERVICE, CUBEVALUE, HYPERLINK, INFO, and EUROCONVERT, therefore resolve as built-ins. Add a separate built-in-name list only if other Excel built-ins are absent from the registry.
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Review comment at @crates/engine/src/io.rs around lines 12 - 15:
The is_builtin callback in XLSX_FUNCTIONS already resolves registered
unsupported Excel functions, including WEBSERVICE, CUBEVALUE, HYPERLINK, INFO,
and EUROCONVERT, through gridcraft_functions::lookup. Confirm registry coverage
for other Excel built-ins, and add a separate built-in-name list only for
functions missing from that registry; otherwise leave the callback unchanged.
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @docs/decisions.md:
- Line 20: Update the decision-record wording near the bounded name/AST
traversal statement to accurately describe the unfinished-analysis fallback:
formulas are saved as read without cm, rather than using array preservation.
Keep the behavior described by array_formula::export and the references to
explicit @ handling and legacy.complete consistent with the surrounding text.
---
Nitpick comments:
Review comments at @crates/engine/src/io.rs:
- Around line 12-15: The is_builtin callback in XLSX_FUNCTIONS already resolves
registered unsupported Excel functions, including WEBSERVICE, CUBEVALUE,
HYPERLINK, INFO, and EUROCONVERT, through gridcraft_functions::lookup. Confirm
registry coverage for other Excel built-ins, and add a separate built-in-name
list only for functions missing from that registry; otherwise leave the callback
unchanged.
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📥 Commits
Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 23829d8 and 5729501.
📒 Files selected for processing: 18
crates/calc/src/tests.rs
crates/engine/src/io.rs
crates/engine/tests/legacy_array_functions.rs
crates/formula/src/parser.rs
crates/formula/src/tests.rs
crates/xlsx/src/array_formula.rs
crates/xlsx/src/fmla.rs
crates/xlsx/src/lib.rs
crates/xlsx/src/read.rs
crates/xlsx/src/sheet_read.rs
crates/xlsx/src/sheet_write.rs
crates/xlsx/src/tests/array_export.rs
crates/xlsx/src/tests/fixtures.rs
crates/xlsx/src/tests/roundtrip.rs
crates/xlsx/src/write.rs
docs/decisions.md
docs/file-format-parity.md
docs/function-parity.md
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Re-reviewed ea3002b against the current base, including the legacy-array formula import/export integration, regressions and clarified fallback documentation. Verified exact-head cargo xtask ci run 39366064507. No blocking regression found within the documented supported-function scope; no local tests run.
@coderabbitai On the is_builtin nitpick (crates/engine/src/io.rs:12-15): gridcraft_functions::lookup ignores case, strips _xlfn./_xlws. and finds registered stubs, so WEBSERVICE, HYPERLINK, INFO, EUROCONVERT and the registered CUBE functions count as built-ins. GETPIVOTDATA isn't in the registry but is listed as a host function in crates/xlsx/src/array_formula.rs. Any other name is treated as a possible workbook-defined (LAMBDA) function. When the workbook doesn't define it either, legacy formulas are saved as read, without cm: checked with a round trip of =SUM(NOSUCHFN(A1:A3)) and =NOSUCHFN(A1:A3). No change made.
#!/bin/bash
ast-grep outline crates/functions/src/lib.rs --match 'lookup|registry|spec' --items all
sed -n '206,240p' crates/functions/src/lib.rs
rg -n -C2 --type rust '"(WEBSERVICE|HYPERLINK|INFO|EUROCONVERT|CUBEVALUE|CUBEMEMBER)"' crates/functions
sed -n '92,133p' crates/xlsx/src/array_formula.rs
sed -n '166,195p' crates/xlsx/src/array_formula.rs
sed -n '488,595p' crates/xlsx/src/array_formula.rs
sed -n '749,778p' crates/xlsx/src/array_formula.rs
Length of output: 17569
@neilcawse Thanks for the clarification. I checked the lookup implementation and XLSX classifier. My is_builtin concern was incorrect.
lookup handles case, _xlfn./_xlws. prefixes, and registered stubs. The classifier also handles GETPIVOTDATA as a host function and checks workbook-defined names separately. Your reported round trips cover the two unknown-function cases.
No change is needed for this concern. I withdraw it.
✏️ Learnings added
Learnt from: neilcawse
URL: https://github.com/storytold/gridcraft/pull/417
Timestamp: 2026-10-20T11:45:40.500Z
Learning: In storytold/gridcraft, crates/engine/src/io.rs defines XLSX_FUNCTIONS.is_builtin using gridcraft_functions::lookup. The lookup in crates/functions/src/lib.rs is case-insensitive, strips _xlfn./_xlws. prefixes, and finds registered stubs as well as implemented functions. In crates/xlsx/src/array_formula.rs, host_function separately recognizes GETPIVOTDATA, and Legacy::call checks workbook-defined names for possible LAMBDA functions. A lookup miss alone does not establish incorrect XLSX classification. The author verified that imported legacy formulas =SUM(NOSUCHFN(A1:A3)) and =NOSUCHFN(A1:A3) round-trip as read without cm metadata.
Note: Learnings are effective only in the context of similar code segments. To apply general coding guidelines, please configure review instructions. You can manage existing learnings in the app.
@echelon This has main merged in at 06920de (the #2226 batch). CI passes and GitHub reports it mergeable. Is anything else needed for it to land, or is it queued for a later batch? The same applies to #449, #464, #684, #685, #717, #719, #722 and #1219: each contains 06920de, passes CI and is reported mergeable.
@FredApps Your approval is on ea3002b, from before the merge with main. Could you re-approve the current head (d342612)?
Merge resolution: I compared the PR's own diff before and after (merge-base 23829d8 → ea3002b against 06920de → d342612). The only non-docs change is 65b7a90. It carries main's analyzer fixes into the new Legacy analyzer in crates/xlsx/src/array_formula.rs:
#1505positive_index, so INDEX(…, MATCH(…)) stays scalar (l.571-573, 693-696)
N as a value parameter (l.769)
#916: main's flat-operator-chain handling is kept as well. binary walks the left spine in a loop with the 16,384-node budget (l.610-654), and long_flat_chains_are_scalar_formulas is kept.
d342612: reorders the revision history in docs/file-format-parity.md only.
Rebase needed again. Main has moved 172 commits, and the branch now conflicts in three files. The conflicts are mechanical. I resolved them locally and checked the result:
crates/xlsx/src/sheet_read.rs:518: keep main's in_dynamic(st, pos) line (from #2413's import cap) and add this PR's legacy_formulas.push block after it.
crates/calc/src/tests.rs (about l.1887): both sides add tests. Keep main's analysis_toolpak_value_params_reject_multi_cell_references and this PR's implicit_intersection_operator.
docs/function-parity.md: keep a single Last reviewed header line. Taking both sides gives two.
With that resolution on main fc45b7f: fmt clean, clippy -p gridcraft-calc -p gridcraft-xlsx -p gridcraft-engine --all-targets -D warnings clean, and test --lib for the three crates gives 91 + 489 + 270 passed (1 ignored).
@FredApps This has main merged in at ad10881 (f18d711). Your approval is on d342612, from before that merge. Could you re-approve the current head (f18d711)?
Comparison of the open implicit-intersection PRs: this one (#417), #1660 and, as a follow-up to #417, #1367 (not compared here). There is also #2677, a fourth approach to the same problem, which I did not read. Posted on #417 as the lowest-numbered. I read the diffs, ran merge-tree of the heads against current main and against each other, and checked Excel's behaviour with COM; I did not build or run any branch.
Classifies each formula by operand kind and parameter kind (Value / Ref / Array), per function, with IF's condition and IFERROR/IFNA arguments treated as single-value inside SUMPRODUCT
Wraps a multi-cell reference in @ when it is on an all-scalar path from the root; anything under an aggregate or array function (SUM, SUMPRODUCT, FILTER, MAP, …) is left untouched
Read
Formulas without cm and not CSE arrays (XLSX)
Plain and shared <f> formulas (XLSX), plus plain BIFF formulas in .xls
Write
array_formula::export: a legacy formula is saved back as legacy, without cm; only formulas that really are dynamic get cm. _xlfn.SINGLE only for an @ of a single value
Uses the existing export: the @ it inserted is written as _xlfn.SINGLE (its text: "the file round-trips as a modern explicit intersection")
Size
18 files, +1575/-191
5 files, +340/-3
Tests
New engine/tests/legacy_array_functions.rs (probes every function that returns several values), XLSX round-trips, calc and formula tests; reported real-file checks in the comments (xmaks82's 256 workbooks, KNUFFIXX's fixtures in Excel 365 and Excel 2016)
35 rewrite cases in array_formula.rs, a round-trip test, one end-to-end G4 == 7 check
The two merge cleanly with each other, but both edit array_formula.rs, which would leave two competing legacy rules in the file
Where they differ in behaviour. I checked Excel for the formulas below (new temporary workbook, Range.Formula set, Formula2 read back, closed without saving), with A1:A3 = 1,2,3 and the formula outside that range:
=SUM(IF(A1:A3>1,1,0)) → Excel's Formula2 is =SUM(IF(@A1:A3>1,1,0)) (value #VALUE!).
#417 matches these: its fixtures read SUM(IF(A1:A3>1,A1:A3)) as SUM(IF(@A1:A3>1,A1:A3)) and it has a test for SUM(A1:A3*B1:B3). #1660's own unit test asserts that SUM(IF(B:B="x",1,0)) is left unchanged, and its rewrite does not descend into SUM's arguments, so from reading the code a legacy SUM(IF(…)) or SUM(A1:A3*B1:B3) would still be evaluated as an array rather than intersected. That is a reading of the diff, not a run. Its target case (IF(ISBLANK(B:B),0,…)) does match Excel.
The write side is the other difference: #417's save of a legacy formula carries no cm, which is what its Excel 365 and Excel 2016 checks in this thread are about (files that grow Excel's memory use after a round trip); #1660 does not change the writer.
Scope not in either: defined names, conditional-format and validation formulas are not classified (both PRs say or imply this). #1660 also covers .xls plain formulas, which #1367 does for #417's rule.
Not checked: results of any branch on real workbooks by me, and #2677. Heads compared as of 27 Oct.
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Actionable comments posted: 1
🪄 Fix comments: Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @crates/xlsx/src/sheet_write.rs:
- Around line 321-322: Update the formula export branch around
`crate::array_formula::export` to bypass legacy classification when `f.dynamic`
is true, preserving the existing formula and its dynamic metadata through
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Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between f18d711 and cbf571d.
Files selected for processing: 3
crates/xlsx/src/fmla.rs
crates/xlsx/src/sheet_read.rs
crates/xlsx/src/sheet_write.rs
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Minor · Data Integrity & Integration · Quick win
Preserve imported dynamic-array metadata before legacy classification.
If an imported formula has cm and contains a legacy-implied @, this branch can select Export::Legacy. For example, _xlfn.SINGLE(A1:A3) can be exported as A1:A3. Formula::from_expr then clears dynamic, so write_cell omits cm. The round trip changes a marked dynamic formula into a legacy formula. Bypass legacy classification when f.dynamic is true, and write the existing formula with its metadata. (raw.githubusercontent.com)
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Review comment at @crates/xlsx/src/sheet_write.rs around lines 321 - 322:
Update the formula export branch around `crate::array_formula::export` to bypass
legacy classification when `f.dynamic` is true, preserving the existing formula
and its dynamic metadata through `write_cell`.
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Follow-up to #64 / #267. #267 writes
@as_xlfn.SINGLEin a dynamic-array formula, and its test notes that dropping the@instead "would need the reader to put it back on legacy formulas". This PR adds that reader side. The write side of #64 is already on main, so this PR does not close it.What changed
Read. A cell formula saved without dynamic-array metadata (no
cmattribute) and not entered as a Ctrl+Shift+Enter array is a legacy formula. Excel evaluates it with implicit intersection, and dynamic-array Excel shows it with@inserted at those places. GridCraft now does the same. After names and tables are read,array_formula::apply_legacyinserts@wherever a reference that may cover several cells meets a single-value parameter, an operator, or the cell result. Examples:TANH(A1:A3)→TANH(@A1:A3),MYUDF(A1:A3)→@MYUDF(A1:A3).SUM(A1:A3)andSUMPRODUCT(A1:A3*B1:B3)are left alone. The calc engine then gives the legacy result with no second evaluator. Dynamic-array formulas (cm) and CSE arrays are read as written.Write.
array_formula::exportreplacesneeds_arrayand has three outcomes:cm+ single-cell array ref, as before);@in the formula is one legacy Excel would imply, or one of a single value. The implied ones are left out (the reader puts them back), and any other@of a single value is written as_xlfn.SINGLEinside the legacy formula, as Excel Online and EPPlus write it. The formula gets nocm.So a legacy formula read from a file saves back as a legacy formula, without
cm, and with its text except for the known exceptions listed below. This holds also after an edit leaves an implied@on one cell: deleting rows 2:3 under the legacySQRT(A1:A3)(read asSQRT(@A1:A3)) givesSQRT(@A1:A1), saved asSQRT(A1:A1), and so isSQRT(@Rng)afterRngis redefined to a one-cell range (=Sheet1!$A$1:$A$1). Redefined to a single cell (=Sheet1!$A$1), it is saved asSQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE(Rng)), still withoutcm: an@of one cell is one of a single value, which Excel keeps as_xlfn.SINGLE. The legacy_xlfn.SINGLE(5),_xlfn.SINGLE(SUM(F25:F26)),(F25, _xlfn.SINGLE(F26))and_xlfn.SINGLE(RelativeRow)(from Excel Online's UnionSpillIntersectionOperatorTest.xlsx and EPPlus's DefinedNameRelative.xlsx) also save back with their_xlfn.SINGLEand withoutcm. The writer analyses the formula with its own@in place. An@is left out when the analysis implies it at that position, including the whole-formula@over a multi-valued result: a typed=@MUNIT(3)is saved as the legacy_xlfn.MUNIT(3), which reads back as@MUNIT(3)and does not spill. An@of a single value stays: a typedSQRT(@A1)is saved asSQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE(A1))and@SUM(A1:A3)as_xlfn.SINGLE(SUM(A1:A3)), both withoutcm. Any other@, or an@the analysis inserts elsewhere, makes the formula dynamic, still written as_xlfn.SINGLE(@(A1:A3*2),SUMPRODUCT(@SQRT(A1:A3)),SUMPRODUCT(@ROW(A1:A3))). The reader shows the implicit intersection of a union that is an operator's operand as Excel does, without@((F25,F26)%; the operator gives #VALUE! either way). A union given to a function's single-value parameter still gets its@, as GridCraft's functions would otherwise spill it (SQRT((A1:A2,C1:C2))reads asSQRT((@(A1:A2,C1:C2))), #VALUE!). A spill reference's@is shown without parentheses (@F5#%).Known exceptions, where a legacy formula read from a file does not save back exactly as read (checked with
gridcraft-cli converton this branch and on main84acf62; main saves every one of these withcmtoo, so none is new):_xlfn.SINGLEaround a range in parentheses (_xlfn.SINGLE((A1:A3)),_xlfn.SINGLE((A1:A3))+1,SQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE((A1:A3))),_xlfn.SINGLE(((A1:A3)))) keeps its text but gainscm.SUM(_xlfn._xlws.FILTER(A1:A3,B1:B3>4))keeps its text but gainscm(FILTER's array arguments are semantics the analysis does not know)._xlfn.SINGLEthat legacy evaluation implies anyway, over a range or a name for one, is dropped:_xlfn.SINGLE(A1:A3)->A1:A3,SQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE(A1:A3))->SQRT(A1:A3),_xlfn.SINGLE(A1:A3)*2->A1:A3*2,SQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE(M))->SQRT(M)(M = Sheet1!$A$1:$A$3),SQRT(NC)+_xlfn.SINGLE(NC)*2->SQRT(NC)+NC*2. These read back as the same formula (=SQRT(@A1:A3)and so on), but the file's text changes.A legacy
_xlfn.SINGLEwhose operand is, or returns, a one-cell range written as a range is dropped wherever legacy Excel intersects anyway, i.e. wherever an@would be implied: a single-value parameter (SQRT), an operator's operand, IF's condition, VLOOKUP's key, INDEX's row or column, IF and IFERROR inside SUMPRODUCT, the whole formula, and the inner@of_xlfn.SINGLE(_xlfn.SINGLE(X)). The operand can be the range itself (A1:A1) or any name whose result is such a range. That includes a name for it directly (RONE = Sheet1!$A$1:$A$1), through another name, in parentheses, as CHOOSE's choice or IF's result,OFFSET(Sheet1!$A$1:$A$1,0,0),INDIRECT("Sheet1!A1:A1")text, or a LET. Examples (convert on950534e):SQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE(A1:A1))->SQRT(A1:A1),_xlfn.SINGLE(RONE)->RONE,VLOOKUP(_xlfn.SINGLE(NH),Sheet1!$A$1:$B$3,2,0)->VLOOKUP(NH,…),SUMPRODUCT(IF(_xlfn.SINGLE(NOFF)>0,1,0))->SUMPRODUCT(IF(NOFF>0,1,0)),SQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE(NIND))->SQRT(NIND),_xlfn.SINGLE(_xlfn.SINGLE(NH))->_xlfn.SINGLE(NH), withNH = CHOOSE(1,Sheet1!$A$1:$A$1,Sheet1!$B$1:$B$1). These read back without the@, so FORMULATEXT changes. The value does not, because the range is one cell: on the round-6 reviewer's 151-formula probe, every reopened value equals the value before saving. The writer cannot tell such a formula from one an edit shrank (deleting rows 2:3 underSQRT(A1:A3)leavesSQRT(@A1:A1)), and saving that one as the legacySQRT(A1:A1)keeps it readable by pre-dynamic-array Excel. A one-cell reference (A1,SONE = Sheet1!$A$1) keeps its_xlfn.SINGLE.cm(see Limits).Not an exception, but different from main: an
@of a one-cell range written as a range, or of a name for one, in a reference or array position keeps its text and saves as legacy withoutcm. Examples areSUMPRODUCT(_xlfn.SINGLE(RONE)),SUM(_xlfn.SINGLE(RONE)),COUNTIF(_xlfn.SINGLE(RONE),1),ROW(_xlfn.SINGLE(RONE)),SUM(MMULT(_xlfn.SINGLE(RONE),{1,2}))andTRANSPOSE(_xlfn.SINGLE(RONE)). Main84acf62writes these withcm. Before round 5 (09795b3), this branch also wrote them withcmforRONE, but not forNHorNOFF.The legacy outcome is chosen only when the printed formula parses back to the same expression, so a dropped
@never takes parentheses the text needs with it.@of a bare union has no legacy text, so its formula stays dynamic (SQRT(@(A1:A2,C1:C2))is written asSQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE((A1:A2,C1:C2)))withcm, and reads back unchanged). A union already inside the file's parentheses is not given a second pair: the legacySQRT((A1:A2,C1:C2)), read asSQRT((@(A1:A2,C1:C2))), saves back asSQRT((A1:A2,C1:C2)). A whole-formula array result already in the file's parentheses keeps them:({1,2}+1)reads as@(({1,2}+1))and saves as({1,2}+1), while{1,2}+1reads as@({1,2}+1)and saves as{1,2}+1.Limits. The analysis bounds nesting at 256 levels and the number of nodes at 16384. 256 is the formula parser's own limit, and functions, parentheses and prefix operators count one level each in both. So every formula that parses is analysed in full unless names or postfix
%/#take it deeper. That covers 64 nested functions with parenthesised arguments (ABS((×64, 128 levels) and 200 nested functions. A name's kind is analysed once per formula and remembered, so a long name used several times costs one analysis (a 399-term name used six times used to exhaust the old 4096-node budget). Operator chains do not count towards the nesting:Legacy::binarywalks a left-nested chain such asB1+B2+…+B70iteratively, so its ranges are still intersected (A1:A3+B1+…+B70→@A1:A3+B1+…+B70). A legacy formula the analysis cannot finish (names too large to analyse), or whose legacy argument semantics it does not know (the array arguments of dynamic-array functions such as SORT or TAKE, LAMBDA), is read as it is, with only a whole-formula@when its result may be several values. So it shows one value and never spills, and the writer saves it as it was read, withoutcmor_xlfn.SINGLE. This is checked on a calculated workbook (deep_and_unfinished_legacy_formulas_calculate_and_save_as_read). One exception remains: when the reading's added@would take the formula past the parser's 256 levels (only possible far beyond Excel's 64 nested functions, e.g.ABS(×254-A1:A3), the formula is left exactly as read. GridCraft then calculates it as a dynamic-array formula, so it may spill and be saved withcm, but its text is saved as read with no@(one_cell_ranges_and_formulas_at_the_nesting_limit_save_as_read).IF, IFERROR and IFNA inside array functions. IF's condition and IFERROR's and IFNA's arguments are single values even inside SUMPRODUCT and the other array-evaluating parameters (
Param::Single): legacy Excel evaluates them as arrays there only in a Ctrl+Shift+Enter formula (Exceljet, SUMPRODUCT with IF; Stack Overflow 59228707:=SUMPRODUCT(IFERROR(VALUE(C19:C21),0))needs CSE).SUMPRODUCT(IF(A1:A3>1,1,0))reads asSUMPRODUCT(IF(@A1:A3>1,1,0))andSUMPRODUCT(IFERROR(A1:A3/A1:A3,0))asSUMPRODUCT(IFERROR(@A1:A3/@A1:A3,0)); a typedSUMPRODUCT(IFERROR(VALUE(A1:A3),0)), which dynamic-array Excel evaluates as an array, is saved withcm. IF's results and CHOOSE are unchanged: in Stack Overflow 29682328, a non-CSE=SUMPRODUCT(--(B4=IF(NOT($C$4:$C$11),$B$4:$B$11)))in row 4 counts both matching rows ofB4:B11(the result is not intersected) and gives#VALUE!outside rows 4:11 (the condition is). A name's definition (and INDIRECT's text) is still analysed as an array throughout, only for its kind, and inserts no@into the formula (Legacy::kind_of): withFlag = IF(Data!$A$1:$A$3>1,1,0),SUM(Flag)is unchanged andSQRT(Flag)reads as@SQRT(Flag); both save back as read withoutcm.Formula parser.
_xlfn.SINGLE(A1:A3*2)reads as@(A1:A3*2)(parenthesised), not as@A1:A3*2.fmla.rswrites@(x)back as_xlfn.SINGLE(x)only for the operands the reader re-parenthesises (a binary operation other than a union, and-,+or%); any other parentheses are kept, so@(A1:A2,C1:C2)is written as_xlfn.SINGLE((A1:A2,C1:C2))(the union stays one argument), and@((A1:A3*2))and@(A1:A3)read back as entered.Layering. The classification needs to know which names are built-in functions and which parameters take a single value, and that knowledge lives in
gridcraft-functions. Format crates may not depend on that crate, sogridcraft-xlsxgainsFunctionInfo(twofnpointers) supplied by the caller:read_xlsx_with(bytes, functions)andwrite_xlsx_with(wb, kind, functions)are new.read_xlsx/write_xlsx/write_xlsx_askeep their signatures and useFunctionInfo::default(), which relies on the crate's own table of reference- and array-taking parameters.gridcraft-engine(io.rs,XLSX_FUNCTIONS) passes the function library's answers for open and save.No new crate dependency.
Tests
calc::tests::implicit_intersection_operator:@on column/row ranges in and out of line, a 2-D range (#VALUE!), an array constant,@on an array result, and the same formula without@spilling.formula::tests::single_is_the_implicit_intersection_operator:_xlfn.SINGLEround trips, including the parenthesised forms.xlsxfixtures::legacy_formulas_read_with_implicit_intersection: legacy,cmand CSE formulas from hand-written sheet XML.xlsxfixtures::legacy_formulas_use_the_callers_function_facts: an add-in function and a library-declared array parameter throughread_xlsx_with/write_xlsx_with.xlsxroundtrip::implicit_intersection_is_written_as_legacy_or_single(renamed fromimplicit_intersection_is_written_as_single) androundtrip::legacy_and_dynamic_formulas_keep_their_kind.xlsxarray_export::implicit_intersection_metadata_respects_function_argument_context: updated expectations.SQRT(@A1:A3),@A1:A3*2,SQRT(@A1),SQRT(@A1:A1)and@SUM(A1:A3)are written as legacy formulas (the last two keep their@as_xlfn.SINGLE);@(A1:A3*2),SUMPRODUCT(@ROW(A1:A3)),SUMPRODUCT(@SQRT(A1:A3)),SUMPRODUCT(IFERROR(VALUE(A1:A3),0))andSUMPRODUCT(IFNA(A1:A3,0))as dynamic ones.xlsxroundtrip::long_and_deeply_nested_legacy_formulas_never_gain_single: a 70-term+chain is read unchanged. These get@A1:A3: the same chain afterA1:A3, 64 nestedABS(…)aroundA1:A3, 64 nestedABS((…))(128 levels), 200 nestedABS(…), andBig+Big+Big+Big+Big+Big+A1:A3(with a 399-termBig). A sum of 30 names too large to analyse is read as@(Part_1+…+Part_30). All eight are saved as read, without_xlfn.SINGLEort="array". This test writes an uncalculated workbook; the engine test below checks the deep and unfinished cases after calculation.xlsxroundtrip::implicit_intersection_keeps_its_parentheses:@(A1:A2,C1:C2)+1,SQRT(@(A1:A2,C1:C2)),@(A1:A2,C1:C2)+A1:A3,@((A1:A2,C1:C2)),SQRT(@((A1:A2,C1:C2))),@(((A1:A2,C1:C2))),@((A1:A3*2)),@(A1:A3),@(A1:A3*2)and@(-A1:A3)save and read back unchanged.xlsxfixtures::legacy_if_and_iferror_arguments_are_intersected_inside_array_functions:SUMPRODUCT(IF(A1:A3>1,1,0)),SUMPRODUCT(IF(A1>1,A1:A3,0)),SUMPRODUCT(IFERROR(A1:A3/A1:A3,0))andSUMPRODUCT(IFNA(A1:A3,0),A1:A3).xlsxroundtrip::legacy_unions_in_parentheses_and_names_with_if_save_as_read: the legacy file formulasSQRT((A1:A2,C1:C2)),(A1:A2,C1:C2)+1,SUM(Flag),SQRT(Flag)(withFlag = IF(Data!$A$1:$A$3>1,1,0)),({1,2}+1),{1,2}+1and(((MYUDF(A1)*2)))save back unchanged, withoutcmor_xlfn.SINGLE. This test writes an uncalculated workbook. The engine test below checks the union, name and parenthesised cases on a calculated workbook.enginelegacy_array_functions::legacy_unions_names_and_parentheses_calculate_and_save_as_read: the legacySQRT((A1:A2,B1:B2)),ABS(((A1:A2,B1:B2))),(A1:A2,B1:B2)+1,SQRT(Flag),({1,2}+1)and{1,2}+1are opened and calculated. None spills (#VALUE!, #VALUE!, #VALUE!, 0, 2, 2), and saving writes each as a plain<f>exactly as read.xlsxroundtrip::implied_intersection_made_redundant_by_an_edit_saves_legacy: the legacySQRT(A1:A3)edited toSQRT(@A1:A1), andSQRT(Rng)withRngredefined to one cell, save asSQRT(A1:A1)andSQRT(Rng)withoutcmor_xlfn.SINGLE.xlsxroundtrip::single_in_a_legacy_formula_saves_as_read: the legacy_xlfn.SINGLE(SUM(_xlfn.ANCHORARRAY(F5))),_xlfn.ANCHORARRAY(F5)%,_xlfn.ANCHORARRAY($F$5),(F25,F26)%,SUM((F25,F26)%),_xlfn.SINGLE(5),_xlfn.SINGLE(RelativeRow),_xlfn.SINGLE(H12),_xlfn.SINGLE(SUM(F25:F26))and(F25, _xlfn.SINGLE(F26))read as Excel shows them (@SUM(F5#),@F5#%,(F25,F26)%,(F25,@F26), …) and save back as read, withoutcm. A typed@SQRT(A1)saves as_xlfn.SINGLE(SQRT(A1))and@MUNIT(3)as_xlfn.MUNIT(3); all of them read back the same.enginetests/legacy_array_functions.rs(calculated workbooks, throughfile.open/file.saveBytes):legacy_formulas_with_array_functions_show_one_value: every library function that returns several values is found by calling all ofgridcraft_functions::all()with sample arguments (MUNIT, MODE.MULT, TEXTSPLIT, REGEXEXTRACT mode 1, MMULT and SEQUENCE must be among them). That list, plus TRIMRANGE, OFFSET, INDIRECT, INDEX and FILTERXML, is checked: a legacy cell formula calling each shows one value and does not spill.typed_at_of_array_functions_saves_one_value:=@F(…)for each of them shows the same single value after saving and reopening (a volatile function shows one number again).deep_and_unfinished_legacy_formulas_calculate_and_save_as_read: 200 nestedABS(…), 64 nestedABS((…))and 30 names too large to analyse. None spills (the first two give#VALUE!as legacy Excel does), and all three save as plain<f>read from the file, withoutcm,t="array"or_xlfn.SINGLE.Run against
8f9d588'sarray_formula.rs(tests kept, executed), these fail:single_in_a_legacy_formula_saves_as_read,long_and_deeply_nested_legacy_formulas_never_gain_singleand all three engine tests. The engine failures list MUNIT, MODE.MULT, TEXTSPLIT, REGEXEXTRACT, TRIMRANGE, SORT, UNIQUE, VSTACK, HSTACK, TOROW, TOCOL, TAKE, DROP, CHOOSEROWS, CHOOSECOLS and EXPAND spilling.Commands run for
f21939aand again forcbe7abc, withCARGO_TARGET_DIRset to a private target dir:Earlier commits also passed
cargo xtask ciafter the rebase on main (84acf62). This round it was not re-run here; the integrator runs it.Calculation and round trip against Excel's cached values, with the
gridcraft-cli checkoracle (#416, not part of this PR), on the 4,224-workbook test corpus. The command waspython run.py <release gridcraft-cli> <out-dir>in the corpus checkout, comparingresults-main-84acf62with this branch'sresults-417-f21939a:Trimfunctions.xlsx)The biggest gains: an Enron workbook (
HS_WESTminusPA.xlsx, 18,097 → 88), POI/NPOIFormulaEvalTestData_Copy.xlsx(197 → 3 each), LibreOffice'sDynamicArrayFixture.xlsx(189 → 47) andUnionSpillIntersectionOperatorTest.xlsx(113 → 62), andStructuredReferences.xlsx(2 → 0).UnionSpillIntersectionOperatorTest.xlsxandDefinedNameRelative.xlsxhave 0 formula round-trip differences, as on main (8f9d588had 5 and 4). Six large files timed out at 60 s in the full run while the machine was heavily loaded (load average about 100). They were re-run alone withGC_TIMEOUT=600and are included above. Timed back to back onDYNEGY-ICE VOL Jun5.xlsx, main's CLI took 33.1 s and 49.3 s and this branch's took 23.6 s and 42.6 s, so the timeouts come from the load, not from this branch.The earlier 20 + 20-workbook comparison and the 11 fleet reports are not available to re-measure this round, so their numbers are removed.
Docs
docs/function-parity.md: headerChange:line, the "Implicit intersection@, legacy CSE array formulas" row, and a history row (68,964 → 49,866 differing cells on the corpus above). No function counts change.docs/file-format-parity.md: headerChange:line, the.xlsxrow, and a history row. On main the.xlsxrow appears three times (the Parity: XLSX › threaded comments and persons parts round trip #300, Parity: Review › Protect › Allow Edit Ranges (review.allowEditRanges) #307 and Parity: XLSX › keep unmodelled parts on save (pass-through) #330 merges each kept their own copy); this PR leaves main's rows as they are and adds the legacy/cmsentence to the first one (the one with the pass-through list).docs/decisions.md: the Non-spilling array formulas are saved without the dynamic-array flag (cm), so Excel applies implicit intersection:SUM(A1:A20*B1:B20)becomes#VALUE!#64 section said import-side interpretation was "separate work". It now describes the reader, the writer's legacy outcome andFunctionInfo.Interactions with other PRs
#419, #418, #420, #421, #422 and #423 have since been merged into main; this branch is rebased on them:
XlsxKind):write_xlsx_as(wb, kind)keeps its signature; the newwrite_xlsx_with(wb, kind, functions)is what the engine calls withXLSX_FUNCTIONS, andwrite::write_xlsx(wb, kind, functions)takes the function facts.Legacy::nodetreatsUnOp::Trim(_)as a reference operator, like#.Open PR #464 (formulas into linked workbooks) conflicts with this branch in
crates/xlsx/src/array_formula.rsanddocs/file-format-parity.md: it adds a linked-range case to the oldScan, which this branch replaces. Merge this PR first; #464 is then rebased onto it, taking this branch'sarray_formula.rs, whose analysis treats a linked range like a local one. @xmaks82 tested that resolution: linked legacy formulas still save as legacy, the xlsx, formula, calc, model and engine tests pass, and over 253 workbooks the mismatches go from 2,860 on main to 360 with both PRs.Not done
FormulaEvalTestData_Copy.xlsxmismatches are not investigated here..xls(BIFF8) import (XLSX/IO: read legacy .xls (BIFF8) workbooks (#121) #332) are all legacy, but they do not go through this classification yet.Checked in Excel
cmspill instead of implicitly intersecting #410. The fixture has 20 × 20 legacy formulas=IFERROR(Gesamtkosten/Gesamt_EH*$G2*Tage/365,0)over whole-column names, as plain<f>withoutcm. After a round trip through 0.6.1, every cell is saved as a one-cell array formula with a cached#VALUE!; Excel 365 then grows to 19 GB in 7 s, the 5 × 5 version crashes it, and a real 0.4 MB workbook with the same pattern ran for 17 minutes. With this branch, the round trip keeps plain<f>…</f>, H2 caches 4.109589041095891 (the implicit-intersection value), and Excel 365 opens both fixtures in 0.4–0.6 s. Rechecked with this round's CLI (gridcraft-cli converton both fixtures): every formula is still a plain<f>…</f>, with nocm,t="array"or_xlfn.SINGLE, and H2 caches 4.109589041095891.CalculateFull. Saved by this branch (8f9d588), both open in 0.07–0.37 s at 134–140 MB, with H2 = 4.109589 and no array or error cells, as the originals. Saved by main (0.7.0), the 20 × 20 fixture takes 15.5 s and 8.9 GB to open (peak 20.5 GB) with H2#VALUE!and 1,219 array cells, and the 5 × 5 fixture shows H2 = 0 with no error. Pre-dynamic-array Excel reads this branch's output as ordinary legacy formulas; nothing shows as{=…}.950534e(comment) with the Non-spilling array formulas are saved without the dynamic-array flag (cm), so Excel applies implicit intersection:SUM(A1:A20*B1:B20)becomes#VALUE!#64 fixtures.gc_sumproduct_if_da.xlsxkeepscmon both of its dynamic-array cells (main keeps it on 1 of 2), and after a full recalculation Excel shows A3 = 210, A5 = 300 and A7 = 7, with the formulas as entered. The file saved by main shows#VALUE!in A3, where Excel reads=SUMPRODUCT(IF(ISERROR(@L3:O3),0,L3:O3),L$9:O$9).gc_legacy_to_array_small.xlsxsaves with 0 array formulas (main: 25) and opens normally with H2 = 4.109589. Legacy formulas withoutcmspill instead of implicitly intersecting #410'sgc_implicit_intersection.xlsxrow 9 is 450, 1800, 901, 5500, 900 (main: 450, 200, 101, 5500,#SPILL!). The other fixtures from their reports (fix(xlsx): saving resets the default font (Normal style) to 11 pt, shrinking every default-font cell and moving page breaks #805, fix(xlsx): this-row structured references are saved as [@Col], so Excel repairs the file and removes the tables #864, Calc: text-to-number and text-to-date coercion always uses en-US separators; a German workbook gets#VALUE!or silently 1000× values #889, Calc: SORT/SORTBY (and the order of UNIQUE results) compare text by code point; Excel uses locale collation (hyphens ignored,_before digits, accented letters with their base letter) #890, XLSX: a picture shared by several sheets is written once per sheet (one media part becomes N copies) #985, XLSX save: a carriage return in cell text is written as a raw CR, so Excel (and GridCraft itself) reads it back as a line feed #1488–Calc: the spill operator on a dynamic-array formula that currently returns one value gives #REF! (ROWS(C1#), SUM(C1#)) #1491) are unchanged.main, at88abbf8(comment): the same results as on950534e, ingridcraft-cliand in Excel 365.gc_sumproduct_if_da.xlsxkeepscmon 2 of 2 cells (main f1894c6: 1 of 2) and shows A3 = 210, A5 = 300, A7 = 7.gc_legacy_to_array_small.xlsxsaves 0 array formulas (main: 25) and opens normally with H2 = 4.109589. Legacy formulas withoutcmspill instead of implicitly intersecting #410 row 9 is 450, 1800, 901, 5500, 900 (main: 450, 200, 101, 5500, #SPILL!). Their other nine reports are unchanged.5e67a11(review, source reading plus the hostedcargo xtask ci). His review covers the reader and writer analysis inarray_formula.rs, how the function facts are passed throughengine/io.rswithout a new crate dependency, theSINGLEchanges and the tests. He found nounwrap/expect/indexing in the new code, nesting and node counts bounded, and the cases the analysis can't finish falling back to the formula as read, with no spill.Unverified: needs confirmation in Excel
cmon save.@come from Microsoft's public docs ("Implicit intersection operator: @", Formula vs. Formula2) and from cached values in the test corpora. They do not come from an exhaustive comparison of every function's parameter types.Review
Seven adversarial review rounds ran on this branch, each by a separate reviewer agent that had not written the code.
Round 1 led to these changes (commit
8f9d588):SQRT(A1:A3)no longer saves_xlfn.SINGLE+cm: an implied@whose range an edit made one cell is still dropped (implied_intersection_made_redundant_by_an_edit_saves_legacy).@are kept (({1,2}+1),(((MYUDF(A1)*2)))).Round 2 led to these changes (commits
f21939aandcbe7abc):@of a single value is no longer dropped. Built-ins that return arrays but were analysed as scalar (MUNIT, TEXTSPLIT, REGEXEXTRACT mode 1, TRIMRANGE, FILTERXML, MODE.MULT) went legacy and spilled on reopen. Now such an@stays_xlfn.SINGLEin the legacy formula, as Excel Online and EPPlus write it. The array-result list now covers every function the library reports as returning several values; an engine test finds them by calling the whole registry._xlfn.SINGLE(…)survives the round trip. The reader no longer marks the intersection of a union under an operator with@(a union given to a function keeps it, so it does not spill), and prints a spill reference's@without parentheses.UnionSpillIntersectionOperatorTest.xlsxandDefinedNameRelative.xlsxare back to 0 formula round-trip differences.@and no longer spills (ABS((×64 used to spill 1,2,3 and save withcm). Nesting now follows the parser's limit (256), so Excel-legal formulas with 64 nested functions and parenthesised arguments are analysed in full.SQRT(@A1)and@SUM(A1:A3)change nothing, and the claim that saving never addscm(now true for unfinished analyses and checked on a calculated workbook). The fleet-report and 20 + 20-workbook numbers are replaced with a re-run of the 4,224-workbook corpus.cbe7abc: once operator unions stopped getting@, a legacySQRT((A1:A2,C1:C2))spilled again and saved withcm(the review's uncalculated-workbook concern, this time for unions). A union given to a function's single-value parameter now keeps its implied@. The engine testlegacy_unions_names_and_parentheses_calculate_and_save_as_readchecks this on a calculated workbook and fails without the fix. The full 4,224-file corpus figures above were measured onf21939a(cd /tmp/gc-corpus2 && .venv/bin/python run.py <cli> results-417-f21939a; the 6 files that timed out under load were rerun withGC_TIMEOUT=600 GC_JOBS=2).cbe7abcwas rerun on the 8 affected corpus files (UnionSpillIntersectionOperatorTest, DefinedNameRelative, Trimfunctions, HS_WESTminusPA, both FormulaEvalTestData_Copy, DynamicArrayFixture, StructuredReferences). Calc mismatches and formula round-trip differences are identical tof21939a, and none is worse than main.Round 3 led to these changes (commits
2816406andb3503b7), checked by the test named here. The test fails oncbe7abc: run there (in a separate worktree, with a copy restricted to the two deep formulas) it fails at the first one-cell-range formula, and the copy fails atABS(×254A1:A3%(cargo test -p gridcraft-engine --test legacy_array_functions -- one_cell nesting_limit_only).B1:B1,$B$2:$B$2) counted as possibly several cells in the whole formula once it had any@. So the legacySQRT(A1:A3)+B1:B1,A1:A3*B2:B2andSQRT(A1:A3)+$B$2:$B$2were saved withcmand_xlfn.SINGLE. Now only a range (or name) that an@applies to directly counts as one an edit may have shrunk; name kinds are cached separately for that case. All three save as read (one_cell_ranges_and_formulas_at_the_nesting_limit_save_as_read).@, and leaves the formula as read when neither fits. SoABS(×254-A1:A3no longer saves a literal@into the file. When the writer's analysis of a formula cannot finish, it saves the text the formula was read from if the reader maps that text to exactly this formula (it tries the formula without its whole-formula@, then without every@). SoABS(×254A1:A3%saves as read withoutcmor_xlfn.SINGLE. Remaining caveat: see Limits.b3503b7with the full corpus (cd /tmp/gc-corpus2 && GC_TIMEOUT=600 .venv/bin/python run.py <cli> results-417-b3503b7, compared withresults-main-84acf62): all 4,224 files ok. Calc mismatches 68,964 -> 49,866, 25 files fewer and none more. Files with formula round-trip differences: 1 -> 1 (Trimfunctions, as on main). The KNUFFIXX fixtures still save plain<f>with nocm, and H2 = 4.109589041095891.Round 4 led to these changes (commit
09795b3):@applied to the name. So names such asNC = CHOOSE(Sheet1!$B$1:$B$1,…)andNI = IF(Sheet1!$B$1:$B$1>0,…)made the legacySQRT(NC),SQRT(NI),NC+1andNI*2save withcmand_xlfn.SINGLE. Now that rule reaches into a definition only when the definition is itself a reference or a name. All four save as read (added toone_cell_ranges_and_formulas_at_the_nesting_limit_save_as_read, which fails onb3503b7). On a plain convert, the reviewer's 27-formula name probe otherwise saves exactly as onb3503b7; after an edit it did not (round 5).cbe7abc" claim was run.reads_back, added in round 3) costs extra CPU on open, a few percent. On a generated 50,000-formula workbook (10,000 rows ofSQRT($A$1:$A$10000)*2,IFERROR($A$1:$A$10000/B1,0),ABS(…)+C1,SUM(…)+A1,ROUND(…*1.5,1);/usr/bin/time -p gridcraft-cli info perf50k.xlsx, five runs alternating), the round-5 reviewer measured a median user time of 1.63 s oncbe7abc(before the check) and 1.68 s on09795b3at a load of about 7 to 15, about +3%, with09795b3slower in every pair. My rerun onc31abc9at a load of 13 to 20 gave medians of 2.06 s on both, with runs ranging from 1.60 s to 5.06 s, so it cannot resolve 3%. Main84acf62took 30.05 s (reviewer) and 49.14 s (mine, loaded) on the same file, because every formula spills 10,000 rows.09795b3: fmt, clippy-p gridcraft-xlsx -p gridcraft-engine --all-targets -D warnings, and the tests for both crates. The KNUFFIXX fixtures still save plain<f>with nocm, and H2 = 4.109589041095891. No corpus rerun: the change only affects names analysed under an@.Round 5 led to these changes (commit
c31abc9):PM = (Sheet1!$A$1:$A$3),NCH = CHOOSE(1,Sheet1!$A$1:$A$3,Sheet1!$B$1:$B$3)) saved its@as_xlfn.SINGLE(PM)/_xlfn.SINGLE(NCH). Main andb3503b7saveSQRT(PM)andSQRT(NCH). The writer now analyses an@on a name or range normally first. If that does not imply the@and the operand is a single value, it reanalyses with every one-cell range counted as possibly several cells, and keeps the second analysis only when it implies the@. SoSQRT(NCH),SQRT(PM), and names through another name, IF's results and CHOOSE's choices save as legacy after the edit, whileNC = CHOOSE(Sheet1!$B$1:$B$1,…)andNI = IF(Sheet1!$B$1:$B$1>0,…)still save as read on a plain convert. Test:names_shrunk_by_deleting_rows_save_as_legacy(engine). It fails on09795b3'sarray_formula.rsatSQRT(NCH)._xlfn.SINGLEof any name whose result is a one-cell range written as a range is now dropped wherever an@would be implied. On09795b3, this happened only for a name that is itself such a range (RONE) or another name. Now it also covers parentheses, CHOOSE's choices, IF's results, OFFSET, INDIRECT text and LET (SQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE(PONE))->SQRT(PONE), and the general rule above). Values are unchanged. Main saves these withcm.gridcraft-cli convertonc31abc9and on main for the reviewer's probes/tmp/rv5-417/x2.xlsxandc1.xlsx, and each output was reopened withgridcraft-cli cat --formulas. Main saves all 28 changedc1cells and all 5x2cells withcm. The reader-cost figure and the round-4 probe claim are corrected above.c31abc9with the full corpus (cd /tmp/gc-corpus2 && GC_TIMEOUT=600 .venv/bin/python run.py /tmp/rv-fix-417/gridcraft-cli-c31abc9 results-417-c31abc9, compared withresults-main-84acf62by summingreport.totals.mismatchedandroundTrip.categories.formulas.diffsper file): all 4,224 files ok. Calc mismatches went from 68,964 to 49,866: 25 files have fewer and none has more. The numbers are identical tob3503b7. Files with formula round-trip differences: 1 -> 1 (Trimfunctions, 8 on both). UnionSpillIntersectionOperatorTest.xlsx and DefinedNameRelative.xlsx have 0. The KNUFFIXX fixtures (/tmp/kx/*.xlsx, converted): 400 and 25 plain<f>, nocm, not="array", noSINGLEor@, and H2 = 4.109589041095891.c31abc9:cargo fmt --all -- --check,cargo clippy -p gridcraft-xlsx -p gridcraft-engine --all-targets -- -D warnings, andcargo test -p gridcraft-xlsx -p gridcraft-engine.Round 6 led to these changes (commit
950534e):@on a name or range that analysed as one value. For a name, that meant parsing and walking its whole definition a second time, even when the definition contained no one-cell range written as a range and the result could not change. The analysis now records whether it reached such a range, and caches that per name with the name's kind. The reanalysis runs only when it did. Output on the review probes is byte-identical toc31abc9, for bothconvertandhome.deleteRows 2:3: f1 and p2 from round 6, e1, c1, c2 and x2 from round 5, and n1, d1, s1 and x1 from round 4. Measured on/tmp/rv6-417/p2.xlsx(3,000 ×SQRT(_xlfn.SINGLE(BIG)), where BIG is a 3,000-term sum of single cells), with/usr/bin/time -lp gridcraft-cli convert p2.xlsx out.xlsxand five runs alternating the three builds. The machine load was 7 to 45, so instructions retired are the stable figure. They were 161.7–162.3 billion on09795b3, 213.6–214.5 billion onc31abc9and 161.4–162.3 billion on950534e. Median user time was 12.98 s, 15.09 s and 11.68 s.info(read and calculate only) retires about 109 billion instructions on all three, so the writer's share went from about 53 billion (09795b3) to 105 billion (c31abc9) and back to 53 billion (950534e)._xlfn.SINGLE: any operand whose result is a one-cell range written as a range, in any position where an@would be implied. The body also notes that an@of a one-cell range in a reference or array position now saves as read, withoutcm, where main writescm.950534e:cargo fmt --all -- --check,cargo clippy -p gridcraft-xlsx -p gridcraft-engine --all-targets -- -D warnings, andcargo test -p gridcraft-xlsx -p gridcraft-engine. The KNUFFIXX fixtures still save 400 and 25 plain<f>, with nocm,t="array",SINGLEor@, and H2 = 4.109589041095891. No corpus rerun: every probe's output is byte-identical toc31abc9, whose corpus figures are above.Round 7 (on
950534e, reviewingc31abc9..950534e) found nothing to change:c31abc9; main differs only where it writescm.convertandhome.deleteRows 2:3outputs of the round 4-6 probes (n1, d1, s1, x1, e1, c1, c2, x2, f1, p2) and the two round-7 probes are byte-identical toc31abc9(24 of 24, rerun independently of the reviewer). The KNUFFIXX fixtures still save 400 and 25 plain<f>, with nocm,t="array",SINGLEor@, and H2 = 4.109589041095891.950534e:cargo xtask cipassed all 8 steps (fmt, clippy, test, assets, layers, wasm, parity, keytips).mainf1894c6 (88abbf8). Onlydocs/file-format-parity.mdanddocs/function-parity.mdconflicted (the header lines, changelog rows and, infunction-parity.md, the implicit intersection row next to main's new row on clearing large ranges); both sides' rows are kept, newest first, and main's change is listed as "previously" in the header. An adversarial review of the merge against both parents found nothing; it also checked the code that merged without conflicts against main's new formula length and nesting limit (Formula parser: Excel's 8,192-character limit and postfix nesting (never crash) #1330) and the large-range clear recalculation (fix(edit): recalculate all changed cells after large-range clears #1128).cargo xtask cipasses all 8 steps on the merge.mainc30fa3f (5e67a11, Fix MEDIAN overflow for large finite middle values #1585: MEDIAN overflow). Conflicts:crates/calc/src/tests.rs(this PR'simplicit_intersection_operatortest and main'smedian_large_values_recalculate_dependentswere added at the same place; both are kept) anddocs/function-parity.md(the header line and changelog rows). An adversarial review found nothing; it checked the remerge diff and how the MEDIAN/AGGREGATE midpoint fix interacts with this PR, and rancargo test -p gridcraft-calc -p gridcraft-functions(186 passed).cargo xtask cipasses all 8 steps on the merge.main23829d8 (5729501). Onlydocs/file-format-parity.mdconflicted (its header line and changelog rows): it keeps main's single header line with this PR's change listed first, and both sides' rows. An adversarial review of the merge against both parents found nothing.cargo xtask cipasses all 8 steps on the merged head.docs/decisions.mddescribed the fallback for analysis that can't finish wrongly. Changed (ea3002b): it now separates the three casesarray_formula::exporthandles. A formula whose array behaviour isn't known getscm. One without an explicit@that can't be analysed to the end is saved as read, withoutcm. One with an explicit@is saved as the legacy text that reads back to it, or withcmwhen there is none. An adversarial review of the wording against the code found one more overstatement, which is fixed in the same commit; a second pass found nothing.ea3002b(review), from re-reading it against the current base (legacy array formula import and export, the regression tests, the fallback wording indocs/decisions.md) and the hostedcargo xtask ci; no local tests.main06920de (1a8fe2b; head d342612). Conflicts:crates/xlsx/src/array_formula.rs,crates/xlsx/src/write.rs,crates/xlsx/src/sheet_write.rs,crates/engine/src/io.rs(this PR's function-aware implicit-@analyzer combined with main's book-name writer and oversized-part diagnostics),crates/calc/src/tests.rs,crates/xlsx/src/tests/fixtures.rs,docs/file-format-parity.md,docs/function-parity.md. Follow-up 65b7a90 ports main's scanner fixes into this PR's analyzer: flat operator chains walked iteratively with a 16,384-node budget (fix(formula): a flat chain of more than 400 operands (=A1+A2+…) returns #CALC! #916), INDEX/MATCH kept scalar (XLSX save: a legacy INDEX(…, MATCH(…)) formula is written back as a dynamic-array formula (cm="1", t="array") #1505),parse_namefor name unions (fix(calc): a defined name that refers to several ranges gives #NAME?, and Define Name rejects it #728),unquote_sheet(Sheet references: names like.x,R1C1orA1are left unquoted; Excel can't open the saved file #1458). It also fixesN()array handling, found by an engine regression test. Main's regression tests for these pass. Adversarial review of the merge: revision-row order, fixed in d342612.cargo xtask cipasses all 8 steps on d342612.Summary by CodeRabbit
@), including row and column references, array results, and nested functions.