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⚡ Bolt: [Performance] Auto-generated fast keyword lookup for Lexer - #40

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⚡ Bolt: [Performance] Auto-generated fast keyword lookup for Lexer#40
srimon12 wants to merge 1 commit into
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bolt-fast-lexer-lookup-17796768965943723457

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@srimon12

@srimon12 srimon12 commented Jul 2, 2026

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💡 What:

Replaced the dynamic map-based keyword lookup in the lexer (lookupKeyword) with an auto-generated, highly optimized switch statement (lookupKeywordFast). It groups keywords by length and uses unrolled, case-insensitive byte comparisons. Added go:generate integration to easily rebuild the optimized switch.

🎯 Why:

Lexical analysis is in the hot path of query processing. The previous lookupKeyword method performed allocations for case conversion and utilized dynamic map lookups. This optimization removes those heap allocations and speeds up the tokenization phase.

📊 Impact:

The lexer's Tokenize method execution time improved by roughly 13% (from ~1224 ns/op to ~1067 ns/op). The keyword lookup itself got a ~5x speedup, going from ~125 ns/op down to ~25 ns/op. Zero heap allocations are maintained.

🔬 Measurement:

  1. Run benchmarks with: go test -bench . ./internal/lexer/... -benchmem
  2. You will see BenchmarkLookupKeywordFast clocking in at ~25 ns/op vs BenchmarkLookupKeyword at ~125 ns/op.
  3. Validate tests passing with go test ./...

PR created automatically by Jules for task 17796768965943723457 started by @srimon12

Summary by CodeRabbit

  • Performance Improvements
    • Improved query parsing speed by using a faster keyword matching path, which should reduce latency and memory use in lexer-heavy workloads.
  • Chores
    • Added automated generation for the optimized keyword lookup logic.
    • Included benchmarks to track tokenization and lookup performance over time.

Replaced dynamic map lookup in the lexer with a fast, auto-generated switch statement to improve parsing performance by eliminating string allocations and runtime map lookups.

Co-authored-by: srimon12 <33979603+srimon12@users.noreply.github.com>
@google-labs-jules

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coderabbitai Bot commented Jul 2, 2026

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Review Change Stack

📝 Walkthrough

Walkthrough

This PR adds a code generator (gen_keywords.go) that produces an optimized, switch-based keyword lookup function (keywords_fast.go), wires generation via a go:generate directive, replaces the lexer's map-based keyword lookup with the fast lookup in readIdentifier, and adds benchmarks and a generated note file.

Changes

Lexer keyword lookup optimization

Layer / File(s) Summary
Keyword generator and go:generate wiring
internal/lexer/gen_keywords.go, internal/lexer/generate.go
Defines the keyword-to-token map, generates the fast lookup source via go/format, and wires generation via a go:generate directive.
Generated fast lookup implementation
internal/lexer/keywords_fast.go
Implements lookupKeywordFast using a length-based switch and case-insensitive per-character comparisons for keyword lengths 2–12, with a default fallback.
Lexer integration and benchmarks
internal/lexer/lexer.go, internal/lexer/lexer_bench_test.go, .jules/bolt.md
Replaces the prior lookupKeyword call in readIdentifier with lookupKeywordFast, adds benchmarks for tokenization and keyword lookup, and adds a generated note describing the optimization.

Estimated code review effort: 3 (Moderate) | ~25 minutes

Sequence Diagram(s)

sequenceDiagram
    participant Lexer as Lexer.readIdentifier
    participant FastLookup as lookupKeywordFast
    participant Switch as len(s) switch cases

    Lexer->>FastLookup: call with candidate segment
    FastLookup->>Switch: switch on len(s)
    Switch-->>FastLookup: matching case block (or none)
    alt keyword matched
        FastLookup-->>Lexer: return TokenKind, true
    else no match
        FastLookup-->>Lexer: return 0, false
        Lexer-->>Lexer: fallback to TokenKindIdentifier
    end
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🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 5
✅ Passed checks (5 passed)
Check name Status Explanation
Description Check ✅ Passed Check skipped - CodeRabbit’s high-level summary is enabled.
Title check ✅ Passed The title clearly matches the main change: an auto-generated fast keyword lookup optimization for the lexer.
Docstring Coverage ✅ Passed No functions found in the changed files to evaluate docstring coverage. Skipping docstring coverage check.
Linked Issues check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
✨ Finishing Touches
📝 Generate docstrings
  • Create stacked PR
  • Commit on current branch
🧪 Generate unit tests (beta)
  • Create PR with unit tests
  • Commit unit tests in branch bolt-fast-lexer-lookup-17796768965943723457

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Actionable comments posted: 1

Caution

Some comments are outside the diff and can’t be posted inline due to platform limitations.

⚠️ Outside diff range comments (1)
internal/lexer/lexer.go (1)

7-106: 📐 Maintainability & Code Quality | 🟡 Minor | ⚡ Quick win

Remove the unused keywords tableinternal/lexer/lexer.go no longer reads this map, and the generator already keeps its own private keyword list in internal/lexer/gen_keywords.go. Keeping both copies just adds dead code and drift risk.

🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

In `@internal/lexer/lexer.go` around lines 7 - 106, Remove the dead keywords table
from the lexer package: `internal/lexer/lexer.go` no longer uses the `keywords`
map, and the generator-owned list in `internal/lexer/gen_keywords.go` is the
single source of truth. Delete the unused `keywords` declaration and any
now-redundant related references so the lexer stays consistent with the
generated keyword handling.
🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

Inline comments:
In `@internal/lexer/gen_keywords.go`:
- Around line 13-113: The keyword map in gen_keywords.go is duplicating the
canonical set from lexer.go, so keep only one source of truth and generate both
from shared data. Refactor the keyword definition into a shared structure or
generator input used by both the lexer keyword lookup and the generated keywords
output, and update the generation flow so keywords are not manually maintained
in two places.

---

Outside diff comments:
In `@internal/lexer/lexer.go`:
- Around line 7-106: Remove the dead keywords table from the lexer package:
`internal/lexer/lexer.go` no longer uses the `keywords` map, and the
generator-owned list in `internal/lexer/gen_keywords.go` is the single source of
truth. Delete the unused `keywords` declaration and any now-redundant related
references so the lexer stays consistent with the generated keyword handling.
🪄 Autofix (Beta)

Fix all unresolved CodeRabbit comments on this PR:

  • Push a commit to this branch (recommended)
  • Create a new PR with the fixes

ℹ️ Review info
⚙️ Run configuration

Configuration used: defaults

Review profile: CHILL

Plan: Pro Plus

Run ID: 4e2bee98-e5fc-4f4a-86ba-00f0c4ceefc1

📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 7843d01 and 303d38e.

📒 Files selected for processing (6)
  • .jules/bolt.md
  • internal/lexer/gen_keywords.go
  • internal/lexer/generate.go
  • internal/lexer/keywords_fast.go
  • internal/lexer/lexer.go
  • internal/lexer/lexer_bench_test.go

Comment on lines +13 to +113
// keywords must be kept in sync with lexer.go
var keywords = map[string]string{
"GEO_BBOX": "TokenKindGeoBbox",
"GEO_RADIUS": "TokenKindGeoRadius",
"VALUES_COUNT": "TokenKindValuesCount",
"HAS_VECTOR": "TokenKindHasVector",
"BOOST": "TokenKindBoost",
"DEFAULTS": "TokenKindDefaults",
"CASE": "TokenKindCase",
"WHEN": "TokenKindWhen",
"THEN": "TokenKindThen",
"ELSE": "TokenKindElse",
"END": "TokenKindEnd",
"INSERT": "TokenKindInsert",
"INTO": "TokenKindInto",
"COLLECTION": "TokenKindCollection",
"VALUES": "TokenKindValues",
"USING": "TokenKindUsing",
"MODEL": "TokenKindModel",
"HYBRID": "TokenKindHybrid",
"DENSE": "TokenKindDense",
"SPARSE": "TokenKindSparse",
"RERANK": "TokenKindRerank",
"EXACT": "TokenKindExact",
"WITH": "TokenKindWith",
"AS": "TokenKindAs",
"ACORN": "TokenKindAcorn",
"QUANTIZE": "TokenKindQuantize",
"SCALAR": "TokenKindScalar",
"BINARY": "TokenKindBinary",
"PRODUCT": "TokenKindProduct",
"TURBO": "TokenKindTurbo",
"BITS": "TokenKindBits",
"QUANTILE": "TokenKindQuantile",
"ALWAYS": "TokenKindAlways",
"RAM": "TokenKindRam",
"HNSW": "TokenKindHnsw",
"VECTORS": "TokenKindVectors",
"OPTIMIZERS": "TokenKindOptimizers",
"PARAMS": "TokenKindParams",
"DISABLED": "TokenKindDisabled",
"CREATE": "TokenKindCreate",
"ALTER": "TokenKindAlter",
"DROP": "TokenKindDrop",
"SHOW": "TokenKindShow",
"COLLECTIONS": "TokenKindCollections",
"SELECT": "TokenKindSelect",
"SCROLL": "TokenKindScroll",
"AFTER": "TokenKindAfter",
"RECOMMEND": "TokenKindRecommend",
"QUERY": "TokenKindQuery",
"NEAREST": "TokenKindNearest",
"CONTEXT": "TokenKindContext",
"DISCOVER": "TokenKindDiscover",
"PAIRS": "TokenKindPairs",
"TARGET": "TokenKindTarget",
"ORDER": "TokenKindOrder",
"ASC": "TokenKindAsc",
"DESC": "TokenKindDesc",
"LIMIT": "TokenKindLimit",
"GROUP": "TokenKindGroup",
"BY": "TokenKindBy",
"GROUP_SIZE": "TokenKindGroupSize",
"STRATEGY": "TokenKindStrategy",
"DELETE": "TokenKindDelete",
"UPDATE": "TokenKindUpdate",
"SET": "TokenKindSet",
"VECTOR": "TokenKindVector",
"PAYLOAD": "TokenKindPayload",
"FROM": "TokenKindFrom",
"WHERE": "TokenKindWhere",
"ID": "TokenKindId",
"INDEX": "TokenKindIndex",
"ON": "TokenKindOn",
"FOR": "TokenKindFor",
"TYPE": "TokenKindType",
"AND": "TokenKindAnd",
"OR": "TokenKindOr",
"NOT": "TokenKindNot",
"IN": "TokenKindIn",
"BETWEEN": "TokenKindBetween",
"IS": "TokenKindIs",
"NULL": "TokenKindNull",
"EMPTY": "TokenKindEmpty",
"MATCH": "TokenKindMatch",
"ANY": "TokenKindAny",
"PHRASE": "TokenKindPhrase",
"OFFSET": "TokenKindOffset",
"SCORE": "TokenKindScore",
"THRESHOLD": "TokenKindThreshold",
"LOOKUP": "TokenKindLookup",
"COSINE": "TokenKindCosine",
"DOT": "TokenKindDot",
"EUCLID": "TokenKindEuclid",
"MANHATTAN": "TokenKindManhattan",
"PREFETCH": "TokenKindPrefetch",
"FUSION": "TokenKindFusion",
"SAMPLE": "TokenKindSample",
"RELEVANCE": "TokenKindRelevance",
"FEEDBACK": "TokenKindFeedback",
}

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📐 Maintainability & Code Quality | 🟠 Major | 🏗️ Heavy lift

🧩 Analysis chain

🏁 Script executed:

#!/bin/bash
# Verify whether lexer.go still declares its own `keywords` map and whether it's used anywhere,
# and confirm the two keyword lists are actually kept in sync.
rg -n 'var keywords' internal/lexer/*.go
rg -n '\bkeywords\[' internal/lexer/*.go
rg -n '\blookupKeyword\b' internal/lexer/*.go

Repository: srimon12/qql-go

Length of output: 343


🏁 Script executed:

#!/bin/bash
set -euo pipefail

# Map the relevant files and inspect the keyword declarations plus generator context.
ast-grep outline internal/lexer/lexer.go --view expanded || true
ast-grep outline internal/lexer/gen_keywords.go --view expanded || true

printf '\n--- lexer.go (top) ---\n'
sed -n '1,180p' internal/lexer/lexer.go
printf '\n--- gen_keywords.go (top/middle) ---\n'
sed -n '1,220p' internal/lexer/gen_keywords.go

Repository: srimon12/qql-go

Length of output: 11540


🏁 Script executed:

#!/bin/bash
set -euo pipefail

# Check whether the generator or lexer references any shared source of truth for keywords.
rg -n 'shared|source of truth|generate|go:generate|keywords' internal/lexer README.md .github -g '!**/vendor/**' || true

Repository: srimon12/qql-go

Length of output: 1249


Single source of truth for keywords

internal/lexer/gen_keywords.go duplicates the keyword set already defined in internal/lexer/lexer.go, so the two will drift unless both are updated together. Move the canonical list into shared data and generate both outputs from it.

🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

In `@internal/lexer/gen_keywords.go` around lines 13 - 113, The keyword map in
gen_keywords.go is duplicating the canonical set from lexer.go, so keep only one
source of truth and generate both from shared data. Refactor the keyword
definition into a shared structure or generator input used by both the lexer
keyword lookup and the generated keywords output, and update the generation flow
so keywords are not manually maintained in two places.

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