[v636][Python] Add regression test for the exit-time crash of issue #23728 - #23856

Node.js 20 is deprecated. The following actions target Node.js 20 but are being forced to run on Node.js 24: actions/checkout@v4, astral-sh/ruff-action@v3. For more information see: https://github.blog/changelog/2025-09-19-deprecation-of-node-20-on-github-actions-runners/