VPS Security Audit Script

A comprehensive Bash script for auditing the security and performance of your VPS (Virtual Private Server). This tool performs various security checks and provides a detailed report with recommendations for improvements.

nuverlabs.com/vps-audit · a Nuver Labs project

Features

Security Checks

• SSH Configuration   - Root login status   - Password authentication   - Non-default port usage
• Firewall Status (UFW/firewalld/iptables/nftables)
• Intrusion Prevention (Fail2ban/CrowdSec) Configuration
  • Fail2ban SSH jail port alignment (catches bans that silently do nothing)
• Failed Login Attempts
• System Updates Status
• Running Services Analysis
• Open Ports Detection
• Sudo Logging Configuration
• Password Policy Enforcement (via pwquality.conf)
• SUID Files Detection

Performance Monitoring

• Disk Space Usage
• Memory Usage
• CPU Usage
• Active Internet Connections

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Requirements

• Ubuntu/Debian-based Linux system
• Root access or sudo privileges
• Basic packages (most are pre-installed):
  • ufw
  • systemd
  • netstat/ss
  • grep
  • awk

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Installation

1. Download the script:

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Nuver-Labs/vps-audit/main/vps-audit.sh
# or
curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Nuver-Labs/vps-audit/main/vps-audit.sh

2. Make the script executable:

chmod +x vps-audit.sh

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Usage

Run the script with sudo privileges:

sudo ./vps-audit.sh

The script will:

1. Perform all security checks
2. Display results in real-time with color coding:
   • 🟢 [PASS] - Check passed successfully
   • 🟡 [WARN] - Potential issues detected
   • 🔴 [FAIL] - Critical issues found
3. Generate a detailed report file: vps-audit-report-[TIMESTAMP].txt

Output Format

The script provides two types of output:

1. Real-time console output with color coding:

[PASS] SSH Root Login - Root login is properly disabled in SSH configuration
[WARN] SSH Port - Using default port 22 - consider changing to a non-standard port
[FAIL] Firewall Status - UFW firewall is not active - your system is exposed

2. A detailed report file containing:
   • All check results
   • Specific recommendations for failed checks
   • System resource usage statistics
   • Timestamp of the audit

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Customization

The script's behavior, file paths, and scoring limits are fully controlled by variables defined in the Configuration section at the top of the script file.

1. Dynamic Thresholds for PASS/WARN/FAIL Status

These variables define the numerical limits that trigger a WARN or FAIL status.

Variable	Default Value	Check	Description
RESOURCE_WARN	50	Resource Usage	WARN if Disk/Memory/CPU usage is between 50-80%.
RESOURCE_FAIL	80	Resource Usage	FAIL if Disk/Memory/CPU usage is more than 80%.
SERVICES_WARN	20	Running Services	WARN if between 20-40 services are running.
SERVICES_FAIL	40	Running Services	FAIL if more than 40 services are running.
LOGINS_WARN	10	Failed Logins	WARN if between 10-50 failed login attempts are detected.
LOGINS_FAIL	50	Failed Logins	FAIL if more than 50 failed login attempts are detected.
OPEN_PORTS_WARN	10	Open Ports	WARN if between 10-20 listening ports are found.
OPEN_PORTS_FAIL	20	Open Ports	FAIL if more than 20 listening ports are found.
PASSWORD_MINLEN	12	Password Policy	PASS if minlen in pwquality.conf is at least this value.

2. Report Output and Ownership

These variables control where the report is saved and the file permissions.

Variable	Default Value	Description
DEFAULT_REPORT_DIR	. (The current directory)	The directory where the report file will be saved.
ENABLE_CHOWN	false	If true, sets ownership of the report file and (if newly created) the report directory to REPORT_CHOWN_OWNER.
REPORT_CHOWN_OWNER	${SUDO_USER:-$(id -un)}:<their group>	The target user:group for chown. Defaults to the user who invoked sudo, so reports are not left owned by root.
REPORT_FILENAME	vps-audit-report-$(TIMESTAMP).txt	The template name for the generated report file.

3. Security Check File Paths

You can adjust the paths the script uses to check critical configuration files:

Variable	Default Value	Description
OS_RELEASE_FILE	/etc/os-release	Path to the Operating System release file.
REBOOT_REQUIRED_FILE	/var/run/reboot-required	File indicating a system restart is needed.
SSH_CONFIG_FILE	/etc/ssh/sshd_config	Main SSH daemon configuration file.
AUTH_LOG_FILE	/var/log/auth.log	Log file checked for failed login attempts.
SUDOERS_FILE	/etc/sudoers	File checked for sudo logging configuration.
PASSWORD_QUALITY_CONF	/etc/security/pwquality.conf	Password complexity policy configuration file.
FAIL2BAN_CONFIG_DIR	/etc/fail2ban	Fail2ban config directory, read to verify the SSH jail port.

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Best Practices

1. Run the audit regularly (e.g., weekly) to maintain security
2. Review the generated report thoroughly
3. Address any FAIL status immediately
4. Investigate WARN status during maintenance
5. Keep the script updated with your security policies

Limitations

• Designed for Debian/Ubuntu-based systems
• Requires root/sudo access
• Some checks may need customization for specific environments
• Not a replacement for professional security audit

Contributing

Feel free to submit issues and enhancement requests!

License

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.

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About

vps-audit is built and maintained by Nuver Labs.

• Project page: nuverlabs.com/vps-audit
• More from us: github.com/nuver-labs

Security Notice

While this script helps identify common security issues, it should not be your only security measure. Always:

• Keep your system updated
• Monitor logs regularly
• Follow security best practices
• Consider professional security audits for critical systems

Support

For support, please:

1. Check the existing issues
2. Create a new issue with detailed information
3. Provide the output of the script and your system information

Stay secure! 🔒