Solution

Dockerfile

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+# Build stage
+ARG PYTHON_VERSION=3.12
+FROM python:${PYTHON_VERSION} AS base
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+# Copy list of required packages to install
+COPY requirements.txt ./
+
+# Create venv
+RUN python -m venv venv
+
+# Install requirements using venv and upgrade pip
+RUN ./venv/bin/pip install --upgrade pip && \
+    ./venv/bin/pip install -r requirements.txt
+
+# Copy the application code into the container
+COPY accounts ./accounts/
+COPY api ./api/
+COPY lists  ./lists/
+COPY todolist ./todolist/
+COPY manage.py ./
+
+# Runtime stage
+FROM python:${PYTHON_VERSION}-slim
+WORKDIR /app
+
+# Set an environment variable for the runtime
+ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
+
+# Copy the built application and installed dependencies from the build stage
+COPY --from=base /app .
+
+# Run migration
+RUN ./venv/bin/python manage.py migrate
+
+# Expose port 8080 to the host
+EXPOSE 8080
+
+# Define the command to run the application
+CMD ["./venv/bin/python", "manage.py", "runserver", "0.0.0.0:8080"]

INSTRUCTION.md

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+# TodoApp — Docker Instructions
+
+## Docker Hub Repository
+
+The application image is available at:
+
+```
+https://hub.docker.com/repository/docker/nichelangeloo/todoapp/general
+```
+
+---
+
+## Dockerfile Overview
+
+The `Dockerfile` uses a **two-stage build**:
+
+- **Build stage** — installs Python dependencies into an isolated layer.
+- **Run stage** — copies only the installed packages and application code into a clean final image, keeping the image small.
+
+Key configuration:
+
+- `ARG PYTHON_VERSION` — parameterises the Python base image version (e.g. `3.14-slim`).
+- `ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1` — logs are written directly to stdout/stderr without buffering.
+- Database migrations are applied at build time via a `RUN python manage.py migrate` instruction.
+- The server is started with `python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8080` so it is reachable from outside the container.
+
+---
+
+## Building the Image Locally
+
+```bash
+# Build with the default Python version
+docker build -t todoapp:1.0.0 .
+
+# Or override the Python version explicitly
+docker build --build-arg PYTHON_VERSION=3.11-slim -t todoapp:1.0.0 .
+
+# Tag the image for Docker Hub
+docker tag todoapp:1.0.0 <username>/todoapp:1.0.0
+
+# Push the image to Docker Hub
+docker push <username>/todoapp:1.0.0
+```
+
+---
+
+## Running the Container
+
+```bash
+docker run -d \
+  --name todoapp \
+  -p 8080:8080 \
+  todoapp:1.0.0
+```
+
+| Flag             | Purpose                                       |
+| ---------------- | --------------------------------------------- |
+| `-d`             | Run in detached (background) mode             |
+| `--name todoapp` | Assign a human-readable name to the container |
+| `-p 8080:8080`   | Map host port 8080 to the container port 8080 |
+
+---
+
+## Accessing the Application
+
+Once the container is running, open your browser and navigate to:
+
+```
+http://localhost:8080
+```
+
+To verify the container is up:
+
+```bash
+docker ps
+docker logs todoapp
+```
+
+---
+
+## Stopping and Removing the Container
+
+```bash
+docker stop todoapp
+docker rm todoapp
+```