Smart contract for Public Procurement

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【Introduction of the smart contract for Public Procurement 】

• This is a smart contract in order to realize a highly transparent public procurement (tender & bid).
• Split a large contract into several small contracts. (and they are managed with NFTs)
  • in order to avoid a corruption by giving a large contract (many amount) into a large company.
    https://www.unodc.org/e4j/en/anti-corruption/module-4/key-issues/corruption-in-public-procurement.html
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  • By using blockchain for this issue,
    • Many small company get a opportunity.
    • Realize a highly transparent public procurement (tender & bid).

 

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【Workflow】

• ① A project is created by a project owner (e.g. Goverment, etc...)
  • smart contract publish NFTs for each project (bit & tender)

• ② Bidders submit proposal of conditions for a project owner.

• ③ Once a proposal is chosen, a project owner submit a contract agreement with a chosen bidder.
  • smart contract publish NFTs for each contract （in order to identify owner of each contracts） => Each NFT is associated with IPFS backed contract agreement.

• ④ A project owner (e.g. Goverment, etc...) deposit money for the best bidder.

• ⑤ Once a selected bidder's efforts is approved, deposited money is transferred into company. (Escrow) (All transaction process and financial flows are recorded. It is useful to do a financial investigation)

 

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Tech stack

• Solidity v0.6.12
• Truffle v5.1.52
• web3.js v1.2.1
• Node.js v11.15.0

 

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Setup

① Install modules

$ npm install

② Run ganache-cli

（Please make sure whether port number is 8545 or not）

$ ganache-cli

③ Compile & migrate contracts

$ npm run migrate:local

④ Test contracts (※ In progress)

$ npm run test:local

 

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【Remarks】

 

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【References】

• 3 major thematic areas (from the UNODC East Africa Blockchain Challenge)

  • Explanation
    https://gitcoin.co/issue/gitcoinco/web/7911/100024083
    https://www.unodc.org/easternafrica/en/what-we-do/anti-corruption/eastern-africa-youth-block-chain-challenge.html

  • Workshop
    https://www.crowdcast.io/e/unodc-blockchain/register

• 3 major thematic areas (Remarks)

  • Whistle blower protection
    https://www.unodc.org/e4j/en/anti-corruption/module-6/key-issues/whistle-blowing-systems-and-protections.html

  • Public Procurement（Public financial management）
    https://www.unodc.org/e4j/en/anti-corruption/module-4/key-issues/corruption-in-public-procurement.html

  • Financial Investigations
    https://www.unodc.org/unodc/ft-uncac/focus-areas/financial-investigations.html https://www.unodc.org/easternafrica/what-we-do/anti-corruption/financial-investigation.html https://www.unodc.org/southeastasiaandpacific/en/what-we-do/anti-corruption/topics/14-financial-investigations-nepal-bhutan.html