test(pulsar): speed up integration tests and reduce image footprint

[ANAMASGARD]

Overview

Closes #111.

This PR separates broker-independent unit tests from tests that require a real Pulsar broker. Unit tests now use focused mocks and run
without Docker, while real broker behavior is tested through Testcontainers under the integration build tag.

Changes

• Add a shared Testcontainers-based Pulsar test broker.
• Upgrade the test image from apachepulsar/pulsar:2.11.0 to apachepulsar/pulsar:4.0.13.
• Disable the Pulsar functions worker and limit JVM memory for test containers.
• Use dynamically mapped broker and admin ports.
• Add explicit admin API and broker-port readiness checks.
• Add bounded container logs on startup failure and idempotent cleanup.
• Move broker-independent producer and consumer coverage to focused mock unit tests.
• Keep publish/subscribe, redelivery, DLQ, retry, and admin API behavior as integration tests.
• Migrate the exported PulsarTestSuite to the shared Testcontainers implementation.
• Preserve AppPortStart and AdminPortStart, updating them with the resolved host ports during setup.
• Remove duplicated Docker shell scripts and obsolete port-process cleanup code.
• Update CI to Go 1.24.1, matching go.mod.
• Run Docker-free unit/race/coverage checks separately from a single integration-test job.
• Document the unit, integration, Docker, and rootless Podman workflows.

Result

• go test ./... no longer requires a Docker daemon.
• PR CI needs to start and pull Pulsar only for the integration-test job.
• The replacement Pulsar image is approximately 464 MB unpacked locally, compared with approximately 1.5 GB for the previous image.
• Dynamic port mapping avoids collisions between concurrent test environments.

Compatibility note

PulsarTestSuite.AppPortStart and AdminPortStart remain publicly available for source compatibility. Testcontainers now selects
collision-free ports and replaces these fields with the resolved host ports during SetupSuite; values assigned before setup no longer
control port selection.

Verification

DOCKER_HOST=unix:///definitely-does-not-exist \
  go test ./... -count=1

go test -race ./... -count=1
go build ./...
go vet ./...

go test -tags=integration -p=1 -timeout=5m \
  ./pulsar/connector ./pulsar/test -count=1

go test -tags=integration -p=1 -timeout=15m \
  ./pulsar/connector ./pulsar/test -count=3

go vet -tags=integration ./pulsar/connector ./pulsar/test

[coderabbitai]

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[matthyx]

Reviewed the Testcontainers migration, unit/integration split, cleanup paths, exported suite compatibility, and CI wiring. No blocking findings. Verified locally at 0b92789 with go test ./..., go test -race ./..., go vet ./..., go mod tidy -diff, and the tagged Pulsar integration suites.