ESP-IDF LD2410C Driver

ESP-IDF driver component for the HLK-LD2410C human presence sensing radar module.

Features

• Full implementation of LD2410C serial communication protocol V1.07
• Low-level command functions with manual configuration mode control
• High-level convenience wrappers for common operations
• Data frame reader and parsers for target detection and engineering data
• Support for all distance gates (0-8)
• Configurable sensitivity for moving and stationary targets
• Background noise detection and auto-calibration
• Light-sensing auxiliary control for OUT pin
• Multiple baud rate support (9600 - 460800)
• Two distance resolution modes (0.75m and 0.20m)

Hardware Specifications

• Default UART Settings: 256000 baud, 8N1, no flow control
• Interface: UART communication
• Detection Range: Up to 6 meters (configurable via distance gates)
• OUT Pin: Configurable presence detection signal

Installation

Add this component to your ESP-IDF project using the IDF Component Manager:

idf.py add-dependency "jef-sure/esp32-component-ld2410c"

Or manually add to your project's idf_component.yml:

dependencies:
  jef-sure/esp32-component-ld2410c: "^0.0.1"

Usage Example

#include "ld2410c.h"
#include "driver/uart.h"
#include "esp_log.h"

static const char *TAG = "example";

// Initialize UART
uart_config_t uart_config = {
    .baud_rate = 256000,
    .data_bits = UART_DATA_8_BITS,
    .parity = UART_PARITY_DISABLE,
    .stop_bits = UART_STOP_BITS_1,
    .flow_ctrl = UART_HW_FLOWCTRL_DISABLE,
    .source_clk = UART_SCLK_DEFAULT,
};

ESP_ERROR_CHECK(uart_driver_install(UART_NUM_1, 256, 0, 0, NULL, 0));
ESP_ERROR_CHECK(uart_param_config(UART_NUM_1, &uart_config));
ESP_ERROR_CHECK(uart_set_pin(UART_NUM_1, TX_PIN, RX_PIN,
                              UART_PIN_NO_CHANGE, UART_PIN_NO_CHANGE));

// Initialize LD2410C handle
ld2410c_handle_t *ld = ld2410c_init(UART_NUM_1, 1000);

// Read and parse target data
uint8_t buf[64];
size_t len;
if (ld2410c_read_data_frame(ld, buf, sizeof(buf), &len) == ESP_OK) {
    ld2410c_target_data_t target;
    if (ld2410c_parse_target_data(buf, len, &target) == ESP_OK) {
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "State: %d, Moving: %d cm, Stationary: %d cm",
                 target.state, target.moving_distance_cm,
                 target.stationary_distance_cm);
    }
}

// Configure sensitivity (requires enable_config/end_config)
ld2410c_enable_config(ld);
ld2410c_set_gate_sensitivity(ld, 0, 50, 50); // Gate 0, mov=50, stat=50
ld2410c_end_config(ld);

// Or use the high-level wrapper
ld2410c_configure_detection(ld, 8, 8, 5, 50, 50);

// Cleanup
ld2410c_deinit(&ld);

See the example for a complete working demonstration.

API Documentation

The driver provides three levels of API:

Lifecycle

• ld2410c_init() - Allocate and initialize a driver handle
• ld2410c_deinit() - Free the handle and NULL the pointer

Low-Level Commands

Require manual ld2410c_enable_config() / ld2410c_end_config() wrapping:

• ld2410c_set_max_gate_and_duration() - Set detection range and no-one timeout
• ld2410c_read_params() - Read current configuration parameters
• ld2410c_set_gate_sensitivity() - Configure per-gate sensitivity
• ld2410c_set_all_gate_sensitivity() - Uniform sensitivity for all gates
• ld2410c_enable_engineering_mode() / ld2410c_disable_engineering_mode()
• ld2410c_read_firmware_version() - Read firmware version
• ld2410c_set_baud_rate() - Change UART baud rate
• ld2410c_factory_reset() / ld2410c_restart()
• ld2410c_set_bluetooth() / ld2410c_get_mac_address() / ld2410c_set_bluetooth_password()
• ld2410c_set_distance_resolution() / ld2410c_get_distance_resolution()
• ld2410c_set_aux_control() / ld2410c_get_aux_control()
• ld2410c_start_noise_detection() / ld2410c_query_noise_detection_status()

High-Level Wrappers

Automatically handle configuration mode:

• ld2410c_configure_detection() - Set range, timeout, and sensitivity in one call
• ld2410c_get_firmware_string() - Read firmware version as a formatted string
• ld2410c_get_full_config() - Read all parameters and resolution
• ld2410c_factory_reset_and_restart() - Reset and restart in one call
• ld2410c_auto_calibrate() - Run noise calibration and block until complete

Data Frame Reader & Parsers

• ld2410c_read_data_frame() - Read a raw data frame from UART
• ld2410c_parse_target_data() - Parse basic target detection data
• ld2410c_parse_engineering_data() - Parse detailed engineering mode data

Requirements

• ESP-IDF v5.0 or higher
• UART peripheral
• GPIO for OUT pin monitoring (optional)

License

MIT License - see LICENSE file for details.

Author

Anton Petrusevich anton.petrusevich.mobile@gmail.com

References

• HLK-LD2410C Product Page
• Protocol Version: V1.07