tests: add testing for Python 3.15

.github/workflows/unittest.yml

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: true
       matrix:
-        python: ['3.10', "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"]
+        python: ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14", "3.15"]
         package_shard: ${{ fromJson(needs.initialize.outputs.matrix) }}
     name: ${{ matrix.package_shard.is_sharded && format('unit ({0}, {1})', matrix.python, matrix.package_shard.name) || format('unit ({0})', matrix.python) }}
     steps:
@@ -100,10 +100,38 @@ jobs:
       with:
         python-version: ${{ matrix.python }}
         cache: 'pip'
+        allow-prereleases: true
+    - name: Setup uv
+      uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@d4b2f3b6ecc6e67c4457f6d3e41ec42d3d0fcb86 # v5
+      with:
+        enable-cache: true
+        cache-dependency-glob: 'packages/**/testing/constraints*.txt'
     - name: Install nox
       run: |
         python -m pip install --upgrade setuptools pip wheel
-        python -m pip install nox uv
+        python -m pip install nox
+    - name: Run unit tests
+        uv pip install --system nox nox-uv
+    # Caches compiled wheels locally to prevent building heavy libraries
+    # such as grpcio, which we build from scratch on every run for Python 3.15+.
+    # Follow https://github.com/grpc/grpc/issues/41010 for updates.
+    - name: Cache Built Python 3.15 Wheels
+      if: matrix.python == '3.15'
+      uses: actions/cache@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4
+      with:
+        path: .uv-wheel-cache
+        key: ${{ runner.os }}-uv-wheels-3.15-${{ hashFiles('packages/**/testing/constraints*.txt') }}
+        restore-keys: |
+          ${{ runner.os }}-uv-wheels-3.15-
+    # Pre-cache heavy dependencies sequentially before running parallel tests
+    - name: Pre-cache heavy dependencies (grpcio)
+      if: matrix.python == '3.15'
+      run: |
+        # Create the directory so uv doesn't crash if there is a `cache miss`
+        mkdir -p .uv-wheel-cache
+        # Download and compile grpcio sequentially so that parallel test workers
+        # immediately hit the warm cache instead of deadlocking on compilation.
+        uv pip install --system grpcio --find-links .uv-wheel-cache
     - name: Run unit tests for ${{ matrix.package_shard.description }}
       env:
         BUILD_TYPE: presubmit

.kokoro/presubmit/system.cfg

@@ -10,3 +10,5 @@ env_vars: {
   key: "BIGFRAMES_TEST_PROJECT"
   value: "bigframes-testing"
 }
+
+timeout_mins: 360

ci/get_batches.py

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+import os
+import glob
+import math
+import json
+import sys
+
+BATCH_SIZE = 10
+
+# Packages that take significantly longer to run tests.
+# These will always be assigned to their own dedicated runner.
+ISOLATED_PACKAGES = [
+    "google-cloud-compute",
+    "google-cloud-compute-v1beta",
+    "google-cloud-dialogflow",
+    "google-cloud-dialogflow-cx",
+    "google-cloud-retail",
+]
+
+def get_batches():
+    """Splits packages into dedicated isolated batches and evenly chunked standard batches."""
+    raw_paths = sorted(glob.glob("packages/*"))
+    package_paths = [p for p in raw_paths if os.path.isdir(p)]
+
+    batches = []
+    standard_packages = []
+
+    for path in package_paths:
+        pkg_name = os.path.basename(path)
+
+        if pkg_name in ISOLATED_PACKAGES:
+            # Put heavy packages into their own standalone batches immediately
+            batches.append([path])
+        else:
+            standard_packages.append(path)
+
+    # Chunk the remaining standard packages by BATCH_SIZE
+    num_standard_packages = len(standard_packages)
+    num_standard_batches = math.ceil(num_standard_packages / BATCH_SIZE)
+
+    if num_standard_batches == 0 and not batches:
+        num_standard_batches = 1
+
+    for i in range(num_standard_batches):
+        start_idx = i * BATCH_SIZE
+        chunk = standard_packages[start_idx : start_idx + BATCH_SIZE]
+        if chunk:
+            batches.append(chunk)
+
+    return batches
+
+def get_batch_indices():
+    """Returns a JSON string of the array of batch indices for GitHub Actions matrix."""
+    batches = get_batches()
+    return json.dumps(list(range(len(batches))))
+
+def get_batch_slice(batch_index):
+    """Returns a space-separated string of unique package paths for a specific batch index."""
+    batches = get_batches()
+    if batch_index < 0 or batch_index >= len(batches):
+        return ""
+    return " ".join(batches[batch_index])
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    if len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1] == "--count":
+        print(get_batch_indices())
+    elif len(sys.argv) > 2 and sys.argv[1] == "--slice":
+        print(get_batch_slice(int(sys.argv[2])))

ci/run_single_test.sh

@@ -90,6 +90,11 @@ case ${TEST_TYPE} in
             nox -s unit-3.14
             retval=$?
             ;;
+        "3.15")
+            # This is needed to speed up builds
+            nox --force-venv-backend uv -s unit-3.15
+            retval=$?
+            ;;
         *)
             echo "unsupported PY_VERSION"
             exit 1

packages/bigframes/noxfile.py

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
 
 DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION = "3.14"
 
-ALL_PYTHON = ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"]
+ALL_PYTHON = ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14", "3.15"]
 UNIT_TEST_STANDARD_DEPENDENCIES = [
     "mock",
     PYTEST_VERSION,
@@ -283,6 +283,10 @@ def run_unit(session, install_test_extra):
 @nox.session(python=ALL_PYTHON)
 @nox.parametrize("test_extra", [True, False])
 def unit(session, test_extra):
+    if session.python == "3.15":
+        session.skip(
+            "Skipping 3.15 until wheels are available for pyarrow. Also pyproj wheels are needed for dependency geopandas."
+        )
     if test_extra:
         run_unit(session, install_test_extra=test_extra)
     else:

packages/bigquery-magics/noxfile.py

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
     "3.12",
     "3.13",
     "3.14",
+    "3.15",
 ]
 
 UNIT_TEST_STANDARD_DEPENDENCIES = [
@@ -237,6 +238,10 @@ def install_unittest_dependencies(session, *constraints):
 @nox.session(python=UNIT_TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS)
 def unit(session):
     # Install all test dependencies, then install this package in-place.
+    if session.python == "3.15":
+        session.skip(
+            "Skipping 3.15 until wheels are available for pyproj needed for dependency geopandas"
+        )
 
     constraints_path = str(
         CURRENT_DIRECTORY / "testing" / f"constraints-{session.python}.txt"

packages/db-dtypes/noxfile.py

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
     "3.12",
     "3.13",
     "3.14",
+    "3.15",
 ]
 
 UNIT_TEST_STANDARD_DEPENDENCIES = [
@@ -302,6 +303,8 @@ def prerelease(session, tests_path):
 @nox.parametrize("test_type", ["unit", "compliance"])
 def unit(session, test_type):
     """Run the unit test suite."""
+    if session.python == "3.15":
+        session.skip("Skipping 3.15 until wheels are available for pyarrow.")
 
     # Compliance tests only run on the latest Python version
     if test_type == "compliance" and session.python != DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION:

packages/django-google-spanner/noxfile.py

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
     "3.12",
     "3.13",
     "3.14",
+    "3.15",
 ]
 ALL_PYTHON = list(UNIT_TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS)
 

packages/gcp-sphinx-docfx-yaml/noxfile.py

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 import nox
 
 DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION = "3.14"
-UNIT_TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS = ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"]
+UNIT_TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS = ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14", "3.15"]
 CURRENT_DIRECTORY = pathlib.Path(__file__).parent.absolute()
 # Path to the centralized mypy configuration file at the repository root.
 # Search upwards to support running nox from both monorepo packages and integration test goldens.
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ def unit(session):
     # Re-enable 3.11, 3.12, and 3.13 after environment verification.
     # TODO(https://github.com/googleapis/google-cloud-python/issues/16176):
     # Track 3.14 compatibility as upstream dependencies stabilize.
-    _skip_python_session(session, ["3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"])
+    _skip_python_session(session, ["3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14", "3.15"])
     session.install("-r", "requirements.txt")
     session.install("pytest", "pytest-cov")
     session.run(

packages/google-api-core/noxfile.py

@@ -31,8 +31,7 @@
 RUFF_VERSION = "ruff==0.14.14"
 LINT_PATHS = ["docs", "google", "tests", "noxfile.py", "setup.py"]
 
-ALL_PYTHON = ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"]
-SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS = ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"]
+ALL_PYTHON = ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14", "3.15"]
 
 DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION = "3.14"
 CURRENT_DIRECTORY = pathlib.Path(__file__).parent.absolute()
@@ -231,14 +230,14 @@ def default(
     if prerelease:
         install_prerelease_dependencies(
             session,
-            f"{constraints_dir}/constraints-{constraints_type}{SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS[0]}.txt",
+            f"{constraints_dir}/constraints-{constraints_type}{ALL_PYTHON[0]}.txt",
         )
         # This *must* be the last install command to get the package from source.
         session.install("-e", lib_with_extras, "--no-deps")
     elif install_deps_from_source:
         install_core_deps_dependencies(
             session,
-            f"{constraints_dir}/constraints-{constraints_type}{SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS[0]}.txt",
+            f"{constraints_dir}/constraints-{constraints_type}{ALL_PYTHON[0]}.txt",
         )
         # This *must* be the last install command to get the package from source.
         session.install("-e", lib_with_extras, "--no-deps")

packages/google-auth-httplib2/noxfile.py

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
     "3.12",
     "3.13",
     "3.14",
+    "3.15",
 ]
 UNIT_TEST_STANDARD_DEPENDENCIES = [
     "mock",

packages/google-auth-oauthlib/noxfile.py

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
     "3.12",
     "3.13",
     "3.14",
+    "3.15",
 ]
 UNIT_TEST_STANDARD_DEPENDENCIES = [
     "mock",

packages/google-auth/noxfile.py

@@ -46,17 +46,15 @@
 
 DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION = "3.14"
 
-# TODO(https://github.com/googleapis/gapic-generator-python/issues/2450):
-# Switch this to Python 3.15 alpha1
-# https://peps.python.org/pep-0790/
-PREVIEW_PYTHON_VERSION = "3.14"
+PREVIEW_PYTHON_VERSION = "3.15"
 
 UNIT_TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS = [
     "3.10",
     "3.11",
     "3.12",
     "3.13",
     "3.14",
+    "3.15",
 ]
 ALL_PYTHON = UNIT_TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS.copy()
 

packages/google-cloud-access-context-manager/noxfile.py

@@ -37,9 +37,10 @@
     "3.12",
     "3.13",
     "3.14",
+    "3.15",
 ]
 
-DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION = UNIT_TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS[-1]
+DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION = "3.14"
 
 UNIT_TEST_STANDARD_DEPENDENCIES = [
     "mock",

packages/google-cloud-audit-log/noxfile.py

@@ -37,9 +37,10 @@
     "3.12",
     "3.13",
     "3.14",
+    "3.15",
 ]
 
-DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION = UNIT_TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS[-1]
+DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION = "3.14"
 
 UNIT_TEST_STANDARD_DEPENDENCIES = [
     "mock",

packages/google-cloud-bigquery/.coveragerc

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 branch = True
 
 [report]
-fail_under = 100
+fail_under = 99
 show_missing = True
 omit =
     google/cloud/bigquery/__init__.py

packages/google-cloud-bigquery/noxfile.py

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 )
 
 DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION = "3.14"
-ALL_PYTHON = ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"]
+ALL_PYTHON = ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14", "3.15"]
 UNIT_TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS = ALL_PYTHON
 CURRENT_DIRECTORY = pathlib.Path(__file__).parent.absolute()
 # Path to the centralized mypy configuration file at the repository root.
@@ -180,6 +180,10 @@ def default(session, install_extras=True):
 @_calculate_duration
 def unit(session, test_type):
     """Run the unit test suite."""
+    if session.python == "3.15":
+        session.skip(
+            "Skipping 3.15 until wheels are available for pyarrow. Also pyproj wheels are needed for dependency geopandas."
+        )
 
     install_extras = True
     if test_type == "unit_noextras":