docs(adr): expose the make gate triad in every repository (ADR-0044)

[bketelsen]

Summary

ADR-0044 widens ADR-0043's gate triad from "every Go repository" to every enrolled repository: make verify / make check / make ci are the only entry points CI, workers, reviewers, and the organization gate use, whatever the language; Node repositories' Makefiles wrap their npm scripts. Core's presence check loses its Node branch; Snowcat's instructions and skills drop "where it exists" / "npm run verify".

Why now: on 2026-08-24 a reviewer of core#118 ran make verify in core (Node, npm scripts only), got No rule to make target, fell back to the PR description, and returned a false block while the head's CI was green. Every consumer of the gate had grown a language branch; this removes the branch at the source.

Also: docs/README.md indexes the ADR; docs/design/quality-loop.md links it both ways (Verify bullet + References).

Follow-ups once accepted (queue work, not in this PR): Makefiles for frostyard/snowcat and frostyard/core; core#118's check drops its Node branch; snowcat#248 (reviewer instructions) and the conformance program text drop the conditional.

Risk tier

Risk tier: 1 — docs only (ADR + index + one design-doc link).

Docs housekeeping

• New doc started from docs/adr/TEMPLATE.md
• Indexed in docs/README.md
• Cross-links both ways (ADR → quality-loop; quality-loop → ADR; builds on ADR-0022/0043)
• New significant decision recorded as an ADR first, in this PR
• Conformance aliases (ADR-0029) untouched

Verification

• npm run check green (docs_index_coverage, link_integrity, symlink_resolution 1.000; organization authority valid; 26 tests)

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