[jt55401]

What this adds

American coot (Fulica americana): species record, U.S. activity curve, attribution and a species-local wetland behavior program.

Refs #583

Evidence and scope

GBIF resolves usage key 2474393 as accepted Fulica americana at species rank; iNaturalist resolves active species taxon 473. Both checked 2026-11-01. US is supported as native range. The submitted record adds this taxon only.

traits.mass_range_kg uses the sex-specific female and male ranges in Wikipedia, Description; mass_kg is the derived midpoint of those range midpoints, 0.62 kg. Length and wingspan use sourced range midpoints. Lifespan is the ADW account's 9-year average wild value, Lifespan/Longevity, lines 125-135. The adjacent 268-month value is linked separately to Bird Banding Laboratory and is treated as a maximum age, not the average. ADW gives no estimator or population for its average statement.

One value remains unsupported: seasonal.winter_fraction, required for PartialMigration. The CC BY-SA Wikipedia account, Distribution and habitat, says some populations migrate while others remain year-round where water stays open; it gives migration windows for temperate populations east of the Rockies, but no U.S.-wide resident share. GBIF/iNaturalist observations are not a population census. USGS BBL/AnAge provide maximum-age information, not this fraction. A licensed estimate for a defined U.S. population or a better-supported regional scope is needed. The record omits the value instead of guessing; validation reports MissingWinterFraction.

Activity and behaviour

Region US uses tier A iNaturalist place 1 (15,763 observations, all months; usable) and GBIF country US (4,833,955 total; usable), both filtered to CC0/CC BY. Combined monthly curve, Jan-Dec: 0.96, 0.82, 0.83, 0.58, 0.23, 0.20, 0.20, 0.24, 0.31, 0.65, 1.00, 0.90. The source queries and filters are recorded in the species record.

fsm-fulica-wetland-v1 walks shorelines, uses swim-gait feeding for aquatic plants and animal foods, flies from threats and rests at night. Active states exit to rest when is_day becomes false; rest exits to idle when day returns. The program has no month_in calendar. Migration varies across the U.S.; population-specific windows are recorded in the seasonal note and are not applied as a national behavior calendar. The format has no dive action, so underwater feeding is abstracted as swim-gait feeding.

Validate report

Tested commit: 00c40610e06a65c902a014d69c89b58b553f45ed.

• uv run tools/validate.py species/fulica-americana --write-attribution --report: 1 error, MissingWinterFraction; 1 warning, ADW CC-BY-NC-SA-3.0 on traits.lifespan_y only.
• uv run tools/validate.py --self-check: passed, 644 files scanned, 0 findings.
• uv run tools/validate.py --report: 1 error across 197 targets, the same missing value.
• uv run tools/validate.py --locale all --report: passed.
• CARGO_BUILD_JOBS=1 uv run --with pytest --with jsonschema pytest tools/tests -q: 347 passed, 8 skipped.
• Attribution regeneration left git diff -- species/fulica-americana empty.

Preview evidence

Inspected idle, walk, swim, fly and rest in the previewer. The block model reads as a dark, white-billed coot with a red bill marking; swim feeding is a simplified surface/dive representation, as noted above. Preview review does not establish live-scene acceptance.

Checklist

Species

• Checked current main and open PRs for the same taxon; claimed the issue
• Taxon identifiers and source claims checked at their providers
• Evidence locators, units/statistics and authored transformations documented
• Validate report has no errors; the sole failure is the named missing value above
• ATTRIBUTION.md regenerated and committed
• U.S. activity curve generated and query scope, counts, licence tier and usability inspected
• Regional seasonal fraction has licensed population evidence
• No unrelated shared record is changed
• All-species/all-locale validation passes on the submitted commit
• Every declared pose inspected
• The NC source is isolated to lifespan and justified below
• No private data, paths, hostnames or tokens in the diff
• One species in this PR

Non-CC0/CC-BY sources

Wikipedia is CC BY-SA 4.0 and supports the natural-history, morphology and seasonal claims listed in provenance. ADW's conditions page confirms its text is CC BY-NC-SA 3.0. I retained it only for the required 9-year average wild lifespan after checking GBIF/iNaturalist provider data, the USGS banding longevity material and permissively licensed natural-history accounts; the alternatives located supplied taxonomy, observation data or maximum ages, not a typical-wild average. The ADW attribution is preserved in ATTRIBUTION.md.

Remaining work

Find licensed evidence for the resident share of a defined U.S. population, then set seasonal.winter_fraction with its source and locator and rerun validation. The issue has needs-deeper-research until that value is supported.

[jt55401]

Hourly maintainer review: 00c4061

Disposition: held in draft for the missing winter-resident fraction. Targeted seasonal/lifespan source check only.

species/fulica-americana/species.json:seasonal.strategy=PartialMigration requires seasonal.winter_fraction, the population share staying for winter (species.schema.json:1006–1008). The cited Wikipedia, Distribution and habitat describes both migrants and year-round residents, but supplies no population fraction. Occurrence counts and the area of a range map cannot establish that demographic share. Retain the omission until there is an admissibly licensed estimate for a defined population, with its scope and derivation; an invented national fraction would not clear #583.

The nine-year value is directly stated in ADW, Lifespan/Longevity, with a wild-status label. Its text conditions link to CC BY-NC-SA 3.0, consistent with the isolated last-resort use. However, the adjacent 268-month entry is also labelled “Average lifespan / Status: wild” on ADW. Update provenance[traits.lifespan_y] and the PR/issue summary to acknowledge that conflicting label, and cite a separately verified maximum-age locator for the interpretation. The linked old BBL page returned 403 here, so I did not independently verify that maximum. ADW does not identify an estimator or population for its nine-year statement; retain that limitation.

Fresh focused validation/attribution: 1 MissingWinterFraction error, 1 NC warning, 34/34 provenance; attribution unchanged. Hosted validate fails at this SHA. Only the three new species files differ from current main. Identifiers, activity queries, executable behavior, repository-wide checks/tests and poses were not rerun for this targeted draft note. No merge or private/live acceptance.