feat: jobmanager token authentication

[cbartz]

Applicable spec:

Overview

Support HTTP Bearer Token authentication with the jobmanager and make it required.

Rationale

Communication with the jobmanager requires authentication.

Juju Events Changes

n/a

Module Changes

• charm state for parsing
• created a new module for interaction with the jobmanager api in the application and extracted the api interaction logic out of the jobmanager_provider
• this new module sets the HTTP Bearer Authentication header

Library Changes

n/a

Checklist

• The charm style guide was applied.
• The contributing guide was applied.
• The changes are compliant with ISD054 - Managing Charm Complexity
• The documentation for charmhub is updated.
• The PR is tagged with appropriate label (urgent, trivial, complex).
• The changelog is updated with changes that affects the users of the charm.

jobmanager support is still considered hidden feature, so there is no official documentation

[cbartz]

self-review

[yanksyoon]

Reviewed until srcs, tests pending.

[yanksyoon]

A minor comment on inheritance, thanks!

[yanksyoon]

LGTM, non-blocking nits, thank you!

[github-actions]

Test results for commit 9bef95b

Test coverage for 9bef95b

Wrote XML report to coverage/coverage.xml

Static code analysis report

Run started:2025-07-15 10:37:13.997946

Test results:
  No issues identified.

Code scanned:
  Total lines of code: 2021
  Total lines skipped (#nosec): 2
  Total potential issues skipped due to specifically being disabled (e.g., #nosec BXXX): 1

Run metrics:
  Total issues (by severity):
  	Undefined: 0
  	Low: 0
  	Medium: 0
  	High: 0
  Total issues (by confidence):
  	Undefined: 0
  	Low: 0
  	Medium: 0
  	High: 0
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