docs: add comprehensive architecture documentation and refactoring plan

[bakulev]

• Add detailed architecture.md explaining visualization and input processing systems
• Create refactoring_plan.md with step-by-step implementation guide
• Document advanced patterns for Makie separation and Bayesian physics simulation
• Update documentation structure to include new architecture sections
• Preserve reactive Observable architecture while enabling multi-platform support

This commit provides:

• Complete architectural overview with code examples
• 4-layer event processing system documentation
• Observable system deep dive with identification patterns
• Advanced patterns for Makie separation and portability
• Bayesian physics simulation with parameter learning
• Implementation timeline and benefits analysis

Pull Request

Description

Brief description of the changes in this PR.

Type of Change

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Documentation update
• Performance improvement
• Code refactoring

Testing

• I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works
• New and existing unit tests pass locally with my changes
• I have tested the changes manually

Checklist

• My code follows the style guidelines of this project
• I have performed a self-review of my own code
• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• I have made corresponding changes to the documentation
• My changes generate no new warnings
• Any dependent changes have been merged and published

Screenshots (if applicable)

Add screenshots to help explain your changes.

Additional Notes

Any additional information or context about the PR.

[bakulev]

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[bakulev]

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