YARN-12007. Avoid intermediate overflow in YARN unit conversion

[gerashegalov]

Description of PR

UnitsConversionUtil.convert can overflow during intermediate multiplication even when the final result fits in a long. For example, converting Long.MAX_VALUE from p to G returns 2 instead of 0, while converting 10000 from P to Pi throws instead of returning 8881.

Use checked long arithmetic for the common path and BigInteger when an intermediate overflows. Reject only a final result outside long. Zero values return before multiplication, after unit validation. This change does not alter compare.

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How was this patch tested?

• Targeted Maven tests for TestUnitsConversionUtil, TestResourceUtils, TestTimelineServiceHelper, and TestResourcePBImpl: 33 tests passed, no failures or errors.
• git diff --check passed.
• An independent arithmetic review checked all 225 unit pairs across 16,461 inputs with no mismatches.

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[hadoop-yetus]

🎊 +1 overall

Vote	Subsystem	Runtime	Logfile	Comment
+0 🆗	reexec	18m 50s		Docker mode activated.
			_ Prechecks _
+1 💚	dupname	0m 0s		No case conflicting files found.
+0 🆗	codespell	0m 0s		codespell was not available.
+0 🆗	detsecrets	0m 0s		detect-secrets was not available.
+1 💚	@author	0m 0s		The patch does not contain any @author tags.
+1 💚	test4tests	0m 0s		The patch appears to include 1 new or modified test files.
			_ trunk Compile Tests _
+1 💚	mvninstall	54m 48s		trunk passed
+1 💚	compile	1m 11s		trunk passed with JDK Ubuntu-21.0.12.1+1-1-24.04.4-Ubuntu
+1 💚	compile	1m 10s		trunk passed with JDK Ubuntu-17.0.20.1+1-1-24.04-Ubuntu
+1 💚	checkstyle	0m 56s		trunk passed
+1 💚	mvnsite	1m 13s		trunk passed
+1 💚	javadoc	1m 6s		trunk passed with JDK Ubuntu-21.0.12.1+1-1-24.04.4-Ubuntu
+1 💚	javadoc	1m 3s		trunk passed with JDK Ubuntu-17.0.20.1+1-1-24.04-Ubuntu
+1 💚	spotbugs	3m 1s		trunk passed
+1 💚	shadedclient	36m 26s		branch has no errors when building and testing our client artifacts.
-0 ⚠️	patch	37m 2s		Used diff version of patch file. Binary files and potentially other changes not applied. Please rebase and squash commits if necessary.
			_ Patch Compile Tests _
+1 💚	mvninstall	0m 44s		the patch passed
+1 💚	compile	0m 40s		the patch passed with JDK Ubuntu-21.0.12.1+1-1-24.04.4-Ubuntu
+1 💚	javac	0m 40s		the patch passed
+1 💚	compile	0m 42s		the patch passed with JDK Ubuntu-17.0.20.1+1-1-24.04-Ubuntu
+1 💚	javac	0m 42s		the patch passed
+1 💚	blanks	0m 0s		The patch has no blanks issues.
+1 💚	checkstyle	0m 24s		the patch passed
+1 💚	mvnsite	0m 46s		the patch passed
+1 💚	javadoc	0m 34s		the patch passed with JDK Ubuntu-21.0.12.1+1-1-24.04.4-Ubuntu
+1 💚	javadoc	0m 34s		the patch passed with JDK Ubuntu-17.0.20.1+1-1-24.04-Ubuntu
+1 💚	spotbugs	2m 43s		the patch passed
+1 💚	shadedclient	35m 59s		patch has no errors when building and testing our client artifacts.
			_ Other Tests _
+1 💚	unit	0m 58s		hadoop-yarn-api in the patch passed.
+1 💚	asflicense	0m 36s		The patch does not generate ASF License warnings.
		163m 52s

Subsystem	Report/Notes
Docker	ClientAPI=1.56 ServerAPI=1.56 base: https://ci-hadoop.apache.org/job/hadoop-multibranch/job/PR-8817/1/artifact/out/Dockerfile
Optional Tests	dupname asflicense compile javac javadoc mvninstall mvnsite unit shadedclient spotbugs checkstyle codespell detsecrets
uname	Linux 205b64940d51 5.15.0-190-generic #200-Ubuntu SMP Fri Aug 7 15:06:04 UTC 2026 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
Build tool	maven
Personality	dev-support/bin/hadoop.sh
git revision	trunk / 86e6c20
Default Java	Ubuntu-17.0.20.1+1-1-24.04-Ubuntu
Multi-JDK versions	/usr/lib/jvm/java-21-openjdk-amd64:Ubuntu-21.0.12.1+1-1-24.04.4-Ubuntu /usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64:Ubuntu-17.0.20.1+1-1-24.04-Ubuntu
Test Results	https://ci-hadoop.apache.org/job/hadoop-multibranch/job/PR-8817/1/testReport/
Max. process+thread count	591 (vs. ulimit of 10000)
modules	C: hadoop-yarn-project/hadoop-yarn/hadoop-yarn-api U: hadoop-yarn-project/hadoop-yarn/hadoop-yarn-api
Console output	https://ci-hadoop.apache.org/job/hadoop-multibranch/job/PR-8817/1/console
versions	git=2.43.0 maven=3.9.15 spotbugs=4.9.7
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