security: upgrade vulnerable dependencies and centralize version management

[chethann007]

Description

This PR remediates several security vulnerabilities by upgrading core libraries and centralizing version control in the root pom.xml.

Key Fixes:

• Upgraded Dependencies: Updated Jackson (2.17.2), Netty (4.1.128.Final), Snappy (1.1.10.7), SnakeYAML (2.2), and Logback (1.4.14).
• Dependency Management: Moved versions to a central dependencyManagement block to ensure consistency across all modules.
• Vulnerability Remediation: Added explicit exclusions for vulnerable transitive dependencies in cassandra-utils and service modules.