Intelligent Wi-Fi Router Placement Optimizer

Overview

A scientific web application designed to determine the optimal position for Wi-Fi routers within an indoor environment. Using algorithmic signal propagation modeling (Log-Distance Path Loss), the system simulates RF behavior accounting for wall attenuation, distance decay, and interference to maximize coverage and minimize dead zones.

Features

• Interactive Floor Plan Designer: Draw walls, windows, and doors with specific attenuation factors.
• Real-Time Signal Simulation: Instant heatmap generation based on router placement.
• Auto-Optimization Engine: Algorithmic search for the mathematically optimal router position.
• Scientific Visualization: Color-coded signal strength (Red > -30dBm to Blue < -90dBm).
• Configurable Hardware: Adjust Tx Power (dBm) and Frequency (2.4GHz / 5GHz).

Mathematical Models

1. Signal Propagation (Log-Distance Path Loss)

The core physical model used is the One-Slope Log-Normal Path Loss Model, adapted for indoor usage.

$$ RSSI = P_{tx} - L_0 - 10 \cdot n \cdot \log_{10}(d) - \sum L_{walls} $$

Where:

• $P_{tx}$: Transmit Power (dBm).
• $L_0$: Reference path loss at 1 meter (approx. 40dB for 2.4GHz).
• $n$: Path Loss Exponent (set to 2.0-3.0 for indoor environments).
• $d$: Euclidean distance between router and target point (meters).
• $L_{walls}$: Sum of attenuation from all obstacles intersecting the direct path (Ray Casting).

2. Wall Attenuation Factors

• Concrete Wall: 12 dB loss
• Wood Door: 6 dB loss
• Glass Window: 3 dB loss

3. Optimization Algorithm

The system employs a Grid Search Heuristic.

1. The floor plan is discretized into a coarse grid of candidate positions.
2. For each candidate $P(x,y)$, a simulation is run to calculate the global specific coverage score.
3. The score is determined by: $\sum (\text{valid_points} \times \text{weight}) - (\text{dead_zones} \times \text{penalty})$.
4. The position with the global maximum score is selected.

Technical Stack

• Frontend: HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript (ES6+).
• Rendering: HTML5 Canvas API for high-performance plotting.
• Styling: Bootstrap 5 + Custom Dark/Glassmorphism Theme.
• Logic: Pure Client-Side computation (ensures privacy and zero-latency).

How to Run

1. Open index.html in any modern web browser (Edge, Chrome, Firefox, Safari).
2. No installation required.
3. Use the sidebar to draw your room layout.
4. Right-click to place a router manually, or click Auto-Optimize to let the AI decide.

Future Scalability

• 3D Modeling: Extension to z-axis for multi-floor optimization.
• Genetic Algorithms: implementing GA for multi-router usage where the search space becomes combinatorial ($N^k$).
• Export: PDF generation for placement reports.