📡 Sonar Radar Scanner

An embedded 180° sonar radar scanning system built using an Arduino, an ultrasonic distance sensor mounted on a micro servo motor, an RGB visual indicator, and a piezo buzzer for multi-level proximity alerts.

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📌 Project Overview & Rules

• Continuous Radar Sweep: The servo motor smoothly rotates the ultrasonic sensor back and forth between 0° and 180°.
• Real-time Proximity Detection: The system continuously pulses the HC-SR04 sensor to measure distance to targets during every degree of rotation.
• Multi-Stage Alert Thresholds:
  • Safe Zone (> 40 cm): Green LED illuminates, Buzzer silent.
  • Caution Zone (10 cm – 40 cm): Purple/Magenta LED illuminates (Red + Blue), Low-pitch beep (100 Hz).
  • Warning Zone (< 10 cm): Red LED illuminates, High-pitch beep (500 Hz).

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🛠️ Hardware Setup & Assembly

Components Breakdown & Assembly

Unassembled Components	Assembled Circuit
All hardware parts prior to assembly	Complete circuit wired on breadboard

Component Pinout Map

Component	Quantity	Arduino Pin	Circuit Setup
Arduino Board	1	—	Main Microcontroller
Servo Motor	1	Pin 3	Signal wire (PWM, 500µs–2400µs)
RGB LED (G / R / B)	1	Pin 5 (G), Pin 4 (R), Pin 6 (B)	Series 220Ω resistors to GND (Common Cathode)
Piezo Buzzer	1	Pin 9	Audio feedback for distance states
HC-SR04 Sensor	1	Pin 10 (Trig), Pin 11 (Echo)	Ultrasonic distance measurement

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📸 Step-by-Step Detection Sequence

Proximity Detection States

Stage 1: Safe Zone (> 40 cm)	Stage 2: Caution Zone (10 cm – 40 cm)	Stage 3: Warning Zone (< 10 cm)
Green LED — No target detected	Purple LED — Target within range	Red LED — Immediate threat

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🚀 How to Run

1. Clone or download this repository.
2. Open sonar_scanner/sonar_scanner.ino in the Arduino IDE.
3. Connect your board via USB, select your board model (Tools > Board > Arduino Uno), and click Upload.