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Smile ≠ Happy

Auditing Emotion Recognition Bias Against Neurodiverse Individuals

Emotion recognition systems are increasingly used in hiring, education, and healthcare. However, most of these models are trained on neurotypical facial expressions, which can lead to systematic misclassification or exclusion of neurodivergent individuals, particularly those on the autism spectrum.

This project audits the fairness, robustness, and ethical risks of facial emotion recognition systems when applied to diverse expression styles and proposes a lightweight auditing protocol for more inclusive emotion AI.


Project Objectives

  • Evaluate how facial emotion recognition models generalize to neurodivergent expression patterns
  • Identify bias and failure modes using explainability and robustness analysis
  • Analyze whether model attention aligns with known neurodiverse expression traits
  • Propose a practical, ethics-driven auditing checklist for emotion AI systems

Models and Datasets

Datasets

  • RAF-DB
  • AffectNet
  • EmotioNet

Models Evaluated

  • FER+
  • DeepFace
  • EmotiEffLib

All evaluations are performed on unaltered, real-world images to reflect realistic deployment conditions.


Evaluation Methodology

Performance and Reliability

  • Top-1 and Top-k accuracy
  • Per-class F1-score
  • Expected Calibration Error (ECE)
  • Reliability diagrams

Explainability and Robustness

  • Grad-CAM for visual attention analysis
  • Occlusion sensitivity testing (eyes, mouth, nose regions)
  • Counterfactual explanations using LIME

Ethical Analysis

  • Qualitative analysis of attention patterns and decision logic
  • Alignment with EU Trustworthy AI guidelines
  • Identification of risks related to exclusion, misrepresentation, and misuse

Repository_structure:

  • data/
  • models/
  • explainability/
  • evaluation/
  • notebooks/
  • audit_checklist/
  • report/
  • README.md

Deliverables

  • Final report (PDF)
  • Reproducible evaluation and explainability code
  • Fairness auditing checklist for emotion recognition systems

Motivation

Emotion recognition models influence real decisions about people.
If a system cannot handle expression diversity, it should not be trusted in high-stakes settings.

This project focuses on auditing, explainability and accountability, not on building new emotion classifiers.

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