README.md

This project has been created as part of the 42 curriculum by lenivorb.

ft_printf

Description

ft_printf is a customized reimplementation of the <stdio.h> (standard input output) library printf function created as part of the 42 curriculum.

The goal of this project is to understand what's going on under the hood of the original printf

I decided to not use my libft and use another architecture instead.

Instructions

Include this library

#include "[path to dir]/ft_printf.h"

to use it in Your programms

cc [your flags] [your files] -L [path to library] -l ftprintf -o [your Program name]

or once You added it to your libft:

cc [your flags] [your files] -L [path to library] -l ft -o [your Program name]

Resources

The following resources were useful while working on this project:

Documentation

man pages

• man printf
• man <stdio.h>
• man <unistd.h>

makefile

• GNU make

common webpages

• Geeks for Geeks : https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/c/c-programming-language/
• stackoverflow : https://stackoverflow.com/questions
• wikiboks : https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/C\_Programming/
  • espacially: https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/C\_Programming/POSIX\_Reference/stdio.h

Tools

• cc for compilation
• make for build automation
• ar for creating the static library
• valgrind for memory checking
• custom test files for comparing original and ft_ behavior
• gdb for debugging
• codes testers:
  • tripouli tester:

AI usage

AI was not used at all :)

---

Structs

overview

• t_flags

define

t_flags

just important for the bonuses to count the flags for later process

typedef struct s_flags
{
    int     hash;
    int     wsp;
    int     plus;
}           t_flags;

---

how to use

available specifiers:

following specifiers are implemented:

mandatory

• %c put a character
• %s put a string
• %d put a decimal
• %i put an integer
• %u put an unsigned integer
• %x put a integer in hexadecimal (lowercase)
• %X put a integer in hexadecimal (uppercase)
• %p put a pointer adress (hexadecimal in lowercase)

additional

• %ld put a long
• %lu put an unsignedlong
• %zd put a ssize_t
• %zu put a size_t
• %lx put a long in hexadecimal (lowercase)
• %lX put a long in hexadecimal (uppercase)
• %zx put a ssize_t in hexadecimal (lowercase)
• %zX put a ssize_t in hexadecimal (uppercase)

available flags:

following flagss are implemented:

mandatory

• + put a + before a positive signed int/long/ssize_t
  overwrites whitespace
• put a (white space) before a positive signed int/long/ssize_t
• # put a 0x / 0X before a hexadecimal number
  overwrites whitespace

numbers of flags could be arbitary :)

---

available with ft_printf.h

the only function available with ft_printf.h

Function - overview

• ft_printf

Function - detail

ft_printf

• Params: const char *passed_line
• Return: void ... array of arguments
• Return: int wrt written characters
• NOTE: Not all specifiers from the original have been implemented here...
  Not all flags from the original have been implemented here...
  mimics the undefined behavior of the original in most cases
  once an error occures the function stops wirting and returns -1

not available core functions: under the hood

these functions are not available with ft_printf.h

Function - overview

• utils

  • lxy_put_unsigned_int_base()
  • lxy_put_unsigned_long_base()
  • lxy_put_size_t_base()
  • lxy_strlen()

• specifiers

  • is_specifier()
  • is_specifier_single()
  • is_specifier_prefix()
  • get_specifier_lenght()

• scan

  • is_flag()
  • is_percent()
  • is_equal()

• flags

  • *init_flags()
  • clean_flags()

• process

  • process_specifier()
  • process_flagg()

• call put function

  • call_put_func()

• get functions

  • (*get_char_func()
  • (*get_string_func()
  • (*get_long_func()
  • (*get_ssize_t_func()
  • (*get_int_func()
  • (*get_ud_func()
  • (*get_lu_func()
  • (*get_size_t_func()

• put functions

  • lxy_put_char()
  • lxy_put_str()
  • lxy_put_percent_sign()
  • lxy_put_trigger_hashflag()
  • lxy_put_trigger_hashflag_upper()
  • lxy_put_white_space()
  • lxy_put_decimal()
  • lxy_put_signed_int()
  • lxy_put_undecimal()
  • lxy_put_signed_long()
  • lxy_put_ssize_t()
  • lxy_put_unsigned_int()
  • lxy_put_unsigned_long()
  • lxy_put_size_t()
  • lxy_put_hexa_lowercase()
  • lxy_put_hexa_uppercase()
  • lxy_put_long_hexa_lowercase()
  • lxy_put_long_hexa_uppercase()
  • lxy_put_long_long_hexa_lowercase()
  • lxy_put_long_long_hexa_uppercase()
  • lxy_put_pointer()

Function - dependencies

not all, but the most important dependecies to understand this library

orchestering function

Program flow
└── ft_printf()                         ft_printf.c
    ├── init_flags()					core_flags.c
    ├── is_percent()					core_scan.c
    ├── lxy_putchar()					core_put_chars.c
    ├── process_specifier()				core_process.c
    ├── va_start()						<lib>
    ├── va_end()						<lib>
    └── return (0)                      main.c

process functions

process
├── process_specifier()				core_process.c
│   ├── process_flagg()				core_process.c
│   ├── call_put_func()				core_call_func.c
│   ├── get_specifier_length()		core_specifier.c
│   └── clean_flags()           	core_flags.c
│
│
└── process_flaggr()				core_process.c
    ├── is_specifier()				core_specifier.c
    ├── is_flagg()					core_flagss.c
    └── lxy_put_char()				core_put_chars.c

put functions

Exec functions
├── lxy_put_str()						core_put_chars.c
│   └── lxy_put_char()             		core_put_chars.c
│       └── write()                		<lib>
│
├── lxy_put_unsigned_int()				core_put_unsigned_nbrs.c
│   └── lxy_put_unsigned_int_base()		core_utils_put_nbr_to_base.c
│       └── write()                		<lib>
│
├── lxy_put_unsigned_long()				core_put_unsigned_nbrs.c
│   └── lxy_put_unsigned_long_base()	core_utils_put_nbr_to_base.c
│       └── write()                		<lib>
│
├── lxy_put_size_t()					core_put_unsigned_nbrs.c
│   └── lxy_put_size_t_base()			core_utils_put_nbr_to_base.c
│       └── write()                		<lib>
│
├── lxy_put_signed_int()				core_put_signed_nbr.c
│   └── lxy_put_unsigned_int_base()		core_utils_put_nbr_to_base.c
│
├── lxy_put_signed_long()				core_put_signed_nbr.c
│   └── lxy_put_unsigned_long_base()	core_utils_put_nbr_to_base.c
│
├── lxy_put_ssize_t()					core_put_signed_nbr.c
│   └── lxy_put_size_t_base()			core_utils_put_nbr_to_base.c
│
├── lxy_put_hexa_lowercase()			core_put_hexa_lowercase.c
│   ├── lxy_put_trigger_hashflag()		core_put_absrtaction.c
│   └── lxy_put_unsigned_int_base()		core_utils_put_nbr_to_base.c
│
├── lxy_put_long_hexa_lowercase()		core_put_hexa_lowercase.c
│   ├── lxy_put_trigger_hashflag()		core_put_absrtaction.c
│   └── lxy_put_unsigned_long_base()	core_utils_put_nbr_to_base.c
│
├── lxy_put_long_long_hexa_lowercase()	core_put_hexa_lowercase.c
│   ├── lxy_put_trigger_hashflag()		core_put_absrtaction.c
│   └── lxy_put_size_t_base()			core_utils_put_nbr_to_base.c
│
├── lxy_put_pointer()					core_put_hexa_lowercase.c
│   ├── lxy_put_trigger_hashflag()		core_put_absrtaction.c
│   └── lxy_put_unsigned_long_base()	core_utils_put_nbr_to_base.c
│
├── lxy_put_hexa_upperrcase()			core_put_hexa_uppercase.c
│   ├── lxy_put_trigger_hashflag_up()	core_put_absrtaction.c
│   └── lxy_put_unsigned_int_base()		core_utils_put_nbr_to_base.c
│
├── lxy_put_long_hexa_upperrcase()		core_put_hexa_uppercase.c
│   ├── lxy_put_trigger_hashflag_up()	core_put_absrtaction.c
│   └── lxy_put_unsigned_long_base()		core_utils_put_nbr_to_base.c
│
└── lxy_put_long_long_hexa_upperrcase()	core_put_hexa_uppercase.c
    ├── lxy_put_trigger_hashflag_up()	core_put_absrtaction.c
    └── lxy_put_size_t_base()			core_utils_put_nbr_to_base.c

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Author

Lexxythelizard

42 Berlin login: lenivorb

private Github: https://www.github.com/Lexxythelizard