This repository contains the Python code implementing ARTEMIDE (ARcs in clusTErs using Mask r-cnn IDEntifier), a pytorch Mask R-CNN (contained in the library torchvision, using torch==2.0.1 and torchvision==0.15.2) for detecting bright gravitationally lensed arcs in galaxy clusters, developed in this paper (arXiv version).
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Reference Paper: Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). Searching for giant gravitational arcs in galaxy clusters with mask region-based convolutional neural networks.
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Corresponding Author: Lorenzo Bazzanini, University of Ferrara (
bzzlnz[at]unife[dot]it) -
Code Contributors: L. Bazzanini, G. Angora, M. Fogliardi.
#TODO
To run the code, it is advised to create a self-contained conda environment with all the required libraries installed. To create the aformentioned environment (which we called torch2) just run the following four lines of code (or follow the instructions in the file ./torch2_env.txt, which contains also the version of all the installed packages):
# 1. create the conda environment
conda create -n torch2 python=3.9
# 2. activate the environment
conda activate torch2
# 3. install all the required libraries (with the required version)
pip install numpy==1.23 matplotlib==3.7 pandas==2.1 pip install seaborn==0.12 scipy==1.11 h5py==3.9 astropy==5.3 astroml==1.0 photutils==1.9 shapely==2.0 opencv-python==4.8 cloudpickle==2.2 pycocotools==2.0 pyregion==2.2 torchinfo==1.8 prettytable==3.9 tqdm scikit-image timm tensorboard ipywidgets # ipykernel
pip3 install torch==2.0.1 torchvision==0.15.2 torchaudio==2.0.2
# 4. install some extra utilities for VSCode
conda install ipykernel --update-deps --force-reinstallThe notebook containing all the relevant code for training/inference/data analysis is mask_rcnn_astro_T2_0_TV15_2.ipynb. Everything there is well documented.
If you have any question or you are interested in contributing do not hesitate to contact the authors.
Please cite the following associated paper if you use this code in your work:
@ARTICLE{2025arXiv251103064E,
author = {{Euclid Collaboration} and {Bazzanini}, L. and {Angora}, G. and {Bergamini}, P. and {Meneghetti}, M. and {Rosati}, P. and {Acebron}, A. and {Grillo}, C. and {Lombardi}, M. and {Ratta}, R. and {Fogliardi}, M. and {Di Rosa}, G. and {Abriola}, D. and {D'Addona}, M. and {Granata}, G. and {Leuzzi}, L. and {Mercurio}, A. and {Schuldt}, S. and {Vanzella}, E. and {INAF--OAS} and {di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna}, Osservatorio and {Gobetti 93/3}, via and {Bologna}, I-40129 and {Italy} and {Tortora}, C. and {Altieri}, B. and {Andreon}, S. and {Auricchio}, N. and {Baccigalupi}, C. and {Baldi}, M. and {Balestra}, A. and {Bardelli}, S. and {Battaglia}, P. and {Biviano}, A. and {Branchini}, E. and {Brescia}, M. and {Camera}, S. and {Ca{\~n}as-Herrera}, G. and {Capobianco}, V. and {Carbone}, C. and {Carretero}, J. and {Castellano}, M. and {Castignani}, G. and {Cavuoti}, S. and {Cimatti}, A. and {Colodro-Conde}, C. and {Congedo}, G. and {Conversi}, L. and {Copin}, Y. and {Costille}, A. and {Courbin}, F. and {Courtois}, H.~M. and {Cropper}, M. and {Da Silva}, A. and {Degaudenzi}, H. and {De Lucia}, G. and {Dole}, H. and {Dubath}, F. and {Duncan}, C.~A.~J. and {Dupac}, X. and {Dusini}, S. and {Escoffier}, S. and {Fabricius}, M. and {Farina}, M. and {Farinelli}, R. and {Faustini}, F. and {Ferriol}, S. and {Finelli}, F. and {Frailis}, M. and {Franceschi}, E. and {Fumana}, M. and {Galeotta}, S. and {Gillard}, W. and {Gillis}, B. and {Giocoli}, C. and {Gracia-Carpio}, J. and {Grazian}, A. and {Grupp}, F. and {Guzzo}, L. and {Haugan}, S.~V.~H. and {Hoar}, J. and {Holmes}, W. and {Hook}, I.~M. and {Hormuth}, F. and {Hornstrup}, A. and {Jahnke}, K. and {Jhabvala}, M. and {Joachimi}, B. and {Keih{\"a}nen}, E. and {Kermiche}, S. and {Kiessling}, A. and {Kilbinger}, M. and {Kubik}, B. and {Kunz}, M. and {Kurki-Suonio}, H. and {Laureijs}, R. and {Le Brun}, A.~M.~C. and {Le Mignant}, D. and {Ligori}, S. and {Lilje}, P.~B. and {Lindholm}, V. and {Lloro}, I. and {Mainetti}, G. and {Maino}, D. and {Maiorano}, E. and {Mansutti}, O. and {Marggraf}, O. and {Martinelli}, M. and {Martinet}, N. and {Marulli}, F. and {Massey}, R.~J. and {Medinaceli}, E. and {Mei}, S. and {Melchior}, M. and {Mellier}, Y. and {Merlin}, E. and {Meylan}, G. and {Mora}, A. and {Moresco}, M. and {Moscardini}, L. and {Neissner}, C. and {Niemi}, S.-M. and {Padilla}, C. and {Paltani}, S. and {Pasian}, F. and {Pedersen}, K. and {Percival}, W.~J. and {Pettorino}, V. and {Pires}, S. and {Polenta}, G. and {Poncet}, M. and {Popa}, L.~A. and {Pozzetti}, L. and {Raison}, F. and {Renzi}, A. and {Rhodes}, J. and {Riccio}, G. and {Romelli}, E. and {Roncarelli}, M. and {Saglia}, R. and {Sakr}, Z. and {S{\'a}nchez}, A.~G. and {Sapone}, D. and {Sartoris}, B. and {Schneider}, P. and {Schrabback}, T. and {Secroun}, A. and {Seidel}, G. and {Serrano}, S. and {Simon}, P. and {Sirignano}, C. and {Sirri}, G. and {Stanco}, L. and {Steinwagner}, J. and {Tallada-Cresp{\'\i}}, P. and {Taylor}, A.~N. and {Tereno}, I. and {Tessore}, N. and {Toft}, S. and {Toledo-Moreo}, R. and {Torradeflot}, F. and {Tutusaus}, I. and {Valentijn}, E.~A. and {Valenziano}, L. and {Valiviita}, J. and {Vassallo}, T. and {Verdoes Kleijn}, G. and {Veropalumbo}, A. and {Wang}, Y. and {Weller}, J. and {Zacchei}, A. and {Zamorani}, G. and {Zucca}, E. and {Ballardini}, M. and {Bolzonella}, M. and {Bozzo}, E. and {Burigana}, C. and {Cabanac}, R. and {Calabrese}, M. and {Cappi}, A. and {Di Ferdinando}, D. and {Escartin Vigo}, J.~A. and {Hartley}, W.~G. and {Mart{\'\i}n-Fleitas}, J. and {Matthew}, S. and {Mauri}, N. and {Metcalf}, R.~B. and {Pezzotta}, A. and {P{\"o}ntinen}, M. and {Risso}, I. and {Scottez}, V. and {Sereno}, M. and {Tenti}, M. and {Viel}, M. and {Wiesmann}, M. and {Akrami}, Y. and {Andika}, I.~T. and {Anselmi}, S. and {Archidiacono}, M. and {Atrio-Barandela}, F.},
title = "{Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). Searching for giant gravitational arcs in galaxy clusters with mask region-based convolutional neural networks}",
journal = {arXiv e-prints},
keywords = {Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics of Galaxies, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics},
year = 2025,
month = nov,
eid = {arXiv:2511.03064},
pages = {arXiv:2511.03064},
doi = {10.48550/arXiv.2511.03064},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
eprint = {2511.03064},
primaryClass = {astro-ph.CO},
adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2025arXiv251103064E},
adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}