Add local codes/ folder for MCS tutorials, replace upstream links with downloads

assets/js/alps-download.js

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// Download tutorial scripts without navigating away from the page.
+//
+// The scripts live in ALPSim/ALPS, so the links are cross-origin and the HTML
+// `download` attribute is ignored. raw.githubusercontent.com sends
+// `access-control-allow-origin: *`, so we can fetch the file and hand the
+// browser a same-origin blob to save instead.
+//
+// If the fetch fails (offline, rate limited, file moved) we fall back to
+// opening the raw URL in a new tab, so the link is never a dead end.
+(function () {
+  "use strict";
+
+  document.addEventListener("click", function (event) {
+    if (event.defaultPrevented || event.button !== 0) return;
+    if (event.metaKey || event.ctrlKey || event.shiftKey || event.altKey) return;
+
+    var link = event.target.closest("a.alps-download");
+    if (!link) return;
+
+    event.preventDefault();
+
+    var url = link.href;
+    var filename = link.dataset.filename || url.split("/").pop();
+
+    fetch(url)
+      .then(function (response) {
+        if (!response.ok) throw new Error("HTTP " + response.status);
+        return response.blob();
+      })
+      .then(function (blob) {
+        var objectURL = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
+        var temp = document.createElement("a");
+        temp.href = objectURL;
+        temp.download = filename;
+        document.body.appendChild(temp);
+        temp.click();
+        temp.remove();
+        URL.revokeObjectURL(objectURL);
+      })
+      .catch(function () {
+        window.open(url, "_blank", "noopener");
+      });
+  });
+})();

content/en/tutorials/mcs/mc01a.md

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ This tutorial can be run either on the command line or in Python. We recommend t
 
 ### Setting up and running the simulation on the command line
 
-To set up and run the simulation on the command line, we first create a parameter file that specifies the parameters of the simulation(s). The <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-01-autocorrelations/parm1a" download>downloadable file</a> will be titled `parm1a`, with the following contents:
+To set up and run the simulation on the command line, we first create a parameter file that specifies the parameters of the simulation(s). The downloadable file will be titled <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-01-autocorrelations/parm1a" data-filename="parm1a" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`parm1a`</a>, with the following contents:
 
 ```
 LATTICE="square lattice"
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ Look at all six tasks and, by studying the binning analysis in the files `parm1a
 
 The `pyalps` package is a wrapper for ALPS: All it does is call the commands described in the previous section as if they were run in a terminal. It is superior for plotting because the output of the simulation can be read directly into a Python data structure and accessed by `matplotlib`. It also comes with a wrapper `pyalps.plot` for certain matplotlib functions to neatly plot data generated by `pyalps`.
 
-To set up and run the simulation in Python, we create a script named <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-01-autocorrelations/tutorial1a.py" download>`tutorial1a.py`</a>. The first part of this script must import the required modules and prepare the input job and task files. Instead of writing a parameter file and using `convert2xml`, we store a list containing each task's parameters as a dictionary, like so:
+To set up and run the simulation in Python, we create a script named <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-01-autocorrelations/tutorial1a.py" data-filename="tutorial1a.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`tutorial1a.py`</a>. The first part of this script must import the required modules and prepare the input job and task files. Instead of writing a parameter file and using `convert2xml`, we store a list containing each task's parameters as a dictionary, like so:
 
 ```Python
 import pyalps
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ We therefore repeat the simulations with cluster updates, using fewer thermaliza
 
 ### Command line
 
-The downloadable parameter file <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-01-autocorrelations/parm1b" download>`parm1b`</a> has the following contents:
+The downloadable parameter file <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-01-autocorrelations/parm1b" data-filename="parm1b" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`parm1b`</a> has the following contents:
 
 ```
 LATTICE="square lattice"
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ spinmc --Tmin 10 --write-xml parm1b.in.xml
 
 ### Python
 
-The script <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-01-autocorrelations/tutorial1b.py" download>`tutorial1b.py`</a> follows the same structure as `tutorial1a.py`, with the updated parameters and `parm1b` as the file prefix:
+The script <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-01-autocorrelations/tutorial1b.py" data-filename="tutorial1b.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`tutorial1b.py`</a> follows the same structure as `tutorial1a.py`, with the updated parameters and `parm1b` as the file prefix:
 
 ```Python
 import pyalps

content/en/tutorials/mcs/mc01b.md

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Both are checked by inspecting the time series of a measured observable — in t
 
 ### Preparing and running the simulation on the command line
 
-The parameter file <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-01b-equilibration-and-convergence/parm1a" download>`parm1a`</a> sets up a single simulation of the Ising model on a $48 \times 48$ square lattice at the critical temperature:
+The parameter file <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-01b-equilibration-and-convergence/parm1a" data-filename="parm1a" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`parm1a`</a> sets up a single simulation of the Ising model on a $48 \times 48$ square lattice at the critical temperature:
 
 ```
 LATTICE="square lattice"
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ spinmc --Tmin 10 --write-xml parm1a.in.xml
 
 ### Preparing and running the simulation in Python
 
-The full script is available as <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-01b-equilibration-and-convergence/tutorial1a.py" download>`tutorial1a.py`</a>.
+The full script is available as <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-01b-equilibration-and-convergence/tutorial1a.py" data-filename="tutorial1a.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`tutorial1a.py`</a>.
 It begins by importing the required modules and defining the simulation parameters:
 
 ```Python

content/en/tutorials/mcs/mc02.md

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ The comparison highlights two key contrasts: how quantum fluctuations modify the
 
 #### Setting up and running on the command line
 
-The parameter file <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-02-susceptibilities/parm2a" download>`parm2a`</a> sets up simulations of the classical ferromagnetic Heisenberg model on a chain of 60 sites across a range of temperatures:
+The parameter file <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-02-susceptibilities/parm2a" data-filename="parm2a" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`parm2a`</a> sets up simulations of the classical ferromagnetic Heisenberg model on a chain of 60 sites across a range of temperatures:
 
 ```
 LATTICE="chain lattice"
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ spinmc --Tmin 10 --write-xml parm2a.in.xml
 
 #### Setting up and running in Python
 
-The script <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-02-susceptibilities/tutorial2a.py" download>`tutorial2a.py`</a> sets up and runs the same simulation. Place it in the same folder as `parm2a`:
+The script <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-02-susceptibilities/tutorial2a.py" data-filename="tutorial2a.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`tutorial2a.py`</a> sets up and runs the same simulation. Place it in the same folder as `parm2a`:
 
 ```Python
 import pyalps
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ Aside from the lattice change and the two couplings, the simulation setup is ide
 
 #### Setting up and running on the command line
 
-Download <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-02-susceptibilities/parm2b" download>`parm2b`</a> and place it in the same folder:
+Download <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-02-susceptibilities/parm2b" data-filename="parm2b" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`parm2b`</a> and place it in the same folder:
 
 ```
 LATTICE="ladder"
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ spinmc --Tmin 10 --write-xml parm2b.in.xml
 
 #### Setting up and running in Python
 
-The script <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-02-susceptibilities/tutorial2b.py" download>`tutorial2b.py`</a> is a copy of `tutorial2a.py` with three changes: the prefix renamed to `parm2b`, `LATTICE` set to `"ladder"`, and `J` replaced by `J0` and `J1` (both `-1`).
+The script <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-02-susceptibilities/tutorial2b.py" data-filename="tutorial2b.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`tutorial2b.py`</a> is a copy of `tutorial2a.py` with three changes: the prefix renamed to `parm2b`, `LATTICE` set to `"ladder"`, and `J` replaced by `J0` and `J1` (both `-1`).
 
 ## Quantum Heisenberg models
 
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ The key parameter changes, relative to the classical case, are:
 
 #### Setting up and running on the command line
 
-Download <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-02-susceptibilities/parm2c" download>`parm2c`</a>:
+Download <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-02-susceptibilities/parm2c" data-filename="parm2c" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`parm2c`</a>:
 
 ```
 LATTICE="chain lattice"
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ loop parm2c.in.xml
 
 #### Setting up and running in Python
 
-The script <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-02-susceptibilities/tutorial2c.py" download>`tutorial2c.py`</a> adapts `tutorial2a.py` to the quantum parameters and calls `loop` instead of `spinmc`:
+The script <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-02-susceptibilities/tutorial2c.py" data-filename="tutorial2c.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`tutorial2c.py`</a> adapts `tutorial2a.py` to the quantum parameters and calls `loop` instead of `spinmc`:
 
 ```Python
 input_file = pyalps.writeInputFiles('parm2c', parms)
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ Unlike the gapless chain, the two-leg antiferromagnetic Heisenberg ladder has a
 
 #### Setting up and running on the command line
 
-Download <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-02-susceptibilities/parm2d" download>`parm2d`</a>:
+Download <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-02-susceptibilities/parm2d" data-filename="parm2d" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`parm2d`</a>:
 
 ```
 LATTICE="ladder"
@@ -257,11 +257,11 @@ loop parm2d.in.xml
 
 #### Setting up and running in Python
 
-The script <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-02-susceptibilities/tutorial2d.py" download>`tutorial2d.py`</a> adapts `tutorial2c.py`: rename the prefix to `parm2d`, change `LATTICE` to `"ladder"`, and replace `J` with `J0` and `J1` (both `1`).
+The script <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-02-susceptibilities/tutorial2d.py" data-filename="tutorial2d.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`tutorial2d.py`</a> adapts `tutorial2c.py`: rename the prefix to `parm2d`, change `LATTICE` to `"ladder"`, and replace `J` with `J0` and `J1` (both `1`).
 
 ## Combining all four simulations
 
-After running all four simulations in the same folder, the script <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-02-susceptibilities/tutorial2full.py" download>`tutorial2full.py`</a> loads all results together and overlays them on a single plot.
+After running all four simulations in the same folder, the script <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-02-susceptibilities/tutorial2full.py" data-filename="tutorial2full.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`tutorial2full.py`</a> loads all results together and overlays them on a single plot.
 
 ```Python
 import pyalps

content/en/tutorials/mcs/mc03.md

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ The temperature is low enough that the results are close to the ground-state mag
 
 #### Setting up and running on the command line
 
-The parameter file <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-03-magnetization/parm3a" download>`parm3a`</a>:
+The parameter file <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-03-magnetization/parm3a" data-filename="parm3a" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`parm3a`</a>:
 
 ```
 LATTICE="chain lattice"
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ dirloop_sse --Tmin 10 --write-xml parm3a.in.xml
 
 #### Setting up and running in Python
 
-The script <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-03-magnetization/tutorial3a.py" download>`tutorial3a.py`</a>:
+The script <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-03-magnetization/tutorial3a.py" data-filename="tutorial3a.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`tutorial3a.py`</a>:
 
 ```Python
 import pyalps
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ We use 20 rungs (40 sites total) and extend the field range to $h = 3.5$ to reac
 
 #### Setting up and running on the command line
 
-The parameter file <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-03-magnetization/parm3b" download>`parm3b`</a> uses the same structure as `parm3a` with these changes:
+The parameter file <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-03-magnetization/parm3b" data-filename="parm3b" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`parm3b`</a> uses the same structure as `parm3a` with these changes:
 
 ```
 LATTICE="ladder"
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ dirloop_sse --Tmin 10 --write-xml parm3b.in.xml
 
 #### Setting up and running in Python
 
-The script <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-03-magnetization/tutorial3b.py" download>`tutorial3b.py`</a> adapts `tutorial3a.py`: rename the prefix to `parm3b`, change `LATTICE` to `"ladder"`, replace `J` with `J0=J1=1`, and extend the field scan to 3.5.
+The script <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-03-magnetization/tutorial3b.py" data-filename="tutorial3b.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`tutorial3b.py`</a> adapts `tutorial3a.py`: rename the prefix to `parm3b`, change `LATTICE` to `"ladder"`, replace `J` with `J0=J1=1`, and extend the field scan to 3.5.
 
 #### Evaluating and plotting
 
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ In contrast to the chain, the ladder magnetization is zero up to a finite lower
 
 ## Combining both simulations
 
-After running both simulations in the same folder, the script <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-03-magnetization/tutorial3full.py" download>`tutorial3full.py`</a> overlays the two magnetization curves on a single plot:
+After running both simulations in the same folder, the script <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-03-magnetization/tutorial3full.py" data-filename="tutorial3full.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`tutorial3full.py`</a> overlays the two magnetization curves on a single plot:
 
 ```Python
 import pyalps

content/en/tutorials/mcs/mc04.md

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ The small system size allows a fast simulation; finite-size effects are signific
 
 ### Command line
 
-The parameter file <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-04-measurements/parm4" download>`parm4`</a> enables three additional measurement flags alongside the standard parameters:
+The parameter file <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-04-measurements/parm4" data-filename="parm4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`parm4`</a> enables three additional measurement flags alongside the standard parameters:
 
 ```
 MODEL="spin"
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ dirloop_sse --Tmin 10 --write-xml parm4.in.xml
 
 ### Python
 
-The script <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-04-measurements/tutorial4.py" download>`tutorial4.py`</a>:
+The script <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-04-measurements/tutorial4.py" data-filename="tutorial4.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`tutorial4.py`</a>:
 
 ```Python
 import pyalps

content/en/tutorials/mcs/mc05.md

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ The Hilbert space is truncated at `Nmax=2` bosons per site, which is a good appr
 
 ### Command line
 
-The parameter file <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-05-bosons/parm5a" download>`parm5a`</a>:
+The parameter file <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-05-bosons/parm5a" data-filename="parm5a" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`parm5a`</a>:
 
 ```
 LATTICE="square lattice"
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ worm --Tmin 10 --write-xml parm5a.in.xml
 
 ### Python
 
-The script <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-05-bosons/tutorial5a.py" download>`tutorial5a.py`</a>:
+The script <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-05-bosons/tutorial5a.py" data-filename="tutorial5a.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`tutorial5a.py`</a>:
 
 ```Python
 import pyalps
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ We simulate three system sizes $L = 4, 6, 8$ on a fine grid of hopping values ar
 
 ### Command line
 
-The parameter file <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-05-bosons/parm5b" download>`parm5b`</a>:
+The parameter file <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-05-bosons/parm5b" data-filename="parm5b" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`parm5b`</a>:
 
 ```
 LATTICE="square lattice"
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ worm --Tmin 10 --write-xml parm5b.in.xml
 
 ### Python
 
-The script <a href="https://github.com/ALPSim/ALPS/blob/master/tutorials/mc-05-bosons/tutorial5b.py" download>`tutorial5b.py`</a>:
+The script <a class="alps-download" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ALPSim/ALPS/master/tutorials/mc-05-bosons/tutorial5b.py" data-filename="tutorial5b.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener">`tutorial5b.py`</a>:
 
 ```Python
 import pyalps