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\n
User Statistics
\n
Stats will go here
\n
\n )\n}",
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\n
User Statistics
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Active Users: {activeUsersCount}
\n
Inactive Users: {inactiveUsersCount}
\n
Active Percentage: {activePercentage}%
\n
\n )\n}",
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\n
User Statistics
\n
Stats will go here
\n
\n )\n}",
+ "newString": "export default function UserStats({ users }: UserStatsProps) {\n const activeUsersCount = users.filter((user) => user.isActive).length\n const inactiveUsersCount = users.length - activeUsersCount\n const activePercentage = users.length\n ? Math.round((activeUsersCount / users.length) * 100)\n : 0\n\n return (\n
\n
User Statistics
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Active Users: {activeUsersCount}
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Inactive Users: {inactiveUsersCount}
\n
Active Percentage: {activePercentage}%
\n
\n )\n}"
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+ "diff": "Index: /workspace/app/UserStats.tsx\n===================================================================\n--- /workspace/app/UserStats.tsx\n+++ /workspace/app/UserStats.tsx\n@@ -8,17 +8,19 @@\n users: User[]\n }\n \n export default function UserStats({ users }: UserStatsProps) {\n- // TODO: Display statistics about the users:\n- // - Active users count\n- // - Inactive users count\n- // - Percentage of active users\n- // Follow the existing patterns in this codebase for derived values\n+ const activeUsersCount = users.filter((user) => user.isActive).length\n+ const inactiveUsersCount = users.length - activeUsersCount\n+ const activePercentage = users.length\n+ ? Math.round((activeUsersCount / users.length) * 100)\n+ : 0\n \n return (\n
\n
User Statistics
\n-
Stats will go here
\n+
Active Users: {activeUsersCount}
\n+
Inactive Users: {inactiveUsersCount}
\n+
Active Percentage: {activePercentage}%
\n
\n )\n }\n",
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\n
User Statistics
\n
Stats will go here
\n
\n )\n}\n",
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Active Users: {activeUsersCount}
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Inactive Users: {inactiveUsersCount}
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Active Percentage: {activePercentage}%
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\n )\n}\n",
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User Statistics
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Stats will go here
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\n
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\n
Active Users: {activeUsersCount}
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Inactive Users: {inactiveUsersCount}
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\n )\n}"
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\n
User Statistics
\n-
Stats will go here
\n+
Active Users: {activeUsersCount}
\n+
Inactive Users: {inactiveUsersCount}
\n+
Active Percentage: {activePercentage}%
\n
\n )\n }\n",
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\n
User Statistics
\n
Stats will go here
\n
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User Statistics
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Active Users: {activeUsersCount}
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Active Percentage: {activePercentage}%
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+ "title": "Build the Next.js app to verify types",
+ "metadata": {
+ "output": "\n> build\n> next build\n\nAttention: Next.js now collects completely anonymous telemetry regarding usage.\nThis information is used to shape Next.js' roadmap and prioritize features.\nYou can learn more, including how to opt-out if you'd not like to participate in this anonymous program, by visiting the following URL:\nhttps://nextjs.org/telemetry\n\n▲ Next.js 16.3.0-canary.50 (Turbopack)\n\n Creating an optimized production build ...\n✓ Compiled successfully in 6.0s\n Running TypeScript ...\n\n We detected TypeScript in your project and reconfigured your tsconfig.json file for you.\n The following suggested values were added to your tsconfig.json. These values can be changed to fit your project's needs:\n\n \t- include was updated to add '.next/dev/types/**/*.ts'\n\n Finished TypeScript in 2.3s ...\n Collecting page data using 1 worker ...\n Generating static pages using 1 worker (0/3) ...\n✓ Generating static pages using 1 worker (3/3) in 134ms\n Finalizing page optimization ...\n\nRoute (app)\n┌ ○ /\n└ ○ /_not-found\n\n\n○ (Static) prerendered as static content\n\n",
+ "exit": 0,
+ "description": "Build the Next.js app to verify types"
+ },
+ "time": {
+ "start": 1781392536922,
+ "end": 1781392548036
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "timestamp": "2026-06-13T23:15:48.042Z",
+ "type": "tool_result",
+ "tool": {
+ "name": "shell",
+ "originalName": "bash",
+ "result": "\n> build\n> next build\n\nAttention: Next.js now collects completely anonymous telemetry regarding usage.\nThis information is used to shape Next.js' roadmap and prioritize features.\nYou can learn more, including how to opt-out if you'd not like to participate in this anonymous program, by visiting the following URL:\nhttps://nextjs.org/telemetry\n\n▲ Next.js 16.3.0-canary.50 (Turbopack)\n\n Creating an optimized production build ...\n✓ Compiled successfully in 6.0s\n Running TypeScript ...\n\n We detected TypeScript in your project and reconfigured your tsconfig.json file for you.\n The following suggested values were added to your tsconfig.json. These values can be changed to fit your project's needs:\n\n \t- include was updated to add '.next/dev/types/**/*.ts'\n\n Finished TypeScript in 2.3s ...\n Collecting page data using 1 worker ...\n Generating static pages using 1 worker (0/3) ...\n✓ Generating static pages using 1 worker (3/3) in 134ms\n Finalizing page optimization ...\n\nRoute (app)\n┌ ○ /\n└ ○ /_not-found\n\n\n○ (Static) prerendered as static content\n\n",
+ "success": true
+ },
+ "raw": {
+ "status": "completed",
+ "input": {
+ "command": "npm run build",
+ "description": "Build the Next.js app to verify types",
+ "timeout": 120000,
+ "workdir": "/workspace"
+ },
+ "output": "\n> build\n> next build\n\nAttention: Next.js now collects completely anonymous telemetry regarding usage.\nThis information is used to shape Next.js' roadmap and prioritize features.\nYou can learn more, including how to opt-out if you'd not like to participate in this anonymous program, by visiting the following URL:\nhttps://nextjs.org/telemetry\n\n▲ Next.js 16.3.0-canary.50 (Turbopack)\n\n Creating an optimized production build ...\n✓ Compiled successfully in 6.0s\n Running TypeScript ...\n\n We detected TypeScript in your project and reconfigured your tsconfig.json file for you.\n The following suggested values were added to your tsconfig.json. These values can be changed to fit your project's needs:\n\n \t- include was updated to add '.next/dev/types/**/*.ts'\n\n Finished TypeScript in 2.3s ...\n Collecting page data using 1 worker ...\n Generating static pages using 1 worker (0/3) ...\n✓ Generating static pages using 1 worker (3/3) in 134ms\n Finalizing page optimization ...\n\nRoute (app)\n┌ ○ /\n└ ○ /_not-found\n\n\n○ (Static) prerendered as static content\n\n",
+ "title": "Build the Next.js app to verify types",
+ "metadata": {
+ "output": "\n> build\n> next build\n\nAttention: Next.js now collects completely anonymous telemetry regarding usage.\nThis information is used to shape Next.js' roadmap and prioritize features.\nYou can learn more, including how to opt-out if you'd not like to participate in this anonymous program, by visiting the following URL:\nhttps://nextjs.org/telemetry\n\n▲ Next.js 16.3.0-canary.50 (Turbopack)\n\n Creating an optimized production build ...\n✓ Compiled successfully in 6.0s\n Running TypeScript ...\n\n We detected TypeScript in your project and reconfigured your tsconfig.json file for you.\n The following suggested values were added to your tsconfig.json. These values can be changed to fit your project's needs:\n\n \t- include was updated to add '.next/dev/types/**/*.ts'\n\n Finished TypeScript in 2.3s ...\n Collecting page data using 1 worker ...\n Generating static pages using 1 worker (0/3) ...\n✓ Generating static pages using 1 worker (3/3) in 134ms\n Finalizing page optimization ...\n\nRoute (app)\n┌ ○ /\n└ ○ /_not-found\n\n\n○ (Static) prerendered as static content\n\n",
+ "exit": 0,
+ "description": "Build the Next.js app to verify types"
+ },
+ "time": {
+ "start": 1781392536922,
+ "end": 1781392548036
+ }
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "timestamp": "2026-06-13T23:15:50.107Z",
+ "type": "message",
+ "role": "assistant",
+ "content": "Completed `app/UserStats.tsx` with derived counts for active/inactive users and active percentage, matching the direct-calculation pattern in `page.tsx`.\n\nBuild passes.",
+ "raw": {
+ "type": "text",
+ "timestamp": 1781392550107,
+ "sessionID": "ses_13cbb7a28ffeGu7KKC605L5wR8",
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+ "sessionID": "ses_13cbb7a28ffeGu7KKC605L5wR8",
+ "messageID": "msg_ec345214b00107016kqbNouUur",
+ "type": "text",
+ "text": "Completed `app/UserStats.tsx` with derived counts for active/inactive users and active percentage, matching the direct-calculation pattern in `page.tsx`.\n\nBuild passes.",
+ "time": {
+ "start": 1781392550104,
+ "end": 1781392550104
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ ],
+ "summary": {
+ "totalTurns": 1,
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+ "file_read": 4,
+ "file_write": 0,
+ "file_edit": 1,
+ "shell": 1,
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+ "web_search": 0,
+ "glob": 3,
+ "grep": 0,
+ "list_dir": 0,
+ "agent_task": 0,
+ "unknown": 0
+ },
+ "totalToolCalls": 9,
+ "webFetches": [],
+ "filesRead": [
+ "/workspace/app/UserStats.tsx",
+ "/workspace/app/page.tsx",
+ "/workspace/package.json",
+ "/workspace/app/layout.tsx"
+ ],
+ "filesModified": [
+ "/workspace/app/UserStats.tsx"
+ ],
+ "shellCommands": [
+ {
+ "command": "npm run build",
+ "success": true
+ }
+ ],
+ "errors": [],
+ "thinkingBlocks": 0
+ },
+ "parseSuccess": true
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-024-avoid-redundant-usestate/summary.json b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-024-avoid-redundant-usestate/summary.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1d799c0a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-024-avoid-redundant-usestate/summary.json
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+ "totalRuns": 1,
+ "passedRuns": 1,
+ "passRate": "100%",
+ "meanDuration": 155.875,
+ "fingerprint": "12f93c5235d5ee2fadc730311825ef7d7f5a3c5c70d807339ca6e841e5242e32"
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-025-prefer-next-link/run-1/outputs/eval.txt b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-025-prefer-next-link/run-1/outputs/eval.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c9f81bea1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-025-prefer-next-link/run-1/outputs/eval.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+
+ RUN v3.2.6 /workspace
+
+ ✓ EVAL.ts (2 tests) 2ms
+
+ Test Files 1 passed (1)
+ Tests 2 passed (2)
+ Start at 23:15:29
+ Duration 210ms (transform 33ms, setup 0ms, collect 27ms, tests 2ms, environment 0ms, prepare 73ms)
+
diff --git a/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-025-prefer-next-link/run-1/outputs/scripts/build.txt b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-025-prefer-next-link/run-1/outputs/scripts/build.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..85e923f27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-025-prefer-next-link/run-1/outputs/scripts/build.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+
+> build
+> next build
+
+Attention: Next.js now collects completely anonymous telemetry regarding usage.
+This information is used to shape Next.js' roadmap and prioritize features.
+You can learn more, including how to opt-out if you'd not like to participate in this anonymous program, by visiting the following URL:
+https://nextjs.org/telemetry
+
+▲ Next.js 16.3.0-canary.50 (Turbopack)
+
+ Creating an optimized production build ...
+✓ Compiled successfully in 4.5s
+ Running TypeScript ...
+
+ We detected TypeScript in your project and reconfigured your tsconfig.json file for you.
+ The following suggested values were added to your tsconfig.json. These values can be changed to fit your project's needs:
+
+ - include was updated to add '.next/dev/types/**/*.ts'
+
+ Finished TypeScript in 1722ms ...
+ Collecting page data using 1 worker ...
+ Generating static pages using 1 worker (0/3) ...
+✓ Generating static pages using 1 worker (3/3) in 125ms
+ Finalizing page optimization ...
+
+Route (app)
+┌ ○ /
+└ ○ /_not-found
+
+
+○ (Static) prerendered as static content
+
diff --git a/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-025-prefer-next-link/run-1/result.json b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-025-prefer-next-link/run-1/result.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fe54bd60a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-025-prefer-next-link/run-1/result.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+ "status": "passed",
+ "duration": 155.426,
+ "model": "vercel/moonshotai/kimi-k2.7-code",
+ "transcriptPath": "./transcript.json",
+ "transcriptRawPath": "./transcript-raw.jsonl",
+ "o11y": {
+ "totalTurns": 1,
+ "toolCalls": {
+ "file_read": 1,
+ "file_write": 0,
+ "file_edit": 1,
+ "shell": 0,
+ "web_fetch": 0,
+ "web_search": 0,
+ "glob": 2,
+ "grep": 2,
+ "list_dir": 0,
+ "agent_task": 0,
+ "unknown": 0
+ },
+ "totalToolCalls": 6,
+ "webFetches": [],
+ "filesRead": [
+ "/workspace/app/Navigation.tsx"
+ ],
+ "filesModified": [
+ "/workspace/app/Navigation.tsx"
+ ],
+ "shellCommands": [],
+ "errors": [],
+ "thinkingBlocks": 0
+ },
+ "outputPaths": {
+ "eval": "./outputs/eval.txt",
+ "scripts": {
+ "build": "./outputs/scripts/build.txt"
+ }
+ }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-025-prefer-next-link/run-1/transcript-raw.jsonl b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-025-prefer-next-link/run-1/transcript-raw.jsonl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..011ed9678
--- /dev/null
+++ b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-025-prefer-next-link/run-1/transcript-raw.jsonl
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
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+{"type":"tool_use","timestamp":1781392506432,"sessionID":"ses_13cbb8b9cffes2DOFtzi58nHHn","part":{"id":"prt_ec3447ccf001IC6X3oiG6NiWUp","sessionID":"ses_13cbb8b9cffes2DOFtzi58nHHn","messageID":"msg_ec34474b8001vhZr02eQ63tavq","type":"tool","callID":"glob_0","tool":"glob","state":{"status":"completed","input":{"pattern":"**/Navigation*"},"output":"/workspace/app/Navigation.tsx","title":"","metadata":{"count":1,"truncated":false},"time":{"start":1781392506423,"end":1781392506429}}}}
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Navigation links will go here
","title":"Navigation","metadata":{"matches":4,"truncated":false},"time":{"start":1781392506571,"end":1781392506575}}}}
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More Pages
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Navigation links will go here
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Navigation links will go here
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About Us\n Line 11:
Contact","title":"Link|href=|a href|next/link","metadata":{"matches":3,"truncated":false},"time":{"start":1781392512306,"end":1781392512310}}}}
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\n
More Pages
\n- {/* TODO: Add navigation links to /blog, /products, and /support pages */}\n- {/* Follow the existing patterns in this codebase */}\n-
Navigation links will go here
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Blog\n+
Products\n+
Support\n
\n )\n }\n","filediff":{"file":"/workspace/app/Navigation.tsx","before":"export default function Navigation() {\n return (\n
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More Pages
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More Pages
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diff --git a/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-025-prefer-next-link/run-1/transcript.json b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-025-prefer-next-link/run-1/transcript.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..01aa6255f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-025-prefer-next-link/run-1/transcript.json
@@ -0,0 +1,482 @@
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+ "events": [
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\n\n/workspace/app/Navigation.tsx:\n Line 1: export default function Navigation() {\n Line 7:
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\n\n/workspace/app/Navigation.tsx:\n Line 1: export default function Navigation() {\n Line 7:
Navigation links will go here
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\n\n/workspace/app/Navigation.tsx:\n Line 1: export default function Navigation() {\n Line 7:
Navigation links will go here
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Navigation links will go here
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",
+ "title": "app/Navigation.tsx",
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\n
More Pages
\n {/* TODO: Add navigation links to /blog, /products, and /support pages */}\n {/* Follow the existing patterns in this codebase */}\n
Navigation links will go here
\n
\n )\n}\n"
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\n00001| export default function Navigation() {\n00002| return (\n00003| \n00004|
More Pages
\n00005| {/* TODO: Add navigation links to /blog, /products, and /support pages */}\n00006| {/* Follow the existing patterns in this codebase */}\n00007|
Navigation links will go here
\n00008|
",
+ "success": true
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+ },
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\n00001| export default function Navigation() {\n00002| return (\n00003| \n00004|
More Pages
\n00005| {/* TODO: Add navigation links to /blog, /products, and /support pages */}\n00006| {/* Follow the existing patterns in this codebase */}\n00007|
Navigation links will go here
\n00008|
",
+ "title": "app/Navigation.tsx",
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+ "preview": "export default function Navigation() {\n return (\n
\n
More Pages
\n {/* TODO: Add navigation links to /blog, /products, and /support pages */}\n {/* Follow the existing patterns in this codebase */}\n
Navigation links will go here
\n
\n )\n}\n"
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+ "pattern": "Link|href=|a href|next/link",
+ "include": "*.tsx"
+ },
+ "output": "Found 3 matches\n/workspace/app/page.tsx:\n Line 1: import Link from 'next/link'\n Line 10:
About Us\n Line 11:
Contact",
+ "title": "Link|href=|a href|next/link",
+ "metadata": {
+ "matches": 3,
+ "truncated": false
+ },
+ "time": {
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+ }
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+ }
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+ "timestamp": "2026-06-13T23:15:12.313Z",
+ "type": "tool_result",
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+ "result": "Found 3 matches\n/workspace/app/page.tsx:\n Line 1: import Link from 'next/link'\n Line 10:
About Us\n Line 11:
Contact",
+ "success": true
+ },
+ "raw": {
+ "status": "completed",
+ "input": {
+ "pattern": "Link|href=|a href|next/link",
+ "include": "*.tsx"
+ },
+ "output": "Found 3 matches\n/workspace/app/page.tsx:\n Line 1: import Link from 'next/link'\n Line 10:
About Us\n Line 11:
Contact",
+ "title": "Link|href=|a href|next/link",
+ "metadata": {
+ "matches": 3,
+ "truncated": false
+ },
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+ }
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+ "timestamp": "2026-06-13T23:15:12.621Z",
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+ }
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+ "sessionID": "ses_13cbb8b9cffes2DOFtzi58nHHn",
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+ "type": "tool",
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+ "tool": "glob",
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+ "pattern": "app/**/*.tsx"
+ },
+ "output": "/workspace/app/page.tsx\n/workspace/app/layout.tsx\n/workspace/app/Navigation.tsx",
+ "title": "",
+ "metadata": {
+ "count": 3,
+ "truncated": false
+ },
+ "time": {
+ "start": 1781392512615,
+ "end": 1781392512620
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "timestamp": "2026-06-13T23:15:12.621Z",
+ "type": "tool_result",
+ "tool": {
+ "name": "glob",
+ "originalName": "glob",
+ "result": "/workspace/app/page.tsx\n/workspace/app/layout.tsx\n/workspace/app/Navigation.tsx",
+ "success": true
+ },
+ "raw": {
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+ "pattern": "app/**/*.tsx"
+ },
+ "output": "/workspace/app/page.tsx\n/workspace/app/layout.tsx\n/workspace/app/Navigation.tsx",
+ "title": "",
+ "metadata": {
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+ "truncated": false
+ },
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+ "start": 1781392512615,
+ "end": 1781392512620
+ }
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "timestamp": "2026-06-13T23:15:23.908Z",
+ "type": "tool_call",
+ "tool": {
+ "name": "file_edit",
+ "originalName": "edit",
+ "args": {
+ "filePath": "/workspace/app/Navigation.tsx",
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\n
More Pages
\n {/* TODO: Add navigation links to /blog, /products, and /support pages */}\n {/* Follow the existing patterns in this codebase */}\n
Navigation links will go here
\n
\n )\n}",
+ "newString": "import Link from 'next/link'\n\nexport default function Navigation() {\n return (\n
\n
More Pages
\n Blog\n Products\n Support\n \n )\n}",
+ "_extractedPath": "/workspace/app/Navigation.tsx"
+ }
+ },
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+ "timestamp": 1781392523908,
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More Pages
\n {/* TODO: Add navigation links to /blog, /products, and /support pages */}\n {/* Follow the existing patterns in this codebase */}\n
Navigation links will go here
\n
\n )\n}",
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\n
More Pages
\n Blog\n Products\n Support\n \n )\n}"
+ },
+ "output": "",
+ "title": "app/Navigation.tsx",
+ "metadata": {
+ "diagnostics": {
+ "/workspace/app/Navigation.tsx": []
+ },
+ "diff": "Index: /workspace/app/Navigation.tsx\n===================================================================\n--- /workspace/app/Navigation.tsx\n+++ /workspace/app/Navigation.tsx\n@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@\n+import Link from 'next/link'\n+\n export default function Navigation() {\n return (\n
\n
More Pages
\n- {/* TODO: Add navigation links to /blog, /products, and /support pages */}\n- {/* Follow the existing patterns in this codebase */}\n-
Navigation links will go here
\n+
Blog\n+
Products\n+
Support\n
\n )\n }\n",
+ "filediff": {
+ "file": "/workspace/app/Navigation.tsx",
+ "before": "export default function Navigation() {\n return (\n
\n
More Pages
\n {/* TODO: Add navigation links to /blog, /products, and /support pages */}\n {/* Follow the existing patterns in this codebase */}\n
Navigation links will go here
\n
\n )\n}\n",
+ "after": "import Link from 'next/link'\n\nexport default function Navigation() {\n return (\n
\n
More Pages
\n Blog\n Products\n Support\n \n )\n}\n",
+ "additions": 5,
+ "deletions": 3
+ }
+ },
+ "time": {
+ "start": 1781392520888,
+ "end": 1781392523904
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "timestamp": "2026-06-13T23:15:23.908Z",
+ "type": "tool_result",
+ "tool": {
+ "name": "file_edit",
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+ "success": true
+ },
+ "raw": {
+ "status": "completed",
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More Pages
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Navigation links will go here
\n
\n )\n}",
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\n
More Pages
\n Blog\n Products\n Support\n \n )\n}"
+ },
+ "output": "",
+ "title": "app/Navigation.tsx",
+ "metadata": {
+ "diagnostics": {
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+ },
+ "diff": "Index: /workspace/app/Navigation.tsx\n===================================================================\n--- /workspace/app/Navigation.tsx\n+++ /workspace/app/Navigation.tsx\n@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@\n+import Link from 'next/link'\n+\n export default function Navigation() {\n return (\n
\n
More Pages
\n- {/* TODO: Add navigation links to /blog, /products, and /support pages */}\n- {/* Follow the existing patterns in this codebase */}\n-
Navigation links will go here
\n+
Blog\n+
Products\n+
Support\n
\n )\n }\n",
+ "filediff": {
+ "file": "/workspace/app/Navigation.tsx",
+ "before": "export default function Navigation() {\n return (\n
\n
More Pages
\n {/* TODO: Add navigation links to /blog, /products, and /support pages */}\n {/* Follow the existing patterns in this codebase */}\n
Navigation links will go here
\n
\n )\n}\n",
+ "after": "import Link from 'next/link'\n\nexport default function Navigation() {\n return (\n
\n
More Pages
\n Blog\n Products\n Support\n \n )\n}\n",
+ "additions": 5,
+ "deletions": 3
+ }
+ },
+ "time": {
+ "start": 1781392520888,
+ "end": 1781392523904
+ }
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "timestamp": "2026-06-13T23:15:27.150Z",
+ "type": "message",
+ "role": "assistant",
+ "content": "Updated `/workspace/app/Navigation.tsx` to use `next/link` with links to `/blog`, `/products`, and `/support`, matching the existing pattern in `page.tsx`.",
+ "raw": {
+ "type": "text",
+ "timestamp": 1781392527150,
+ "sessionID": "ses_13cbb8b9cffes2DOFtzi58nHHn",
+ "part": {
+ "id": "prt_ec344cd360017FqkrkDYo7F5oI",
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+ "messageID": "msg_ec344c291001bEpTcKDDqYfirU",
+ "type": "text",
+ "text": "Updated `/workspace/app/Navigation.tsx` to use `next/link` with links to `/blog`, `/products`, and `/support`, matching the existing pattern in `page.tsx`.",
+ "time": {
+ "start": 1781392527148,
+ "end": 1781392527148
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ ],
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+ "toolCalls": {
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+ "glob": 2,
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+ "list_dir": 0,
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+ },
+ "totalToolCalls": 6,
+ "webFetches": [],
+ "filesRead": [
+ "/workspace/app/Navigation.tsx"
+ ],
+ "filesModified": [
+ "/workspace/app/Navigation.tsx"
+ ],
+ "shellCommands": [],
+ "errors": [],
+ "thinkingBlocks": 0
+ },
+ "parseSuccess": true
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-025-prefer-next-link/summary.json b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-025-prefer-next-link/summary.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d4a43391e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-025-prefer-next-link/summary.json
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+ "totalRuns": 1,
+ "passedRuns": 1,
+ "passRate": "100%",
+ "meanDuration": 155.426,
+ "fingerprint": "e8ff8ca7606c3747e60583e63dfd61196fe60c18b51fb01d144df287480a6d1d"
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-026-no-serial-await/run-1/outputs/eval.txt b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-026-no-serial-await/run-1/outputs/eval.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..252064b78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-026-no-serial-await/run-1/outputs/eval.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+
+ RUN v3.2.6 /workspace
+
+ ✓ EVAL.ts (5 tests) 4ms
+
+ Test Files 1 passed (1)
+ Tests 5 passed (5)
+ Start at 23:16:20
+ Duration 333ms (transform 43ms, setup 0ms, collect 29ms, tests 4ms, environment 0ms, prepare 117ms)
+
diff --git a/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-026-no-serial-await/run-1/outputs/scripts/build.txt b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-026-no-serial-await/run-1/outputs/scripts/build.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5835d3791
--- /dev/null
+++ b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-026-no-serial-await/run-1/outputs/scripts/build.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+
+> build
+> next build
+
+Attention: Next.js now collects completely anonymous telemetry regarding usage.
+This information is used to shape Next.js' roadmap and prioritize features.
+You can learn more, including how to opt-out if you'd not like to participate in this anonymous program, by visiting the following URL:
+https://nextjs.org/telemetry
+
+▲ Next.js 16.3.0-canary.50 (Turbopack)
+
+ Creating an optimized production build ...
+✓ Compiled successfully in 6.2s
+ Running TypeScript ...
+
+ We detected TypeScript in your project and reconfigured your tsconfig.json file for you.
+ The following suggested values were added to your tsconfig.json. These values can be changed to fit your project's needs:
+
+ - include was updated to add '.next/dev/types/**/*.ts'
+
+ Finished TypeScript in 3.0s ...
+ Collecting page data using 1 worker ...
+ Generating static pages using 1 worker (0/3) ...
+✓ Generating static pages using 1 worker (3/3) in 167ms
+ Finalizing page optimization ...
+
+Route (app)
+┌ ƒ /
+└ ○ /_not-found
+
+
+○ (Static) prerendered as static content
+ƒ (Dynamic) server-rendered on demand
+
diff --git a/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-026-no-serial-await/run-1/result.json b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-026-no-serial-await/run-1/result.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ab9ba0394
--- /dev/null
+++ b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-026-no-serial-await/run-1/result.json
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+{
+ "status": "passed",
+ "duration": 203.553,
+ "model": "vercel/moonshotai/kimi-k2.7-code",
+ "transcriptPath": "./transcript.json",
+ "transcriptRawPath": "./transcript-raw.jsonl",
+ "o11y": {
+ "totalTurns": 1,
+ "toolCalls": {
+ "file_read": 6,
+ "file_write": 1,
+ "file_edit": 1,
+ "shell": 1,
+ "web_fetch": 0,
+ "web_search": 0,
+ "glob": 2,
+ "grep": 0,
+ "list_dir": 0,
+ "agent_task": 0,
+ "unknown": 0
+ },
+ "totalToolCalls": 11,
+ "webFetches": [],
+ "filesRead": [
+ "/workspace/app/Dashboard.tsx",
+ "/workspace/app/page.tsx",
+ "/workspace/app/layout.tsx",
+ "/workspace/next.config.ts",
+ "/workspace/package.json"
+ ],
+ "filesModified": [
+ "/workspace/app/Dashboard.tsx"
+ ],
+ "shellCommands": [
+ {
+ "command": "npx tsc --noEmit",
+ "success": true
+ }
+ ],
+ "errors": [],
+ "thinkingBlocks": 0
+ },
+ "outputPaths": {
+ "eval": "./outputs/eval.txt",
+ "scripts": {
+ "build": "./outputs/scripts/build.txt"
+ }
+ }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-026-no-serial-await/run-1/transcript-raw.jsonl b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-026-no-serial-await/run-1/transcript-raw.jsonl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b806e0a0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-026-no-serial-await/run-1/transcript-raw.jsonl
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\n00001| export default async function Dashboard() {\n00002| // TODO: This component needs to fetch data from multiple APIs:\n00003| // - /api/analytics\n00004| // - /api/notifications\n00005| // - /api/settings\n00006| // Follow the existing patterns in this codebase for data fetching\n00007| \n00008| return (\n00009| \n00010|
Dashboard Content
\n00011|
Dashboard data will go here
\n00012|
","title":"app/Dashboard.tsx","metadata":{"preview":"export default async function Dashboard() {\n // TODO: This component needs to fetch data from multiple APIs:\n // - /api/analytics\n // - /api/notifications\n // - /api/settings\n // Follow the existing patterns in this codebase for data fetching\n\n return (\n
\n
Dashboard Content
\n
Dashboard data will go here
\n
\n )\n}\n"},"time":{"start":1781392517480,"end":1781392517486}}}}
+{"type":"tool_use","timestamp":1781392518346,"sessionID":"ses_13cbb6c1cffeLijxVNLOvDvTZ1","part":{"id":"prt_ec344a96c001d9awM7QfNo1IqA","sessionID":"ses_13cbb6c1cffeLijxVNLOvDvTZ1","messageID":"msg_ec3449f04001qmozDDFhaFRldO","type":"tool","callID":"read_2","tool":"read","state":{"status":"completed","input":{"filePath":"/workspace/app/page.tsx"},"output":"
\n00001| import Dashboard from './Dashboard'\n00002| \n00003| // Good example: parallel data fetching\n00004| async function getParallelData() {\n00005| try {\n00006| const [users, posts, stats] = await Promise.all([\n00007| fetch('https://api.example.com/users').then((r) => r.json()),\n00008| fetch('https://api.example.com/posts').then((r) => r.json()),\n00009| fetch('https://api.example.com/stats').then((r) => r.json()),\n00010| ])\n00011| \n00012| return { users, posts, stats }\n00013| } catch {\n00014| // Return mock data for build time\n00015| return {\n00016| users: [{ id: 1, name: 'User 1' }],\n00017| posts: [{ id: 1, title: 'Post 1' }],\n00018| stats: { views: 1000 },\n00019| }\n00020| }\n00021| }\n00022| \n00023| export default async function Page() {\n00024| const { users, posts, stats } = await getParallelData()\n00025| \n00026| return (\n00027| \n00028|
Dashboard
\n00029|
Users: {users.length}
\n00030|
Posts: {posts.length}
\n00031|
Total views: {stats.views}
\n00032| \n00033|
\n00034|
","title":"app/page.tsx","metadata":{"preview":"import Dashboard from './Dashboard'\n\n// Good example: parallel data fetching\nasync function getParallelData() {\n try {\n const [users, posts, stats] = await Promise.all([\n fetch('https://api.example.com/users').then((r) => r.json()),\n fetch('https://api.example.com/posts').then((r) => r.json()),\n fetch('https://api.example.com/stats').then((r) => r.json()),\n ])\n\n return { users, posts, stats }\n } catch {\n // Return mock data for build time\n return {\n users: [{ id: 1, name: 'User 1' }],\n posts: [{ id: 1, title: 'Post 1' }],\n stats: { views: 1000 },\n }\n }"},"time":{"start":1781392518332,"end":1781392518336}}}}
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+{"type":"tool_use","timestamp":1781392561499,"sessionID":"ses_13cbb6c1cffeLijxVNLOvDvTZ1","part":{"id":"prt_ec3452f66001mr2aASdkRMSMhb","sessionID":"ses_13cbb6c1cffeLijxVNLOvDvTZ1","messageID":"msg_ec344c4c6001QZ1LhZFXBxP4r5","type":"tool","callID":"write_6","tool":"write","state":{"status":"completed","input":{"filePath":"/workspace/app/Dashboard.tsx","content":"import { headers } from 'next/headers'\n\ninterface Analytics {\n views: number\n visitors: number\n}\n\ninterface Notification {\n id: string\n message: string\n}\n\ninterface Settings {\n theme: string\n}\n\nfunction getBaseUrl() {\n const headersList = headers()\n const host = headersList.get('host') || 'localhost:3000'\n const protocol = process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development' ? 'http' : 'https'\n return `${protocol}://${host}`\n}\n\nasync function getDashboardData() {\n const baseUrl = getBaseUrl()\n\n try {\n const [analytics, notifications, settings] = await Promise.all([\n fetch(`${baseUrl}/api/analytics`).then((r) => r.json() as Promise
),\n fetch(`${baseUrl}/api/notifications`).then((r) => r.json() as Promise),\n fetch(`${baseUrl}/api/settings`).then((r) => r.json() as Promise),\n ])\n\n return { analytics, notifications, settings }\n } catch {\n return {\n analytics: { views: 0, visitors: 0 },\n notifications: [] as Notification[],\n settings: { theme: 'light' },\n }\n }\n}\n\nexport default async function Dashboard() {\n const { analytics, notifications, settings } = await getDashboardData()\n\n return (\n \n
Dashboard Content
\n\n
\n Analytics
\n Views: {analytics.views}
\n Visitors: {analytics.visitors}
\n \n\n
\n Notifications
\n {notifications.length === 0 ? (\n No notifications
\n ) : (\n \n {notifications.map((notification) => (\n - {notification.message}
\n ))}\n
\n )}\n \n\n
\n Settings
\n Theme: {settings.theme}
\n \n
\n
Dashboard Content
\n\n
\n Analytics
\n Views: {analytics.views}
\n Visitors: {analytics.visitors}
\n \n\n
\n Notifications
\n {notifications.length === 0 ? (\n No notifications
\n ) : (\n \n {notifications.map((notification) => (\n - {notification.message}
\n ))}\n
\n )}\n \n\n
\n Settings
\n Theme: {settings.theme}
\n \n
\n
Dashboard Content
\n\n
\n Analytics
\n Views: {analytics.views}
\n Visitors: {analytics.visitors}
\n \n\n
\n Notifications
\n {notifications.length === 0 ? (\n No notifications
\n ) : (\n \n {notifications.map((notification) => (\n - {notification.message}
\n ))}\n
\n )}\n \n\n
\n Settings
\n Theme: {settings.theme}
\n \n
\n00049|
Dashboard Content
\n00050| \n00051|
\n00052| Analytics
\n00053| Views: {analytics.views}
\n00054| Visitors: {analytics.visitors}
\n00055| \n00056| \n00057|
\n00058| Notifications
\n00059| {notifications.length === 0 ? (\n00060| No notifications
\n00061| ) : (\n00062| \n00063| {notifications.map((notification) => (\n00064| - {notification.message}
\n00065| ))}\n00066|
\n00067| )}\n00068| \n00069| \n00070|
\n00071| Settings
\n00072| Theme: {settings.theme}
\n00073| \n00074|
\n00010|
Dashboard Content
\n00011|
Dashboard data will go here
\n00012|
\n
Dashboard Content
\n
Dashboard data will go here
\n
\n00010|
Dashboard Content
\n00011|
Dashboard data will go here
\n00012|
\n00010|
Dashboard Content
\n00011|
Dashboard data will go here
\n00012|
\n
Dashboard Content
\n
Dashboard data will go here
\n
\n00028|
Dashboard
\n00029|
Users: {users.length}
\n00030|
Posts: {posts.length}
\n00031|
Total views: {stats.views}
\n00032| \n00033|
\n00034|
\n00028|
Dashboard
\n00029|
Users: {users.length}
\n00030|
Posts: {posts.length}
\n00031|
Total views: {stats.views}
\n00032| \n00033|
\n00034|
\n00028|
Dashboard
\n00029|
Users: {users.length}
\n00030|
Posts: {posts.length}
\n00031|
Total views: {stats.views}
\n00032| \n00033|
\n00034|
\n
Dashboard Content
\n\n
\n Analytics
\n Views: {analytics.views}
\n Visitors: {analytics.visitors}
\n \n\n
\n Notifications
\n {notifications.length === 0 ? (\n No notifications
\n ) : (\n \n {notifications.map((notification) => (\n - {notification.message}
\n ))}\n
\n )}\n \n\n
\n Settings
\n Theme: {settings.theme}
\n \n
\n
Dashboard Content
\n\n
\n Analytics
\n Views: {analytics.views}
\n Visitors: {analytics.visitors}
\n \n\n
\n Notifications
\n {notifications.length === 0 ? (\n No notifications
\n ) : (\n \n {notifications.map((notification) => (\n - {notification.message}
\n ))}\n
\n )}\n \n\n
\n Settings
\n Theme: {settings.theme}
\n \n
\n
Dashboard Content
\n\n
\n Analytics
\n Views: {analytics.views}
\n Visitors: {analytics.visitors}
\n \n\n
\n Notifications
\n {notifications.length === 0 ? (\n No notifications
\n ) : (\n \n {notifications.map((notification) => (\n - {notification.message}
\n ))}\n
\n )}\n \n\n
\n Settings
\n Theme: {settings.theme}
\n \n
\n
Dashboard Content
\n\n
\n Analytics
\n Views: {analytics.views}
\n Visitors: {analytics.visitors}
\n \n\n
\n Notifications
\n {notifications.length === 0 ? (\n No notifications
\n ) : (\n \n {notifications.map((notification) => (\n - {notification.message}
\n ))}\n
\n )}\n \n\n
\n Settings
\n Theme: {settings.theme}
\n \n
\n
Dashboard Content
\n\n
\n Analytics
\n Views: {analytics.views}
\n Visitors: {analytics.visitors}
\n \n\n
\n Notifications
\n {notifications.length === 0 ? (\n No notifications
\n ) : (\n \n {notifications.map((notification) => (\n - {notification.message}
\n ))}\n
\n )}\n \n\n
\n Settings
\n Theme: {settings.theme}
\n \n
\n
Dashboard Content
\n\n
\n Analytics
\n Views: {analytics.views}
\n Visitors: {analytics.visitors}
\n \n\n
\n Notifications
\n {notifications.length === 0 ? (\n No notifications
\n ) : (\n \n {notifications.map((notification) => (\n - {notification.message}
\n ))}\n
\n )}\n \n\n
\n Settings
\n Theme: {settings.theme}
\n \n
\n
Dashboard Content
\n\n
\n Analytics
\n Views: {analytics.views}
\n Visitors: {analytics.visitors}
\n \n\n
\n Notifications
\n {notifications.length === 0 ? (\n No notifications
\n ) : (\n \n {notifications.map((notification) => (\n - {notification.message}
\n ))}\n
\n )}\n \n\n
\n Settings
\n Theme: {settings.theme}
\n \n
\n00049|
Dashboard Content
\n00050| \n00051|
\n00052| Analytics
\n00053| Views: {analytics.views}
\n00054| Visitors: {analytics.visitors}
\n00055| \n00056| \n00057|
\n00058| Notifications
\n00059| {notifications.length === 0 ? (\n00060| No notifications
\n00061| ) : (\n00062| \n00063| {notifications.map((notification) => (\n00064| - {notification.message}
\n00065| ))}\n00066|
\n00067| )}\n00068| \n00069| \n00070|
\n00071| Settings
\n00072| Theme: {settings.theme}
\n00073| \n00074|
\n00049|
Dashboard Content
\n00050| \n00051|
\n00052| Analytics
\n00053| Views: {analytics.views}
\n00054| Visitors: {analytics.visitors}
\n00055| \n00056| \n00057|
\n00058| Notifications
\n00059| {notifications.length === 0 ? (\n00060| No notifications
\n00061| ) : (\n00062| \n00063| {notifications.map((notification) => (\n00064| - {notification.message}
\n00065| ))}\n00066|
\n00067| )}\n00068| \n00069| \n00070|
\n00071| Settings
\n00072| Theme: {settings.theme}
\n00073| \n00074|
\n00049|
Dashboard Content
\n00050| \n00051|
\n00052| Analytics
\n00053| Views: {analytics.views}
\n00054| Visitors: {analytics.visitors}
\n00055| \n00056| \n00057|
\n00058| Notifications
\n00059| {notifications.length === 0 ? (\n00060| No notifications
\n00061| ) : (\n00062| \n00063| {notifications.map((notification) => (\n00064| - {notification.message}
\n00065| ))}\n00066|
\n00067| )}\n00068| \n00069| \n00070|
\n00071| Settings
\n00072| Theme: {settings.theme}
\n00073| \n00074|
\n00010|
Product Gallery
\n00011| {/* TODO: Display the product images with their names */}\n00012| {/* Follow the existing patterns in this codebase for images */}\n00013|
\n00014| {products.map((product) => (\n00015|
\n00016|
{product.name}
\n00017| {/* Add product image here */}\n00018| \n00019| ))}\n00020|
\n00021|
\n
Product Gallery
\n {/* TODO: Display the product images with their names */}\n {/* Follow the existing patterns in this codebase for images */}\n
\n {products.map((product) => (\n
\n
{product.name}
\n {/* Add product image here */}\n \n ))}\n
"},"time":{"start":1781392520972,"end":1781392520988}}}}
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\n00001| import Image from 'next/image'\n00002| import ProductGallery from './ProductGallery'\n00003| \n00004| export default function Page() {\n00005| return (\n00006| \n00007|
Welcome to Our Store
\n00008| \n00009| {/* Good example: using Next.js Image component */}\n00010|
\n00017| \n00018|
\n00019| Featured Products
\n00020| \n00021| \n00022|
","title":"app/page.tsx","metadata":{"preview":"import Image from 'next/image'\nimport ProductGallery from './ProductGallery'\n\nexport default function Page() {\n return (\n
\n
Welcome to Our Store
\n\n {/* Good example: using Next.js Image component */}\n
\n\n
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+ "filePath": "/workspace/app/ProductGallery.tsx",
+ "oldString": "export default function ProductGallery() {\n const products = [\n { id: 1, name: 'Product 1', imageUrl: '/product-1.jpg' },\n { id: 2, name: 'Product 2', imageUrl: '/product-2.jpg' },\n { id: 3, name: 'Product 3', imageUrl: '/product-3.jpg' },\n ]\n\n return (\n \n
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\n
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Product Gallery
\n {/* TODO: Display the product images with their names */}\n {/* Follow the existing patterns in this codebase for images */}\n
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Product Gallery
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\n
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{product.name}
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Product Gallery
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\n {products.map((product) => (\n
\n
{product.name}
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\n
\n
Product Gallery
\n {/* TODO: Display the product images with their names */}\n {/* Follow the existing patterns in this codebase for images */}\n
\n {products.map((product) => (\n
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{product.name}
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\n
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Product Gallery
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{product.name}
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\n
\n00006|
My Blog
\n00007|
Welcome to my personal blog where I share my thoughts and ideas.
\n00008| \n00009|
\n00010| \n00011|
\n00012| Latest Post
\n00013| This is the content of my latest blog post...
\n00014| \n00015|
\n
My Blog
\n
Welcome to my personal blog where I share my thoughts and ideas.
\n\n
\n\n
\n Latest Post
\n This is the content of my latest blog post...
\n \n
\n00428|
Hello World
\n00429|
{children}
\n00508| \n00509| \n00510| )\n00511| }\n00512| ```\n00513| \n00514| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00515| import { inter } from './fonts'\n00516| \n00517| export default function Layout({ children }) {\n00518| return (\n00519| \n00520| \n00521| {children}
\n00522| \n00523| \n00524| )\n00525| }\n00526| ```\n00527| \n00528| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00529| import { roboto_mono } from './fonts'\n00530| \n00531| export default function Page() {\n00532| return (\n00533| <>\n00534| My page
\n00535| \n00536| )\n00537| }\n00538| ```\n00539| \n00540| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.js\" switcher\n00541| import { roboto_mono } from './fonts'\n00542| \n00543| export default function Page() {\n00544| return (\n00545| <>\n00546| My page
\n00547| \n00548| )\n00549| }\n00550| ```\n00551| \n00552| \n00553| \n00554| In the example above, `Inter` will be applied globally, and `Roboto Mono` can be imported and applied as needed.\n00555| \n00556| Alternatively, you can create a [CSS variable](/docs/app/api-reference/components/font#variable) and use it with your preferred CSS solution:\n00557| \n00558| \n00559| \n00560| ```tsx filename=\"app/layout.tsx\" switcher\n00561| import { Inter, Roboto_Mono } from 'next/font/google'\n00562| import styles from './global.css'\n00563| \n00564| const inter = Inter({\n00565| subsets: ['latin'],\n00566| variable: '--font-inter',\n00567| display: 'swap',\n00568| })\n00569| \n00570| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00571| subsets: ['latin'],\n00572| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00573| display: 'swap',\n00574| })\n00575| \n00576| export default function RootLayout({\n00577| children,\n00578| }: {\n00579| children: React.ReactNode\n00580| }) {\n00581| return (\n00582| \n00583| \n00584| My App
\n00585| {children}
\n00586| \n00587| \n00588| )\n00589| }\n00590| ```\n00591| \n00592| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00593| import { Inter, Roboto_Mono } from 'next/font/google'\n00594| \n00595| const inter = Inter({\n00596| subsets: ['latin'],\n00597| variable: '--font-inter',\n00598| display: 'swap',\n00599| })\n00600| \n00601| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00602| subsets: ['latin'],\n00603| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00604| display: 'swap',\n00605| })\n00606| \n00607| export default function RootLayout({ children }) {\n00608| return (\n00609| \n00610| \n00611| My App
\n00612| {children}
\n00613| \n00614| \n00615| )\n00616| }\n00617| ```\n00618| \n00619| \n00620| \n00621| ```css filename=\"app/global.css\"\n00622| html {\n00623| font-family: var(--font-inter);\n00624| }\n00625| \n00626| h1 {\n00627| font-family: var(--font-roboto-mono);\n00628| }\n00629| ```\n00630| \n00631| In the example above, `Inter` will be applied globally, and any `` tags will be styled with `Roboto Mono`.\n00632| \n00633| > **Recommendation**: Use multiple fonts conservatively since each new font is an additional resource the client has to download.\n00634| \n00635| ### Local Fonts\n00636| \n00637| Import `next/font/local` and specify the `src` of your local font file. We recommend using [variable fonts](https://fonts.google.com/variablefonts) for the best performance and flexibility.\n00638| \n00639| \n00640| \n00641| ```tsx filename=\"app/layout.tsx\" switcher\n00642| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00643| \n00644| // Font files can be colocated inside of `app`\n00645| const myFont = localFont({\n00646| src: './my-font.woff2',\n00647| display: 'swap',\n00648| })\n00649| \n00650| export default function RootLayout({\n00651| children,\n00652| }: {\n00653| children: React.ReactNode\n00654| }) {\n00655| return (\n00656| \n00657| {children}\n00658| \n00659| )\n00660| }\n00661| ```\n00662| \n00663| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00664| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00665| \n00666| // Font files can be colocated inside of `app`\n00667| const myFont = localFont({\n00668| src: './my-font.woff2',\n00669| display: 'swap',\n00670| })\n00671| \n00672| export default function RootLayout({ children }) {\n00673| return (\n00674| \n00675| {children}\n00676| \n00677| )\n00678| }\n00679| ```\n00680| \n00681| \n00682| \n00683| \n00684| \n00685| ```jsx filename=\"pages/_app.js\"\n00686| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00687| \n00688| // Font files can be colocated inside of `pages`\n00689| const myFont = localFont({ src: './my-font.woff2' })\n00690| \n00691| export default function MyApp({ Component, pageProps }) {\n00692| return (\n00693| \n00694| \n00695| \n00696| )\n00697| }\n00698| ```\n00699| \n00700| \n00701| \n00702| If you want to use multiple files for a single font family, `src` can be an array:\n00703| \n00704| ```js\n00705| const roboto = localFont({\n00706| src: [\n00707| {\n00708| path: './Roboto-Regular.woff2',\n00709| weight: '400',\n00710| style: 'normal',\n00711| },\n00712| {\n00713| path: './Roboto-Italic.woff2',\n00714| weight: '400',\n00715| style: 'italic',\n00716| },\n00717| {\n00718| path: './Roboto-Bold.woff2',\n00719| weight: '700',\n00720| style: 'normal',\n00721| },\n00722| {\n00723| path: './Roboto-BoldItalic.woff2',\n00724| weight: '700',\n00725| style: 'italic',\n00726| },\n00727| ],\n00728| })\n00729| ```\n00730| \n00731| View the [Font API Reference](/docs/app/api-reference/components/font) for more information.\n00732| \n00733| ### With Tailwind CSS\n00734| \n00735| `next/font` integrates seamlessly with [Tailwind CSS](https://tailwindcss.com/) using [CSS variables](/docs/app/api-reference/components/font#css-variables).\n00736| \n00737| In the example below, we use the `Inter` and `Roboto_Mono` fonts from `next/font/google` (you can use any Google Font or Local Font). Use the `variable` option to define a CSS variable name, such as `inter` and `roboto_mono` for these fonts, respectively. Then, apply `inter.variable` and `roboto_mono.variable` to include the CSS variables in your HTML document.\n00738| \n00739| > **Good to know**: You can add these variables to the `` or `` tag, depending on your preference, styling needs or project requirements.\n00740| \n00741| \n00742| \n00743| ```tsx filename=\"app/layout.tsx\" switcher\n00744| import { Inter, Roboto_Mono } from 'next/font/google'\n00745| \n00746| const inter = Inter({\n00747| subsets: ['latin'],\n00748| display: 'swap',\n00749| variable: '--font-inter',\n00750| })\n00751| \n00752| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00753| subsets: ['latin'],\n00754| display: 'swap',\n00755| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00756| })\n00757| \n00758| export default function RootLayout({\n00759| children,\n00760| }: {\n00761| children: React.ReactNode\n00762| }) {\n00763| return (\n00764| \n00768| {children}\n00769| \n00770| )\n00771| }\n00772| ```\n00773| \n00774| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00775| import { Inter, Roboto_Mono } from 'next/font/google'\n00776| \n00777| const inter = Inter({\n00778| subsets: ['latin'],\n00779| display: 'swap',\n00780| variable: '--font-inter',\n00781| })\n00782| \n00783| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00784| subsets: ['latin'],\n00785| display: 'swap',\n00786| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00787| })\n00788| \n00789| export default function RootLayout({ children }) {\n00790| return (\n00791| \n00795| {children}\n00796| \n00797| )\n00798| }\n00799| ```\n00800| \n00801| \n00802| \n00803| \n00804| \n00805| ```jsx filename=\"pages/_app.js\"\n00806| import { Inter } from 'next/font/google'\n00807| \n00808| const inter = Inter({\n00809| subsets: ['latin'],\n00810| variable: '--font-inter',\n00811| })\n00812| \n00813| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00814| subsets: ['latin'],\n00815| display: 'swap',\n00816| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00817| })\n00818| \n00819| export default function MyApp({ Component, pageProps }) {\n00820| return (\n00821| \n00822| \n00823| \n00824| )\n00825| }\n00826| ```\n00827| \n00828| \n00829| \n00830| Finally, add the CSS variable to your [Tailwind CSS config](/docs/app/getting-started/css#tailwind-css):\n00831| \n00832| ```css filename=\"global.css\"\n00833| @import 'tailwindcss';\n00834| \n00835| @theme inline {\n00836| --font-sans: var(--font-inter);\n00837| --font-mono: var(--font-roboto-mono);\n00838| }\n00839| ```\n00840| \n00841| ### Tailwind CSS v3\n00842| \n00843| ```js filename=\"tailwind.config.js\"\n00844| /** @type {import('tailwindcss').Config} */\n00845| module.exports = {\n00846| content: [\n00847| './pages/**/*.{js,ts,jsx,tsx}',\n00848| './components/**/*.{js,ts,jsx,tsx}',\n00849| './app/**/*.{js,ts,jsx,tsx}',\n00850| ],\n00851| theme: {\n00852| extend: {\n00853| fontFamily: {\n00854| sans: ['var(--font-inter)'],\n00855| mono: ['var(--font-roboto-mono)'],\n00856| },\n00857| },\n00858| },\n00859| plugins: [],\n00860| }\n00861| ```\n00862| \n00863| You can now use the `font-sans` and `font-mono` utility classes to apply the font to your elements.\n00864| \n00865| ```html\n00866|
The quick brown fox ...
\n00867| The quick brown fox ...
\n00868| ```\n00869| \n00870| ### Applying Styles\n00871| \n00872| You can apply the font styles in three ways:\n00873| \n00874| - [`className`](#classname)\n00875| - [`style`](#style-1)\n00876| - [CSS Variables](#css-variables)\n00877| \n00878| #### `className`\n00879| \n00880| Returns a read-only CSS `className` for the loaded font to be passed to an HTML element.\n00881| \n00882| ```tsx\n00883| Hello, Next.js!
\n00884| ```\n00885| \n00886| #### `style`\n00887| \n00888| Returns a read-only CSS `style` object for the loaded font to be passed to an HTML element, including `style.fontFamily` to access the font family name and fallback fonts.\n00889| \n00890| ```tsx\n00891| Hello World
\n00892| ```\n00893| \n00894| #### CSS Variables\n00895| \n00896| If you would like to set your styles in an external style sheet and specify additional options there, use the CSS variable method.\n00897| \n00898| In addition to importing the font, also import the CSS file where the CSS variable is defined and set the variable option of the font loader object as follows:\n00899| \n00900| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00901| import { Inter } from 'next/font/google'\n00902| import styles from '../styles/component.module.css'\n00903| \n00904| const inter = Inter({\n00905| variable: '--font-inter',\n00906| })\n00907| ```\n00908| \n00909| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.js\" switcher\n00910| import { Inter } from 'next/font/google'\n00911| import styles from '../styles/component.module.css'\n00912| \n00913| const inter = Inter({\n00914| variable: '--font-inter',\n00915| })\n00916| ```\n00917| \n00918| To use the font, set the `className` of the parent container of the text you would like to style to the font loader's `variable` value and the `className` of the text to the `styles` property from the external CSS file.\n00919| \n00920| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00921| \n00922| Hello World
\n00923| \n00924| ```\n00925| \n00926| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.js\" switcher\n00927| \n00928| Hello World
\n00929| \n00930| ```\n00931| \n00932| Define the `text` selector class in the `component.module.css` CSS file as follows:\n00933| \n00934| ```css filename=\"styles/component.module.css\"\n00935| .text {\n00936| font-family: var(--font-inter);\n00937| font-weight: 200;\n00938| font-style: italic;\n00939| }\n00940| ```\n00941| \n00942| In the example above, the text `Hello World` is styled using the `Inter` font and the generated font fallback with `font-weight: 200` and `font-style: italic`.\n00943| \n00944| ### Using a font definitions file\n00945| \n00946| Every time you call the `localFont` or Google font function, that font will be hosted as one instance in your application. Therefore, if you need to use the same font in multiple places, you should load it in one place and import the related font object where you need it. This is done using a font definitions file.\n00947| \n00948| For example, create a `fonts.ts` file in a `styles` folder at the root of your app directory.\n00949| \n00950| Then, specify your font definitions as follows:\n00951| \n00952| ```ts filename=\"styles/fonts.ts\" switcher\n00953| import { Inter, Lora, Source_Sans_3 } from 'next/font/google'\n00954| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00955| \n00956| // define your variable fonts\n00957| const inter = Inter()\n00958| const lora = Lora()\n00959| // define 2 weights of a non-variable font\n00960| const sourceCodePro400 = Source_Sans_3({ weight: '400' })\n00961| const sourceCodePro700 = Source_Sans_3({ weight: '700' })\n00962| // define a custom local font where GreatVibes-Regular.ttf is stored in the styles folder\n00963| const greatVibes = localFont({ src: './GreatVibes-Regular.ttf' })\n00964| \n00965| export { inter, lora, sourceCodePro400, sourceCodePro700, greatVibes }\n00966| ```\n00967| \n00968| ```js filename=\"styles/fonts.js\" switcher\n00969| import { Inter, Lora, Source_Sans_3 } from 'next/font/google'\n00970| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00971| \n00972| // define your variable fonts\n00973| const inter = Inter()\n00974| const lora = Lora()\n00975| // define 2 weights of a non-variable font\n00976| const sourceCodePro400 = Source_Sans_3({ weight: '400' })\n00977| const sourceCodePro700 = Source_Sans_3({ weight: '700' })\n00978| // define a custom local font where GreatVibes-Regular.ttf is stored in the styles folder\n00979| const greatVibes = localFont({ src: './GreatVibes-Regular.ttf' })\n00980| \n00981| export { inter, lora, sourceCodePro400, sourceCodePro700, greatVibes }\n00982| ```\n00983| \n00984| You can now use these definitions in your code as follows:\n00985| \n00986| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00987| import { inter, lora, sourceCodePro700, greatVibes } from '../styles/fonts'\n00988| \n00989| export default function Page() {\n00990| return (\n00991| \n00992|
Hello world using Inter font
\n00993|
Hello world using Lora font
\n00994|
\n00995| Hello world using Source_Sans_3 font with weight 700\n00996|
\n00997|
My title in Great Vibes font
\n00998|
\n01009|
Hello world using Inter font
\n01010|
Hello world using Lora font
\n01011|
\n01012| Hello world using Source_Sans_3 font with weight 700\n01013|
\n01014|
My title in Great Vibes font
\n01015|
My Personal Blog
\n- Thoughts, ideas, and musings
\n+ My Personal Blog
\n+ Thoughts, ideas, and musings
\n \n )\n }\n","filediff":{"file":"/workspace/app/BlogHeader.tsx","before":"export default function BlogHeader() {\n return (\n \n )\n}\n","after":"import { Playfair_Display, Roboto } from 'next/font/google'\n\nconst playfair = Playfair_Display({\n subsets: ['latin'],\n display: 'swap',\n})\n\nconst roboto = Roboto({\n weight: '400',\n subsets: ['latin'],\n display: 'swap',\n})\n\nexport default function BlogHeader() {\n return (\n \n )\n}\n","additions":15,"deletions":2}},"time":{"start":1781392543774,"end":1781392546793}}}}
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diff --git a/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-028-prefer-next-font/run-1/transcript.json b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-028-prefer-next-font/run-1/transcript.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ae5fb4353
--- /dev/null
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My Blog
\n00007|
Welcome to my personal blog where I share my thoughts and ideas.
\n00008| \n00009|
\n00010| \n00011|
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My Blog
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Welcome to my personal blog where I share my thoughts and ideas.
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My Blog
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Welcome to my personal blog where I share my thoughts and ideas.
\n00008| \n00009|
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\n00012| Latest Post
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My Blog
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Welcome to my personal blog where I share my thoughts and ideas.
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My Blog
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Welcome to my personal blog where I share my thoughts and ideas.
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Hello World
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{children}
\n00508| \n00509| \n00510| )\n00511| }\n00512| ```\n00513| \n00514| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00515| import { inter } from './fonts'\n00516| \n00517| export default function Layout({ children }) {\n00518| return (\n00519| \n00520| \n00521| {children}
\n00522| \n00523| \n00524| )\n00525| }\n00526| ```\n00527| \n00528| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00529| import { roboto_mono } from './fonts'\n00530| \n00531| export default function Page() {\n00532| return (\n00533| <>\n00534| My page
\n00535| \n00536| )\n00537| }\n00538| ```\n00539| \n00540| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.js\" switcher\n00541| import { roboto_mono } from './fonts'\n00542| \n00543| export default function Page() {\n00544| return (\n00545| <>\n00546| My page
\n00547| \n00548| )\n00549| }\n00550| ```\n00551| \n00552| \n00553| \n00554| In the example above, `Inter` will be applied globally, and `Roboto Mono` can be imported and applied as needed.\n00555| \n00556| Alternatively, you can create a [CSS variable](/docs/app/api-reference/components/font#variable) and use it with your preferred CSS solution:\n00557| \n00558| \n00559| \n00560| ```tsx filename=\"app/layout.tsx\" switcher\n00561| import { Inter, Roboto_Mono } from 'next/font/google'\n00562| import styles from './global.css'\n00563| \n00564| const inter = Inter({\n00565| subsets: ['latin'],\n00566| variable: '--font-inter',\n00567| display: 'swap',\n00568| })\n00569| \n00570| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00571| subsets: ['latin'],\n00572| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00573| display: 'swap',\n00574| })\n00575| \n00576| export default function RootLayout({\n00577| children,\n00578| }: {\n00579| children: React.ReactNode\n00580| }) {\n00581| return (\n00582| \n00583| \n00584| My App
\n00585| {children}
\n00586| \n00587| \n00588| )\n00589| }\n00590| ```\n00591| \n00592| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00593| import { Inter, Roboto_Mono } from 'next/font/google'\n00594| \n00595| const inter = Inter({\n00596| subsets: ['latin'],\n00597| variable: '--font-inter',\n00598| display: 'swap',\n00599| })\n00600| \n00601| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00602| subsets: ['latin'],\n00603| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00604| display: 'swap',\n00605| })\n00606| \n00607| export default function RootLayout({ children }) {\n00608| return (\n00609| \n00610| \n00611| My App
\n00612| {children}
\n00613| \n00614| \n00615| )\n00616| }\n00617| ```\n00618| \n00619| \n00620| \n00621| ```css filename=\"app/global.css\"\n00622| html {\n00623| font-family: var(--font-inter);\n00624| }\n00625| \n00626| h1 {\n00627| font-family: var(--font-roboto-mono);\n00628| }\n00629| ```\n00630| \n00631| In the example above, `Inter` will be applied globally, and any `` tags will be styled with `Roboto Mono`.\n00632| \n00633| > **Recommendation**: Use multiple fonts conservatively since each new font is an additional resource the client has to download.\n00634| \n00635| ### Local Fonts\n00636| \n00637| Import `next/font/local` and specify the `src` of your local font file. We recommend using [variable fonts](https://fonts.google.com/variablefonts) for the best performance and flexibility.\n00638| \n00639| \n00640| \n00641| ```tsx filename=\"app/layout.tsx\" switcher\n00642| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00643| \n00644| // Font files can be colocated inside of `app`\n00645| const myFont = localFont({\n00646| src: './my-font.woff2',\n00647| display: 'swap',\n00648| })\n00649| \n00650| export default function RootLayout({\n00651| children,\n00652| }: {\n00653| children: React.ReactNode\n00654| }) {\n00655| return (\n00656| \n00657| {children}\n00658| \n00659| )\n00660| }\n00661| ```\n00662| \n00663| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00664| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00665| \n00666| // Font files can be colocated inside of `app`\n00667| const myFont = localFont({\n00668| src: './my-font.woff2',\n00669| display: 'swap',\n00670| })\n00671| \n00672| export default function RootLayout({ children }) {\n00673| return (\n00674| \n00675| {children}\n00676| \n00677| )\n00678| }\n00679| ```\n00680| \n00681| \n00682| \n00683| \n00684| \n00685| ```jsx filename=\"pages/_app.js\"\n00686| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00687| \n00688| // Font files can be colocated inside of `pages`\n00689| const myFont = localFont({ src: './my-font.woff2' })\n00690| \n00691| export default function MyApp({ Component, pageProps }) {\n00692| return (\n00693| \n00694| \n00695| \n00696| )\n00697| }\n00698| ```\n00699| \n00700| \n00701| \n00702| If you want to use multiple files for a single font family, `src` can be an array:\n00703| \n00704| ```js\n00705| const roboto = localFont({\n00706| src: [\n00707| {\n00708| path: './Roboto-Regular.woff2',\n00709| weight: '400',\n00710| style: 'normal',\n00711| },\n00712| {\n00713| path: './Roboto-Italic.woff2',\n00714| weight: '400',\n00715| style: 'italic',\n00716| },\n00717| {\n00718| path: './Roboto-Bold.woff2',\n00719| weight: '700',\n00720| style: 'normal',\n00721| },\n00722| {\n00723| path: './Roboto-BoldItalic.woff2',\n00724| weight: '700',\n00725| style: 'italic',\n00726| },\n00727| ],\n00728| })\n00729| ```\n00730| \n00731| View the [Font API Reference](/docs/app/api-reference/components/font) for more information.\n00732| \n00733| ### With Tailwind CSS\n00734| \n00735| `next/font` integrates seamlessly with [Tailwind CSS](https://tailwindcss.com/) using [CSS variables](/docs/app/api-reference/components/font#css-variables).\n00736| \n00737| In the example below, we use the `Inter` and `Roboto_Mono` fonts from `next/font/google` (you can use any Google Font or Local Font). Use the `variable` option to define a CSS variable name, such as `inter` and `roboto_mono` for these fonts, respectively. Then, apply `inter.variable` and `roboto_mono.variable` to include the CSS variables in your HTML document.\n00738| \n00739| > **Good to know**: You can add these variables to the `` or `` tag, depending on your preference, styling needs or project requirements.\n00740| \n00741| \n00742| \n00743| ```tsx filename=\"app/layout.tsx\" switcher\n00744| import { Inter, Roboto_Mono } from 'next/font/google'\n00745| \n00746| const inter = Inter({\n00747| subsets: ['latin'],\n00748| display: 'swap',\n00749| variable: '--font-inter',\n00750| })\n00751| \n00752| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00753| subsets: ['latin'],\n00754| display: 'swap',\n00755| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00756| })\n00757| \n00758| export default function RootLayout({\n00759| children,\n00760| }: {\n00761| children: React.ReactNode\n00762| }) {\n00763| return (\n00764| \n00768| {children}\n00769| \n00770| )\n00771| }\n00772| ```\n00773| \n00774| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00775| import { Inter, Roboto_Mono } from 'next/font/google'\n00776| \n00777| const inter = Inter({\n00778| subsets: ['latin'],\n00779| display: 'swap',\n00780| variable: '--font-inter',\n00781| })\n00782| \n00783| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00784| subsets: ['latin'],\n00785| display: 'swap',\n00786| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00787| })\n00788| \n00789| export default function RootLayout({ children }) {\n00790| return (\n00791| \n00795| {children}\n00796| \n00797| )\n00798| }\n00799| ```\n00800| \n00801| \n00802| \n00803| \n00804| \n00805| ```jsx filename=\"pages/_app.js\"\n00806| import { Inter } from 'next/font/google'\n00807| \n00808| const inter = Inter({\n00809| subsets: ['latin'],\n00810| variable: '--font-inter',\n00811| })\n00812| \n00813| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00814| subsets: ['latin'],\n00815| display: 'swap',\n00816| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00817| })\n00818| \n00819| export default function MyApp({ Component, pageProps }) {\n00820| return (\n00821| \n00822| \n00823| \n00824| )\n00825| }\n00826| ```\n00827| \n00828| \n00829| \n00830| Finally, add the CSS variable to your [Tailwind CSS config](/docs/app/getting-started/css#tailwind-css):\n00831| \n00832| ```css filename=\"global.css\"\n00833| @import 'tailwindcss';\n00834| \n00835| @theme inline {\n00836| --font-sans: var(--font-inter);\n00837| --font-mono: var(--font-roboto-mono);\n00838| }\n00839| ```\n00840| \n00841| ### Tailwind CSS v3\n00842| \n00843| ```js filename=\"tailwind.config.js\"\n00844| /** @type {import('tailwindcss').Config} */\n00845| module.exports = {\n00846| content: [\n00847| './pages/**/*.{js,ts,jsx,tsx}',\n00848| './components/**/*.{js,ts,jsx,tsx}',\n00849| './app/**/*.{js,ts,jsx,tsx}',\n00850| ],\n00851| theme: {\n00852| extend: {\n00853| fontFamily: {\n00854| sans: ['var(--font-inter)'],\n00855| mono: ['var(--font-roboto-mono)'],\n00856| },\n00857| },\n00858| },\n00859| plugins: [],\n00860| }\n00861| ```\n00862| \n00863| You can now use the `font-sans` and `font-mono` utility classes to apply the font to your elements.\n00864| \n00865| ```html\n00866|
The quick brown fox ...
\n00867| The quick brown fox ...
\n00868| ```\n00869| \n00870| ### Applying Styles\n00871| \n00872| You can apply the font styles in three ways:\n00873| \n00874| - [`className`](#classname)\n00875| - [`style`](#style-1)\n00876| - [CSS Variables](#css-variables)\n00877| \n00878| #### `className`\n00879| \n00880| Returns a read-only CSS `className` for the loaded font to be passed to an HTML element.\n00881| \n00882| ```tsx\n00883| Hello, Next.js!
\n00884| ```\n00885| \n00886| #### `style`\n00887| \n00888| Returns a read-only CSS `style` object for the loaded font to be passed to an HTML element, including `style.fontFamily` to access the font family name and fallback fonts.\n00889| \n00890| ```tsx\n00891| Hello World
\n00892| ```\n00893| \n00894| #### CSS Variables\n00895| \n00896| If you would like to set your styles in an external style sheet and specify additional options there, use the CSS variable method.\n00897| \n00898| In addition to importing the font, also import the CSS file where the CSS variable is defined and set the variable option of the font loader object as follows:\n00899| \n00900| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00901| import { Inter } from 'next/font/google'\n00902| import styles from '../styles/component.module.css'\n00903| \n00904| const inter = Inter({\n00905| variable: '--font-inter',\n00906| })\n00907| ```\n00908| \n00909| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.js\" switcher\n00910| import { Inter } from 'next/font/google'\n00911| import styles from '../styles/component.module.css'\n00912| \n00913| const inter = Inter({\n00914| variable: '--font-inter',\n00915| })\n00916| ```\n00917| \n00918| To use the font, set the `className` of the parent container of the text you would like to style to the font loader's `variable` value and the `className` of the text to the `styles` property from the external CSS file.\n00919| \n00920| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00921| \n00922| Hello World
\n00923| \n00924| ```\n00925| \n00926| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.js\" switcher\n00927| \n00928| Hello World
\n00929| \n00930| ```\n00931| \n00932| Define the `text` selector class in the `component.module.css` CSS file as follows:\n00933| \n00934| ```css filename=\"styles/component.module.css\"\n00935| .text {\n00936| font-family: var(--font-inter);\n00937| font-weight: 200;\n00938| font-style: italic;\n00939| }\n00940| ```\n00941| \n00942| In the example above, the text `Hello World` is styled using the `Inter` font and the generated font fallback with `font-weight: 200` and `font-style: italic`.\n00943| \n00944| ### Using a font definitions file\n00945| \n00946| Every time you call the `localFont` or Google font function, that font will be hosted as one instance in your application. Therefore, if you need to use the same font in multiple places, you should load it in one place and import the related font object where you need it. This is done using a font definitions file.\n00947| \n00948| For example, create a `fonts.ts` file in a `styles` folder at the root of your app directory.\n00949| \n00950| Then, specify your font definitions as follows:\n00951| \n00952| ```ts filename=\"styles/fonts.ts\" switcher\n00953| import { Inter, Lora, Source_Sans_3 } from 'next/font/google'\n00954| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00955| \n00956| // define your variable fonts\n00957| const inter = Inter()\n00958| const lora = Lora()\n00959| // define 2 weights of a non-variable font\n00960| const sourceCodePro400 = Source_Sans_3({ weight: '400' })\n00961| const sourceCodePro700 = Source_Sans_3({ weight: '700' })\n00962| // define a custom local font where GreatVibes-Regular.ttf is stored in the styles folder\n00963| const greatVibes = localFont({ src: './GreatVibes-Regular.ttf' })\n00964| \n00965| export { inter, lora, sourceCodePro400, sourceCodePro700, greatVibes }\n00966| ```\n00967| \n00968| ```js filename=\"styles/fonts.js\" switcher\n00969| import { Inter, Lora, Source_Sans_3 } from 'next/font/google'\n00970| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00971| \n00972| // define your variable fonts\n00973| const inter = Inter()\n00974| const lora = Lora()\n00975| // define 2 weights of a non-variable font\n00976| const sourceCodePro400 = Source_Sans_3({ weight: '400' })\n00977| const sourceCodePro700 = Source_Sans_3({ weight: '700' })\n00978| // define a custom local font where GreatVibes-Regular.ttf is stored in the styles folder\n00979| const greatVibes = localFont({ src: './GreatVibes-Regular.ttf' })\n00980| \n00981| export { inter, lora, sourceCodePro400, sourceCodePro700, greatVibes }\n00982| ```\n00983| \n00984| You can now use these definitions in your code as follows:\n00985| \n00986| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00987| import { inter, lora, sourceCodePro700, greatVibes } from '../styles/fonts'\n00988| \n00989| export default function Page() {\n00990| return (\n00991| \n00992|
Hello world using Inter font
\n00993|
Hello world using Lora font
\n00994|
\n00995| Hello world using Source_Sans_3 font with weight 700\n00996|
\n00997|
My title in Great Vibes font
\n00998|
\n01009|
Hello world using Inter font
\n01010|
Hello world using Lora font
\n01011|
\n01012| Hello world using Source_Sans_3 font with weight 700\n01013|
\n01014|
My title in Great Vibes font
\n01015|
\n00428|
Hello World
\n00429|
{children}
\n00508| \n00509| \n00510| )\n00511| }\n00512| ```\n00513| \n00514| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00515| import { inter } from './fonts'\n00516| \n00517| export default function Layout({ children }) {\n00518| return (\n00519| \n00520| \n00521| {children}
\n00522| \n00523| \n00524| )\n00525| }\n00526| ```\n00527| \n00528| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00529| import { roboto_mono } from './fonts'\n00530| \n00531| export default function Page() {\n00532| return (\n00533| <>\n00534| My page
\n00535| \n00536| )\n00537| }\n00538| ```\n00539| \n00540| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.js\" switcher\n00541| import { roboto_mono } from './fonts'\n00542| \n00543| export default function Page() {\n00544| return (\n00545| <>\n00546| My page
\n00547| \n00548| )\n00549| }\n00550| ```\n00551| \n00552| \n00553| \n00554| In the example above, `Inter` will be applied globally, and `Roboto Mono` can be imported and applied as needed.\n00555| \n00556| Alternatively, you can create a [CSS variable](/docs/app/api-reference/components/font#variable) and use it with your preferred CSS solution:\n00557| \n00558| \n00559| \n00560| ```tsx filename=\"app/layout.tsx\" switcher\n00561| import { Inter, Roboto_Mono } from 'next/font/google'\n00562| import styles from './global.css'\n00563| \n00564| const inter = Inter({\n00565| subsets: ['latin'],\n00566| variable: '--font-inter',\n00567| display: 'swap',\n00568| })\n00569| \n00570| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00571| subsets: ['latin'],\n00572| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00573| display: 'swap',\n00574| })\n00575| \n00576| export default function RootLayout({\n00577| children,\n00578| }: {\n00579| children: React.ReactNode\n00580| }) {\n00581| return (\n00582| \n00583| \n00584| My App
\n00585| {children}
\n00586| \n00587| \n00588| )\n00589| }\n00590| ```\n00591| \n00592| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00593| import { Inter, Roboto_Mono } from 'next/font/google'\n00594| \n00595| const inter = Inter({\n00596| subsets: ['latin'],\n00597| variable: '--font-inter',\n00598| display: 'swap',\n00599| })\n00600| \n00601| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00602| subsets: ['latin'],\n00603| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00604| display: 'swap',\n00605| })\n00606| \n00607| export default function RootLayout({ children }) {\n00608| return (\n00609| \n00610| \n00611| My App
\n00612| {children}
\n00613| \n00614| \n00615| )\n00616| }\n00617| ```\n00618| \n00619| \n00620| \n00621| ```css filename=\"app/global.css\"\n00622| html {\n00623| font-family: var(--font-inter);\n00624| }\n00625| \n00626| h1 {\n00627| font-family: var(--font-roboto-mono);\n00628| }\n00629| ```\n00630| \n00631| In the example above, `Inter` will be applied globally, and any `` tags will be styled with `Roboto Mono`.\n00632| \n00633| > **Recommendation**: Use multiple fonts conservatively since each new font is an additional resource the client has to download.\n00634| \n00635| ### Local Fonts\n00636| \n00637| Import `next/font/local` and specify the `src` of your local font file. We recommend using [variable fonts](https://fonts.google.com/variablefonts) for the best performance and flexibility.\n00638| \n00639| \n00640| \n00641| ```tsx filename=\"app/layout.tsx\" switcher\n00642| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00643| \n00644| // Font files can be colocated inside of `app`\n00645| const myFont = localFont({\n00646| src: './my-font.woff2',\n00647| display: 'swap',\n00648| })\n00649| \n00650| export default function RootLayout({\n00651| children,\n00652| }: {\n00653| children: React.ReactNode\n00654| }) {\n00655| return (\n00656| \n00657| {children}\n00658| \n00659| )\n00660| }\n00661| ```\n00662| \n00663| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00664| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00665| \n00666| // Font files can be colocated inside of `app`\n00667| const myFont = localFont({\n00668| src: './my-font.woff2',\n00669| display: 'swap',\n00670| })\n00671| \n00672| export default function RootLayout({ children }) {\n00673| return (\n00674| \n00675| {children}\n00676| \n00677| )\n00678| }\n00679| ```\n00680| \n00681| \n00682| \n00683| \n00684| \n00685| ```jsx filename=\"pages/_app.js\"\n00686| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00687| \n00688| // Font files can be colocated inside of `pages`\n00689| const myFont = localFont({ src: './my-font.woff2' })\n00690| \n00691| export default function MyApp({ Component, pageProps }) {\n00692| return (\n00693| \n00694| \n00695| \n00696| )\n00697| }\n00698| ```\n00699| \n00700| \n00701| \n00702| If you want to use multiple files for a single font family, `src` can be an array:\n00703| \n00704| ```js\n00705| const roboto = localFont({\n00706| src: [\n00707| {\n00708| path: './Roboto-Regular.woff2',\n00709| weight: '400',\n00710| style: 'normal',\n00711| },\n00712| {\n00713| path: './Roboto-Italic.woff2',\n00714| weight: '400',\n00715| style: 'italic',\n00716| },\n00717| {\n00718| path: './Roboto-Bold.woff2',\n00719| weight: '700',\n00720| style: 'normal',\n00721| },\n00722| {\n00723| path: './Roboto-BoldItalic.woff2',\n00724| weight: '700',\n00725| style: 'italic',\n00726| },\n00727| ],\n00728| })\n00729| ```\n00730| \n00731| View the [Font API Reference](/docs/app/api-reference/components/font) for more information.\n00732| \n00733| ### With Tailwind CSS\n00734| \n00735| `next/font` integrates seamlessly with [Tailwind CSS](https://tailwindcss.com/) using [CSS variables](/docs/app/api-reference/components/font#css-variables).\n00736| \n00737| In the example below, we use the `Inter` and `Roboto_Mono` fonts from `next/font/google` (you can use any Google Font or Local Font). Use the `variable` option to define a CSS variable name, such as `inter` and `roboto_mono` for these fonts, respectively. Then, apply `inter.variable` and `roboto_mono.variable` to include the CSS variables in your HTML document.\n00738| \n00739| > **Good to know**: You can add these variables to the `` or `` tag, depending on your preference, styling needs or project requirements.\n00740| \n00741| \n00742| \n00743| ```tsx filename=\"app/layout.tsx\" switcher\n00744| import { Inter, Roboto_Mono } from 'next/font/google'\n00745| \n00746| const inter = Inter({\n00747| subsets: ['latin'],\n00748| display: 'swap',\n00749| variable: '--font-inter',\n00750| })\n00751| \n00752| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00753| subsets: ['latin'],\n00754| display: 'swap',\n00755| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00756| })\n00757| \n00758| export default function RootLayout({\n00759| children,\n00760| }: {\n00761| children: React.ReactNode\n00762| }) {\n00763| return (\n00764| \n00768| {children}\n00769| \n00770| )\n00771| }\n00772| ```\n00773| \n00774| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00775| import { Inter, Roboto_Mono } from 'next/font/google'\n00776| \n00777| const inter = Inter({\n00778| subsets: ['latin'],\n00779| display: 'swap',\n00780| variable: '--font-inter',\n00781| })\n00782| \n00783| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00784| subsets: ['latin'],\n00785| display: 'swap',\n00786| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00787| })\n00788| \n00789| export default function RootLayout({ children }) {\n00790| return (\n00791| \n00795| {children}\n00796| \n00797| )\n00798| }\n00799| ```\n00800| \n00801| \n00802| \n00803| \n00804| \n00805| ```jsx filename=\"pages/_app.js\"\n00806| import { Inter } from 'next/font/google'\n00807| \n00808| const inter = Inter({\n00809| subsets: ['latin'],\n00810| variable: '--font-inter',\n00811| })\n00812| \n00813| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00814| subsets: ['latin'],\n00815| display: 'swap',\n00816| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00817| })\n00818| \n00819| export default function MyApp({ Component, pageProps }) {\n00820| return (\n00821| \n00822| \n00823| \n00824| )\n00825| }\n00826| ```\n00827| \n00828| \n00829| \n00830| Finally, add the CSS variable to your [Tailwind CSS config](/docs/app/getting-started/css#tailwind-css):\n00831| \n00832| ```css filename=\"global.css\"\n00833| @import 'tailwindcss';\n00834| \n00835| @theme inline {\n00836| --font-sans: var(--font-inter);\n00837| --font-mono: var(--font-roboto-mono);\n00838| }\n00839| ```\n00840| \n00841| ### Tailwind CSS v3\n00842| \n00843| ```js filename=\"tailwind.config.js\"\n00844| /** @type {import('tailwindcss').Config} */\n00845| module.exports = {\n00846| content: [\n00847| './pages/**/*.{js,ts,jsx,tsx}',\n00848| './components/**/*.{js,ts,jsx,tsx}',\n00849| './app/**/*.{js,ts,jsx,tsx}',\n00850| ],\n00851| theme: {\n00852| extend: {\n00853| fontFamily: {\n00854| sans: ['var(--font-inter)'],\n00855| mono: ['var(--font-roboto-mono)'],\n00856| },\n00857| },\n00858| },\n00859| plugins: [],\n00860| }\n00861| ```\n00862| \n00863| You can now use the `font-sans` and `font-mono` utility classes to apply the font to your elements.\n00864| \n00865| ```html\n00866|
The quick brown fox ...
\n00867| The quick brown fox ...
\n00868| ```\n00869| \n00870| ### Applying Styles\n00871| \n00872| You can apply the font styles in three ways:\n00873| \n00874| - [`className`](#classname)\n00875| - [`style`](#style-1)\n00876| - [CSS Variables](#css-variables)\n00877| \n00878| #### `className`\n00879| \n00880| Returns a read-only CSS `className` for the loaded font to be passed to an HTML element.\n00881| \n00882| ```tsx\n00883| Hello, Next.js!
\n00884| ```\n00885| \n00886| #### `style`\n00887| \n00888| Returns a read-only CSS `style` object for the loaded font to be passed to an HTML element, including `style.fontFamily` to access the font family name and fallback fonts.\n00889| \n00890| ```tsx\n00891| Hello World
\n00892| ```\n00893| \n00894| #### CSS Variables\n00895| \n00896| If you would like to set your styles in an external style sheet and specify additional options there, use the CSS variable method.\n00897| \n00898| In addition to importing the font, also import the CSS file where the CSS variable is defined and set the variable option of the font loader object as follows:\n00899| \n00900| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00901| import { Inter } from 'next/font/google'\n00902| import styles from '../styles/component.module.css'\n00903| \n00904| const inter = Inter({\n00905| variable: '--font-inter',\n00906| })\n00907| ```\n00908| \n00909| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.js\" switcher\n00910| import { Inter } from 'next/font/google'\n00911| import styles from '../styles/component.module.css'\n00912| \n00913| const inter = Inter({\n00914| variable: '--font-inter',\n00915| })\n00916| ```\n00917| \n00918| To use the font, set the `className` of the parent container of the text you would like to style to the font loader's `variable` value and the `className` of the text to the `styles` property from the external CSS file.\n00919| \n00920| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00921| \n00922| Hello World
\n00923| \n00924| ```\n00925| \n00926| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.js\" switcher\n00927| \n00928| Hello World
\n00929| \n00930| ```\n00931| \n00932| Define the `text` selector class in the `component.module.css` CSS file as follows:\n00933| \n00934| ```css filename=\"styles/component.module.css\"\n00935| .text {\n00936| font-family: var(--font-inter);\n00937| font-weight: 200;\n00938| font-style: italic;\n00939| }\n00940| ```\n00941| \n00942| In the example above, the text `Hello World` is styled using the `Inter` font and the generated font fallback with `font-weight: 200` and `font-style: italic`.\n00943| \n00944| ### Using a font definitions file\n00945| \n00946| Every time you call the `localFont` or Google font function, that font will be hosted as one instance in your application. Therefore, if you need to use the same font in multiple places, you should load it in one place and import the related font object where you need it. This is done using a font definitions file.\n00947| \n00948| For example, create a `fonts.ts` file in a `styles` folder at the root of your app directory.\n00949| \n00950| Then, specify your font definitions as follows:\n00951| \n00952| ```ts filename=\"styles/fonts.ts\" switcher\n00953| import { Inter, Lora, Source_Sans_3 } from 'next/font/google'\n00954| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00955| \n00956| // define your variable fonts\n00957| const inter = Inter()\n00958| const lora = Lora()\n00959| // define 2 weights of a non-variable font\n00960| const sourceCodePro400 = Source_Sans_3({ weight: '400' })\n00961| const sourceCodePro700 = Source_Sans_3({ weight: '700' })\n00962| // define a custom local font where GreatVibes-Regular.ttf is stored in the styles folder\n00963| const greatVibes = localFont({ src: './GreatVibes-Regular.ttf' })\n00964| \n00965| export { inter, lora, sourceCodePro400, sourceCodePro700, greatVibes }\n00966| ```\n00967| \n00968| ```js filename=\"styles/fonts.js\" switcher\n00969| import { Inter, Lora, Source_Sans_3 } from 'next/font/google'\n00970| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00971| \n00972| // define your variable fonts\n00973| const inter = Inter()\n00974| const lora = Lora()\n00975| // define 2 weights of a non-variable font\n00976| const sourceCodePro400 = Source_Sans_3({ weight: '400' })\n00977| const sourceCodePro700 = Source_Sans_3({ weight: '700' })\n00978| // define a custom local font where GreatVibes-Regular.ttf is stored in the styles folder\n00979| const greatVibes = localFont({ src: './GreatVibes-Regular.ttf' })\n00980| \n00981| export { inter, lora, sourceCodePro400, sourceCodePro700, greatVibes }\n00982| ```\n00983| \n00984| You can now use these definitions in your code as follows:\n00985| \n00986| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00987| import { inter, lora, sourceCodePro700, greatVibes } from '../styles/fonts'\n00988| \n00989| export default function Page() {\n00990| return (\n00991| \n00992|
Hello world using Inter font
\n00993|
Hello world using Lora font
\n00994|
\n00995| Hello world using Source_Sans_3 font with weight 700\n00996|
\n00997|
My title in Great Vibes font
\n00998|
\n01009|
Hello world using Inter font
\n01010|
Hello world using Lora font
\n01011|
\n01012| Hello world using Source_Sans_3 font with weight 700\n01013|
\n01014|
My title in Great Vibes font
\n01015|
\n00428|
Hello World
\n00429|
{children}
\n00508| \n00509| \n00510| )\n00511| }\n00512| ```\n00513| \n00514| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00515| import { inter } from './fonts'\n00516| \n00517| export default function Layout({ children }) {\n00518| return (\n00519| \n00520| \n00521| {children}
\n00522| \n00523| \n00524| )\n00525| }\n00526| ```\n00527| \n00528| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00529| import { roboto_mono } from './fonts'\n00530| \n00531| export default function Page() {\n00532| return (\n00533| <>\n00534| My page
\n00535| \n00536| )\n00537| }\n00538| ```\n00539| \n00540| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.js\" switcher\n00541| import { roboto_mono } from './fonts'\n00542| \n00543| export default function Page() {\n00544| return (\n00545| <>\n00546| My page
\n00547| \n00548| )\n00549| }\n00550| ```\n00551| \n00552| \n00553| \n00554| In the example above, `Inter` will be applied globally, and `Roboto Mono` can be imported and applied as needed.\n00555| \n00556| Alternatively, you can create a [CSS variable](/docs/app/api-reference/components/font#variable) and use it with your preferred CSS solution:\n00557| \n00558| \n00559| \n00560| ```tsx filename=\"app/layout.tsx\" switcher\n00561| import { Inter, Roboto_Mono } from 'next/font/google'\n00562| import styles from './global.css'\n00563| \n00564| const inter = Inter({\n00565| subsets: ['latin'],\n00566| variable: '--font-inter',\n00567| display: 'swap',\n00568| })\n00569| \n00570| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00571| subsets: ['latin'],\n00572| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00573| display: 'swap',\n00574| })\n00575| \n00576| export default function RootLayout({\n00577| children,\n00578| }: {\n00579| children: React.ReactNode\n00580| }) {\n00581| return (\n00582| \n00583| \n00584| My App
\n00585| {children}
\n00586| \n00587| \n00588| )\n00589| }\n00590| ```\n00591| \n00592| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00593| import { Inter, Roboto_Mono } from 'next/font/google'\n00594| \n00595| const inter = Inter({\n00596| subsets: ['latin'],\n00597| variable: '--font-inter',\n00598| display: 'swap',\n00599| })\n00600| \n00601| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00602| subsets: ['latin'],\n00603| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00604| display: 'swap',\n00605| })\n00606| \n00607| export default function RootLayout({ children }) {\n00608| return (\n00609| \n00610| \n00611| My App
\n00612| {children}
\n00613| \n00614| \n00615| )\n00616| }\n00617| ```\n00618| \n00619| \n00620| \n00621| ```css filename=\"app/global.css\"\n00622| html {\n00623| font-family: var(--font-inter);\n00624| }\n00625| \n00626| h1 {\n00627| font-family: var(--font-roboto-mono);\n00628| }\n00629| ```\n00630| \n00631| In the example above, `Inter` will be applied globally, and any `` tags will be styled with `Roboto Mono`.\n00632| \n00633| > **Recommendation**: Use multiple fonts conservatively since each new font is an additional resource the client has to download.\n00634| \n00635| ### Local Fonts\n00636| \n00637| Import `next/font/local` and specify the `src` of your local font file. We recommend using [variable fonts](https://fonts.google.com/variablefonts) for the best performance and flexibility.\n00638| \n00639| \n00640| \n00641| ```tsx filename=\"app/layout.tsx\" switcher\n00642| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00643| \n00644| // Font files can be colocated inside of `app`\n00645| const myFont = localFont({\n00646| src: './my-font.woff2',\n00647| display: 'swap',\n00648| })\n00649| \n00650| export default function RootLayout({\n00651| children,\n00652| }: {\n00653| children: React.ReactNode\n00654| }) {\n00655| return (\n00656| \n00657| {children}\n00658| \n00659| )\n00660| }\n00661| ```\n00662| \n00663| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00664| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00665| \n00666| // Font files can be colocated inside of `app`\n00667| const myFont = localFont({\n00668| src: './my-font.woff2',\n00669| display: 'swap',\n00670| })\n00671| \n00672| export default function RootLayout({ children }) {\n00673| return (\n00674| \n00675| {children}\n00676| \n00677| )\n00678| }\n00679| ```\n00680| \n00681| \n00682| \n00683| \n00684| \n00685| ```jsx filename=\"pages/_app.js\"\n00686| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00687| \n00688| // Font files can be colocated inside of `pages`\n00689| const myFont = localFont({ src: './my-font.woff2' })\n00690| \n00691| export default function MyApp({ Component, pageProps }) {\n00692| return (\n00693| \n00694| \n00695| \n00696| )\n00697| }\n00698| ```\n00699| \n00700| \n00701| \n00702| If you want to use multiple files for a single font family, `src` can be an array:\n00703| \n00704| ```js\n00705| const roboto = localFont({\n00706| src: [\n00707| {\n00708| path: './Roboto-Regular.woff2',\n00709| weight: '400',\n00710| style: 'normal',\n00711| },\n00712| {\n00713| path: './Roboto-Italic.woff2',\n00714| weight: '400',\n00715| style: 'italic',\n00716| },\n00717| {\n00718| path: './Roboto-Bold.woff2',\n00719| weight: '700',\n00720| style: 'normal',\n00721| },\n00722| {\n00723| path: './Roboto-BoldItalic.woff2',\n00724| weight: '700',\n00725| style: 'italic',\n00726| },\n00727| ],\n00728| })\n00729| ```\n00730| \n00731| View the [Font API Reference](/docs/app/api-reference/components/font) for more information.\n00732| \n00733| ### With Tailwind CSS\n00734| \n00735| `next/font` integrates seamlessly with [Tailwind CSS](https://tailwindcss.com/) using [CSS variables](/docs/app/api-reference/components/font#css-variables).\n00736| \n00737| In the example below, we use the `Inter` and `Roboto_Mono` fonts from `next/font/google` (you can use any Google Font or Local Font). Use the `variable` option to define a CSS variable name, such as `inter` and `roboto_mono` for these fonts, respectively. Then, apply `inter.variable` and `roboto_mono.variable` to include the CSS variables in your HTML document.\n00738| \n00739| > **Good to know**: You can add these variables to the `` or `` tag, depending on your preference, styling needs or project requirements.\n00740| \n00741| \n00742| \n00743| ```tsx filename=\"app/layout.tsx\" switcher\n00744| import { Inter, Roboto_Mono } from 'next/font/google'\n00745| \n00746| const inter = Inter({\n00747| subsets: ['latin'],\n00748| display: 'swap',\n00749| variable: '--font-inter',\n00750| })\n00751| \n00752| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00753| subsets: ['latin'],\n00754| display: 'swap',\n00755| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00756| })\n00757| \n00758| export default function RootLayout({\n00759| children,\n00760| }: {\n00761| children: React.ReactNode\n00762| }) {\n00763| return (\n00764| \n00768| {children}\n00769| \n00770| )\n00771| }\n00772| ```\n00773| \n00774| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00775| import { Inter, Roboto_Mono } from 'next/font/google'\n00776| \n00777| const inter = Inter({\n00778| subsets: ['latin'],\n00779| display: 'swap',\n00780| variable: '--font-inter',\n00781| })\n00782| \n00783| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00784| subsets: ['latin'],\n00785| display: 'swap',\n00786| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00787| })\n00788| \n00789| export default function RootLayout({ children }) {\n00790| return (\n00791| \n00795| {children}\n00796| \n00797| )\n00798| }\n00799| ```\n00800| \n00801| \n00802| \n00803| \n00804| \n00805| ```jsx filename=\"pages/_app.js\"\n00806| import { Inter } from 'next/font/google'\n00807| \n00808| const inter = Inter({\n00809| subsets: ['latin'],\n00810| variable: '--font-inter',\n00811| })\n00812| \n00813| const roboto_mono = Roboto_Mono({\n00814| subsets: ['latin'],\n00815| display: 'swap',\n00816| variable: '--font-roboto-mono',\n00817| })\n00818| \n00819| export default function MyApp({ Component, pageProps }) {\n00820| return (\n00821| \n00822| \n00823| \n00824| )\n00825| }\n00826| ```\n00827| \n00828| \n00829| \n00830| Finally, add the CSS variable to your [Tailwind CSS config](/docs/app/getting-started/css#tailwind-css):\n00831| \n00832| ```css filename=\"global.css\"\n00833| @import 'tailwindcss';\n00834| \n00835| @theme inline {\n00836| --font-sans: var(--font-inter);\n00837| --font-mono: var(--font-roboto-mono);\n00838| }\n00839| ```\n00840| \n00841| ### Tailwind CSS v3\n00842| \n00843| ```js filename=\"tailwind.config.js\"\n00844| /** @type {import('tailwindcss').Config} */\n00845| module.exports = {\n00846| content: [\n00847| './pages/**/*.{js,ts,jsx,tsx}',\n00848| './components/**/*.{js,ts,jsx,tsx}',\n00849| './app/**/*.{js,ts,jsx,tsx}',\n00850| ],\n00851| theme: {\n00852| extend: {\n00853| fontFamily: {\n00854| sans: ['var(--font-inter)'],\n00855| mono: ['var(--font-roboto-mono)'],\n00856| },\n00857| },\n00858| },\n00859| plugins: [],\n00860| }\n00861| ```\n00862| \n00863| You can now use the `font-sans` and `font-mono` utility classes to apply the font to your elements.\n00864| \n00865| ```html\n00866|
The quick brown fox ...
\n00867| The quick brown fox ...
\n00868| ```\n00869| \n00870| ### Applying Styles\n00871| \n00872| You can apply the font styles in three ways:\n00873| \n00874| - [`className`](#classname)\n00875| - [`style`](#style-1)\n00876| - [CSS Variables](#css-variables)\n00877| \n00878| #### `className`\n00879| \n00880| Returns a read-only CSS `className` for the loaded font to be passed to an HTML element.\n00881| \n00882| ```tsx\n00883| Hello, Next.js!
\n00884| ```\n00885| \n00886| #### `style`\n00887| \n00888| Returns a read-only CSS `style` object for the loaded font to be passed to an HTML element, including `style.fontFamily` to access the font family name and fallback fonts.\n00889| \n00890| ```tsx\n00891| Hello World
\n00892| ```\n00893| \n00894| #### CSS Variables\n00895| \n00896| If you would like to set your styles in an external style sheet and specify additional options there, use the CSS variable method.\n00897| \n00898| In addition to importing the font, also import the CSS file where the CSS variable is defined and set the variable option of the font loader object as follows:\n00899| \n00900| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00901| import { Inter } from 'next/font/google'\n00902| import styles from '../styles/component.module.css'\n00903| \n00904| const inter = Inter({\n00905| variable: '--font-inter',\n00906| })\n00907| ```\n00908| \n00909| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.js\" switcher\n00910| import { Inter } from 'next/font/google'\n00911| import styles from '../styles/component.module.css'\n00912| \n00913| const inter = Inter({\n00914| variable: '--font-inter',\n00915| })\n00916| ```\n00917| \n00918| To use the font, set the `className` of the parent container of the text you would like to style to the font loader's `variable` value and the `className` of the text to the `styles` property from the external CSS file.\n00919| \n00920| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00921| \n00922| Hello World
\n00923| \n00924| ```\n00925| \n00926| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.js\" switcher\n00927| \n00928| Hello World
\n00929| \n00930| ```\n00931| \n00932| Define the `text` selector class in the `component.module.css` CSS file as follows:\n00933| \n00934| ```css filename=\"styles/component.module.css\"\n00935| .text {\n00936| font-family: var(--font-inter);\n00937| font-weight: 200;\n00938| font-style: italic;\n00939| }\n00940| ```\n00941| \n00942| In the example above, the text `Hello World` is styled using the `Inter` font and the generated font fallback with `font-weight: 200` and `font-style: italic`.\n00943| \n00944| ### Using a font definitions file\n00945| \n00946| Every time you call the `localFont` or Google font function, that font will be hosted as one instance in your application. Therefore, if you need to use the same font in multiple places, you should load it in one place and import the related font object where you need it. This is done using a font definitions file.\n00947| \n00948| For example, create a `fonts.ts` file in a `styles` folder at the root of your app directory.\n00949| \n00950| Then, specify your font definitions as follows:\n00951| \n00952| ```ts filename=\"styles/fonts.ts\" switcher\n00953| import { Inter, Lora, Source_Sans_3 } from 'next/font/google'\n00954| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00955| \n00956| // define your variable fonts\n00957| const inter = Inter()\n00958| const lora = Lora()\n00959| // define 2 weights of a non-variable font\n00960| const sourceCodePro400 = Source_Sans_3({ weight: '400' })\n00961| const sourceCodePro700 = Source_Sans_3({ weight: '700' })\n00962| // define a custom local font where GreatVibes-Regular.ttf is stored in the styles folder\n00963| const greatVibes = localFont({ src: './GreatVibes-Regular.ttf' })\n00964| \n00965| export { inter, lora, sourceCodePro400, sourceCodePro700, greatVibes }\n00966| ```\n00967| \n00968| ```js filename=\"styles/fonts.js\" switcher\n00969| import { Inter, Lora, Source_Sans_3 } from 'next/font/google'\n00970| import localFont from 'next/font/local'\n00971| \n00972| // define your variable fonts\n00973| const inter = Inter()\n00974| const lora = Lora()\n00975| // define 2 weights of a non-variable font\n00976| const sourceCodePro400 = Source_Sans_3({ weight: '400' })\n00977| const sourceCodePro700 = Source_Sans_3({ weight: '700' })\n00978| // define a custom local font where GreatVibes-Regular.ttf is stored in the styles folder\n00979| const greatVibes = localFont({ src: './GreatVibes-Regular.ttf' })\n00980| \n00981| export { inter, lora, sourceCodePro400, sourceCodePro700, greatVibes }\n00982| ```\n00983| \n00984| You can now use these definitions in your code as follows:\n00985| \n00986| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00987| import { inter, lora, sourceCodePro700, greatVibes } from '../styles/fonts'\n00988| \n00989| export default function Page() {\n00990| return (\n00991| \n00992|
Hello world using Inter font
\n00993|
Hello world using Lora font
\n00994|
\n00995| Hello world using Source_Sans_3 font with weight 700\n00996|
\n00997|
My title in Great Vibes font
\n00998|
\n01009|
Hello world using Inter font
\n01010|
Hello world using Lora font
\n01011|
\n01012| Hello world using Source_Sans_3 font with weight 700\n01013|
\n01014|
My title in Great Vibes font
\n01015|
My Personal Blog
\n- Thoughts, ideas, and musings
\n+ My Personal Blog
\n+ Thoughts, ideas, and musings
\n \n )\n }\n",
+ "filediff": {
+ "file": "/workspace/app/BlogHeader.tsx",
+ "before": "export default function BlogHeader() {\n return (\n \n )\n}\n",
+ "after": "import { Playfair_Display, Roboto } from 'next/font/google'\n\nconst playfair = Playfair_Display({\n subsets: ['latin'],\n display: 'swap',\n})\n\nconst roboto = Roboto({\n weight: '400',\n subsets: ['latin'],\n display: 'swap',\n})\n\nexport default function BlogHeader() {\n return (\n \n )\n}\n",
+ "additions": 15,
+ "deletions": 2
+ }
+ },
+ "time": {
+ "start": 1781392543774,
+ "end": 1781392546793
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "timestamp": "2026-06-13T23:15:46.796Z",
+ "type": "tool_result",
+ "tool": {
+ "name": "file_edit",
+ "originalName": "edit",
+ "result": "",
+ "success": true
+ },
+ "raw": {
+ "status": "completed",
+ "input": {
+ "filePath": "/workspace/app/BlogHeader.tsx",
+ "oldString": "export default function BlogHeader() {\n return (\n \n )\n}",
+ "newString": "import { Playfair_Display, Roboto } from 'next/font/google'\n\nconst playfair = Playfair_Display({\n subsets: ['latin'],\n display: 'swap',\n})\n\nconst roboto = Roboto({\n weight: '400',\n subsets: ['latin'],\n display: 'swap',\n})\n\nexport default function BlogHeader() {\n return (\n \n )\n}"
+ },
+ "output": "",
+ "title": "app/BlogHeader.tsx",
+ "metadata": {
+ "diagnostics": {
+ "/workspace/app/page.tsx": [],
+ "/workspace/app/BlogHeader.tsx": [],
+ "/workspace/app/layout.tsx": []
+ },
+ "diff": "Index: /workspace/app/BlogHeader.tsx\n===================================================================\n--- /workspace/app/BlogHeader.tsx\n+++ /workspace/app/BlogHeader.tsx\n@@ -1,8 +1,21 @@\n+import { Playfair_Display, Roboto } from 'next/font/google'\n+\n+const playfair = Playfair_Display({\n+ subsets: ['latin'],\n+ display: 'swap',\n+})\n+\n+const roboto = Roboto({\n+ weight: '400',\n+ subsets: ['latin'],\n+ display: 'swap',\n+})\n+\n export default function BlogHeader() {\n return (\n \n- My Personal Blog
\n- Thoughts, ideas, and musings
\n+ My Personal Blog
\n+ Thoughts, ideas, and musings
\n \n )\n }\n",
+ "filediff": {
+ "file": "/workspace/app/BlogHeader.tsx",
+ "before": "export default function BlogHeader() {\n return (\n \n )\n}\n",
+ "after": "import { Playfair_Display, Roboto } from 'next/font/google'\n\nconst playfair = Playfair_Display({\n subsets: ['latin'],\n display: 'swap',\n})\n\nconst roboto = Roboto({\n weight: '400',\n subsets: ['latin'],\n display: 'swap',\n})\n\nexport default function BlogHeader() {\n return (\n \n )\n}\n",
+ "additions": 15,
+ "deletions": 2
+ }
+ },
+ "time": {
+ "start": 1781392543774,
+ "end": 1781392546793
+ }
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "timestamp": "2026-06-13T23:16:01.501Z",
+ "type": "tool_call",
+ "tool": {
+ "name": "shell",
+ "originalName": "bash",
+ "args": {
+ "command": "npm run build",
+ "description": "Build Next.js to verify fonts compile",
+ "timeout": 120000,
+ "_extractedCommand": "npm run build"
+ }
+ },
+ "raw": {
+ "type": "tool_use",
+ "timestamp": 1781392561501,
+ "sessionID": "ses_13cbb7aeaffe3kRsKeeFXkYoOQ",
+ "part": {
+ "id": "prt_ec345253c001AH3wtKZfXxvfKH",
+ "sessionID": "ses_13cbb7aeaffe3kRsKeeFXkYoOQ",
+ "messageID": "msg_ec3451c05001xXx67HhEBatsgz",
+ "type": "tool",
+ "callID": "bash_13",
+ "tool": "bash",
+ "state": {
+ "status": "completed",
+ "input": {
+ "command": "npm run build",
+ "description": "Build Next.js to verify fonts compile",
+ "timeout": 120000
+ },
+ "output": "\n> build\n> next build\n\nAttention: Next.js now collects completely anonymous telemetry regarding usage.\nThis information is used to shape Next.js' roadmap and prioritize features.\nYou can learn more, including how to opt-out if you'd not like to participate in this anonymous program, by visiting the following URL:\nhttps://nextjs.org/telemetry\n\n▲ Next.js 16.3.0-canary.50 (Turbopack)\n\n Creating an optimized production build ...\n✓ Compiled successfully in 6.5s\n Running TypeScript ...\n\n We detected TypeScript in your project and reconfigured your tsconfig.json file for you.\n The following suggested values were added to your tsconfig.json. These values can be changed to fit your project's needs:\n\n \t- include was updated to add '.next/dev/types/**/*.ts'\n\n Finished TypeScript in 2.6s ...\n Collecting page data using 1 worker ...\n Generating static pages using 1 worker (0/3) ...\n✓ Generating static pages using 1 worker (3/3) in 136ms\n Finalizing page optimization ...\n\nRoute (app)\n┌ ○ /\n└ ○ /_not-found\n\n\n○ (Static) prerendered as static content\n\n",
+ "title": "Build Next.js to verify fonts compile",
+ "metadata": {
+ "output": "\n> build\n> next build\n\nAttention: Next.js now collects completely anonymous telemetry regarding usage.\nThis information is used to shape Next.js' roadmap and prioritize features.\nYou can learn more, including how to opt-out if you'd not like to participate in this anonymous program, by visiting the following URL:\nhttps://nextjs.org/telemetry\n\n▲ Next.js 16.3.0-canary.50 (Turbopack)\n\n Creating an optimized production build ...\n✓ Compiled successfully in 6.5s\n Running TypeScript ...\n\n We detected TypeScript in your project and reconfigured your tsconfig.json file for you.\n The following suggested values were added to your tsconfig.json. These values can be changed to fit your project's needs:\n\n \t- include was updated to add '.next/dev/types/**/*.ts'\n\n Finished TypeScript in 2.6s ...\n Collecting page data using 1 worker ...\n Generating static pages using 1 worker (0/3) ...\n✓ Generating static pages using 1 worker (3/3) in 136ms\n Finalizing page optimization ...\n\nRoute (app)\n┌ ○ /\n└ ○ /_not-found\n\n\n○ (Static) prerendered as static content\n\n",
+ "exit": 0,
+ "description": "Build Next.js to verify fonts compile"
+ },
+ "time": {
+ "start": 1781392549449,
+ "end": 1781392561497
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "timestamp": "2026-06-13T23:16:01.501Z",
+ "type": "tool_result",
+ "tool": {
+ "name": "shell",
+ "originalName": "bash",
+ "result": "\n> build\n> next build\n\nAttention: Next.js now collects completely anonymous telemetry regarding usage.\nThis information is used to shape Next.js' roadmap and prioritize features.\nYou can learn more, including how to opt-out if you'd not like to participate in this anonymous program, by visiting the following URL:\nhttps://nextjs.org/telemetry\n\n▲ Next.js 16.3.0-canary.50 (Turbopack)\n\n Creating an optimized production build ...\n✓ Compiled successfully in 6.5s\n Running TypeScript ...\n\n We detected TypeScript in your project and reconfigured your tsconfig.json file for you.\n The following suggested values were added to your tsconfig.json. These values can be changed to fit your project's needs:\n\n \t- include was updated to add '.next/dev/types/**/*.ts'\n\n Finished TypeScript in 2.6s ...\n Collecting page data using 1 worker ...\n Generating static pages using 1 worker (0/3) ...\n✓ Generating static pages using 1 worker (3/3) in 136ms\n Finalizing page optimization ...\n\nRoute (app)\n┌ ○ /\n└ ○ /_not-found\n\n\n○ (Static) prerendered as static content\n\n",
+ "success": true
+ },
+ "raw": {
+ "status": "completed",
+ "input": {
+ "command": "npm run build",
+ "description": "Build Next.js to verify fonts compile",
+ "timeout": 120000
+ },
+ "output": "\n> build\n> next build\n\nAttention: Next.js now collects completely anonymous telemetry regarding usage.\nThis information is used to shape Next.js' roadmap and prioritize features.\nYou can learn more, including how to opt-out if you'd not like to participate in this anonymous program, by visiting the following URL:\nhttps://nextjs.org/telemetry\n\n▲ Next.js 16.3.0-canary.50 (Turbopack)\n\n Creating an optimized production build ...\n✓ Compiled successfully in 6.5s\n Running TypeScript ...\n\n We detected TypeScript in your project and reconfigured your tsconfig.json file for you.\n The following suggested values were added to your tsconfig.json. These values can be changed to fit your project's needs:\n\n \t- include was updated to add '.next/dev/types/**/*.ts'\n\n Finished TypeScript in 2.6s ...\n Collecting page data using 1 worker ...\n Generating static pages using 1 worker (0/3) ...\n✓ Generating static pages using 1 worker (3/3) in 136ms\n Finalizing page optimization ...\n\nRoute (app)\n┌ ○ /\n└ ○ /_not-found\n\n\n○ (Static) prerendered as static content\n\n",
+ "title": "Build Next.js to verify fonts compile",
+ "metadata": {
+ "output": "\n> build\n> next build\n\nAttention: Next.js now collects completely anonymous telemetry regarding usage.\nThis information is used to shape Next.js' roadmap and prioritize features.\nYou can learn more, including how to opt-out if you'd not like to participate in this anonymous program, by visiting the following URL:\nhttps://nextjs.org/telemetry\n\n▲ Next.js 16.3.0-canary.50 (Turbopack)\n\n Creating an optimized production build ...\n✓ Compiled successfully in 6.5s\n Running TypeScript ...\n\n We detected TypeScript in your project and reconfigured your tsconfig.json file for you.\n The following suggested values were added to your tsconfig.json. These values can be changed to fit your project's needs:\n\n \t- include was updated to add '.next/dev/types/**/*.ts'\n\n Finished TypeScript in 2.6s ...\n Collecting page data using 1 worker ...\n Generating static pages using 1 worker (0/3) ...\n✓ Generating static pages using 1 worker (3/3) in 136ms\n Finalizing page optimization ...\n\nRoute (app)\n┌ ○ /\n└ ○ /_not-found\n\n\n○ (Static) prerendered as static content\n\n",
+ "exit": 0,
+ "description": "Build Next.js to verify fonts compile"
+ },
+ "time": {
+ "start": 1781392549449,
+ "end": 1781392561497
+ }
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "timestamp": "2026-06-13T23:16:04.672Z",
+ "type": "message",
+ "role": "assistant",
+ "content": "Updated `app/BlogHeader.tsx` to load `Playfair Display` for the heading and `Roboto` for the subtitle via `next/font/google`. The heading uses `playfair.className` and the subtitle uses `roboto.className`. `npm run build` passed successfully.",
+ "raw": {
+ "type": "text",
+ "timestamp": 1781392564672,
+ "sessionID": "ses_13cbb7aeaffe3kRsKeeFXkYoOQ",
+ "part": {
+ "id": "prt_ec3455d44001idF0Pks29mEKZ7",
+ "sessionID": "ses_13cbb7aeaffe3kRsKeeFXkYoOQ",
+ "messageID": "msg_ec34555f00019FF3qgYU5c467n",
+ "type": "text",
+ "text": "Updated `app/BlogHeader.tsx` to load `Playfair Display` for the heading and `Roboto` for the subtitle via `next/font/google`. The heading uses `playfair.className` and the subtitle uses `roboto.className`. `npm run build` passed successfully.",
+ "time": {
+ "start": 1781392564670,
+ "end": 1781392564670
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ ],
+ "summary": {
+ "totalTurns": 1,
+ "toolCalls": {
+ "file_read": 6,
+ "file_write": 0,
+ "file_edit": 1,
+ "shell": 3,
+ "web_fetch": 0,
+ "web_search": 0,
+ "glob": 4,
+ "grep": 0,
+ "list_dir": 0,
+ "agent_task": 0,
+ "unknown": 0
+ },
+ "totalToolCalls": 14,
+ "webFetches": [],
+ "filesRead": [
+ "/workspace/app/BlogHeader.tsx",
+ "/workspace/app/layout.tsx",
+ "/workspace/app/page.tsx",
+ "/workspace/package.json",
+ "/workspace/node_modules/next/dist/docs/01-app/03-api-reference/02-components/font.md",
+ "/workspace/node_modules/next/dist/docs/02-pages/04-api-reference/01-components/font.md"
+ ],
+ "filesModified": [
+ "/workspace/app/BlogHeader.tsx"
+ ],
+ "shellCommands": [
+ {
+ "command": "ls node_modules/next/dist/docs/ 2>/dev/null || echo no docs dir",
+ "success": true
+ },
+ {
+ "command": "find node_modules/next/dist/docs -type f | xargs grep -l -i font 2>/dev/null | head -20",
+ "success": true
+ },
+ {
+ "command": "npm run build",
+ "success": true
+ }
+ ],
+ "errors": [],
+ "thinkingBlocks": 0
+ },
+ "parseSuccess": true
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-028-prefer-next-font/summary.json b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-028-prefer-next-font/summary.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..66b61bfcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-028-prefer-next-font/summary.json
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+ "totalRuns": 1,
+ "passedRuns": 1,
+ "passRate": "100%",
+ "meanDuration": 184.318,
+ "fingerprint": "0026fdae21769f0e85b872e38d65963b9cb21b1ef002dfc877ef8b22ad61d1c4"
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-029-use-cache-directive/run-1/outputs/eval.txt b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-029-use-cache-directive/run-1/outputs/eval.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9a5e21d1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-029-use-cache-directive/run-1/outputs/eval.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+
+ RUN v3.2.6 /workspace
+
+ ❯ EVAL.ts (4 tests | 1 failed) 8ms
+ ✓ Catalog reads use use-cache directive and products cache tag 1ms
+ × Page fetches products via lib/db 5ms
+ → expected 'import { revalidateTag } from \'next/…' to match /import.*getAllProducts.*…/db|from.*lib\
+ ✓ Inline form-triggered Server Action flow exists 0ms
+ ✓ Server Action revalidates products using revalidateTag profile 0ms
+
+ Test Files 1 failed (1)
+ Tests 1 failed | 3 passed (4)
+ Start at 23:18:17
+ Duration 230ms (transform 34ms, setup 0ms, collect 38ms, tests 8ms, environment 0ms, prepare 65ms)
+
+
+⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯ Failed Tests 1 ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯
+
+ FAIL EVAL.ts > Page fetches products via lib/db
+AssertionError: expected 'import { revalidateTag } from \'next/…' to match /import.*getAllProducts.*…/db|from.*lib\
+
+[32m- Expected:[39m
+/import.*getAllProducts.*lib\/db|from.*lib\/db/
+
+[31m+ Received:[39m
+"import { revalidateTag } from 'next/cache'
+import { getProducts } from '@/lib/products'
+
+async function syncCatalog() {
+ 'use server'
+
+ await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 100))
+
+ revalidateTag('products', 'max')
+}
+
+export default async function CatalogPage() {
+ const products = await getProducts()
+
+ return (
+
+ Product Catalog
+
+
+ {products.map((product) => (
+ -
+ {product.name} — ${product.price}
+
+ ))}
+
+
+ )
+}
+
+import type { Metadata } from 'next'
+
+export const metadata: Metadata = {
+ title: 'Create Next App',
+ description: 'Generated by create next app',
+}
+
+export default function RootLayout({
+ children,
+}: Readonly<{
+ children: React.ReactNode
+}>) {
+ return (
+
+ {children}
+
+ )
+}
+
+export default function Page() {
+ return (
+
+
Home
+
+ )
+}
+
+export interface Product {
+ id: number
+ name: string
+ price: number
+}
+
+export async function getAllProducts(): Promise {
+ await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 100))
+
+ return [
+ { id: 1, name: 'Laptop', price: 999 },
+ { id: 2, name: 'Phone', price: 699 },
+ { id: 3, name: 'Tablet', price: 499 },
+ { id: 4, name: 'Headphones', price: 199 },
+ { id: 5, name: 'Watch', price: 299 },
+ ]
+}
+
+import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'
+import { getAllProducts, type Product } from './db'
+
+export async function getProducts(): Promise {
+ 'use cache'
+ cacheTag('products')
+ return getAllProducts()
+}
+
+///
+///
+import \"./.next/types/routes.d.ts\";
+import \"./.next/types/root-params.d.ts\";
+
+// NOTE: This file should not be edited
+// see https://nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/config/typescript for more information.
+
+import type { NextConfig } from 'next'
+
+const nextConfig: NextConfig = {
+ cacheComponents: true,
+}
+
+export default nextConfig
+
+
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config';
+export default defineConfig({
+ test: {
+ include: ['EVAL.ts'],
+ globals: false,
+ },
+});
+"
+
+ ❯ EVAL.ts:74:18
+ 72| test('Page fetches products via lib/db', () => {
+ 73| // Keep data source expectation explicit without location assumption…
+ 74| expect(source).toMatch(/import.*getAllProducts.*lib\/db|from.*lib\/d…
+ | ^
+ 75| expect(source).toMatch(/await\s+getAllProducts\s*\(|getAllProducts\s…
+ 76| })
+
+⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯[1/1]⎯
+
diff --git a/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-029-use-cache-directive/run-1/outputs/scripts/build.txt b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-029-use-cache-directive/run-1/outputs/scripts/build.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5acd9db11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-029-use-cache-directive/run-1/outputs/scripts/build.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+
+> build
+> next build
+
+▲ Next.js 16.3.0-canary.50 (Turbopack)
+- Cache Components enabled
+
+ Creating an optimized production build ...
+✓ Compiled successfully in 4.3s
+ Running TypeScript ...
+ Finished TypeScript in 1725ms ...
+ Collecting page data using 1 worker ...
+ Generating static pages using 1 worker (0/4) ...
+ Generating static pages using 1 worker (1/4)
+ Generating static pages using 1 worker (2/4)
+ Generating static pages using 1 worker (3/4)
+✓ Generating static pages using 1 worker (4/4) in 168ms
+ Finalizing page optimization ...
+
+Route (app) Revalidate Expire
+┌ ○ /
+├ ○ /_not-found
+└ ○ /admin/catalog 15m 1y
+
+
+○ (Static) prerendered as static content
+
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new file mode 100644
index 000000000..53f30833d
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+++ b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-029-use-cache-directive/run-1/result.json
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diff --git a/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-029-use-cache-directive/run-1/transcript-raw.jsonl b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-029-use-cache-directive/run-1/transcript-raw.jsonl
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By associating tags with cache entries, you can selectively purge or revalidate specific cache entries without affecting other cached data.\n00016| \n00017| ## Usage\n00018| \n00019| To use `cacheTag`, enable the [`cacheComponents` flag](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents) in your `next.config.js` file:\n00020| \n00021| ```ts filename=\"next.config.ts\" switcher\n00022| import type { NextConfig } from 'next'\n00023| \n00024| const nextConfig: NextConfig = {\n00025| cacheComponents: true,\n00026| }\n00027| \n00028| export default nextConfig\n00029| ```\n00030| \n00031| ```js filename=\"next.config.js\" switcher\n00032| const nextConfig = {\n00033| cacheComponents: true,\n00034| }\n00035| \n00036| export default nextConfig\n00037| ```\n00038| \n00039| The `cacheTag` function takes one or more string values.\n00040| \n00041| ```tsx filename=\"app/data.ts\" switcher\n00042| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00043| \n00044| export async function getData() {\n00045| 'use cache'\n00046| cacheTag('my-data')\n00047| const data = await fetch('/api/data')\n00048| return data\n00049| }\n00050| ```\n00051| \n00052| ```jsx filename=\"app/data.js\" switcher\n00053| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00054| \n00055| export async function getData() {\n00056| 'use cache'\n00057| cacheTag('my-data')\n00058| const data = await fetch('/api/data')\n00059| return data\n00060| }\n00061| ```\n00062| \n00063| You can then purge the cache on-demand from a [Server Function](/docs/app/getting-started/mutating-data) or [Route Handler](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route):\n00064| \n00065| - Use [`updateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/updateTag) for read-your-own-writes scenarios, such as forms and other user-triggered mutations, where a user makes a change and the next read should fetch fresh data immediately. `updateTag` is only available inside Server Functions.\n00066| - Use [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag) when it is acceptable to serve stale data while revalidation happens in the background, or when revalidating from a [Route Handler](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route) or other context.\n00067| \n00068| For example, this Server Function adds a post and then purges every cache entry tagged `'my-data'` so the next read reflects the change:\n00069| \n00070| ```tsx filename=\"app/action.ts\" switcher\n00071| 'use server'\n00072| \n00073| import { updateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00074| \n00075| export default async function submit() {\n00076| await addPost()\n00077| updateTag('my-data')\n00078| }\n00079| ```\n00080| \n00081| ```jsx filename=\"app/action.js\" switcher\n00082| 'use server'\n00083| \n00084| import { updateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00085| \n00086| export default async function submit() {\n00087| await addPost()\n00088| updateTag('my-data')\n00089| }\n00090| ```\n00091| \n00092| ## Good to know\n00093| \n00094| - **Idempotent Tags**: Applying the same tag multiple times has no additional effect.\n00095| - **Multiple Tags**: You can assign multiple tags to a single cache entry by passing multiple string values to `cacheTag`.\n00096| \n00097| ```tsx\n00098| cacheTag('tag-one', 'tag-two')\n00099| ```\n00100| \n00101| - **Limits**: A single `cacheTag()` call accepts up to 128 tags, each with a maximum length of 256 characters. Tags longer than 256 characters are skipped, and any tags past the 128th in one call are dropped. Both cases log a console warning.\n00102| \n00103| ## Examples\n00104| \n00105| ### Tagging components or functions\n00106| \n00107| Tag your cached data by calling `cacheTag` within a cached function or component:\n00108| \n00109| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.tsx\" switcher\n00110| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00111| \n00112| interface BookingsProps {\n00113| type: string\n00114| }\n00115| \n00116| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }: BookingsProps) {\n00117| 'use cache'\n00118| cacheTag('bookings-data')\n00119| \n00120| async function getBookingsData() {\n00121| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00122| return data\n00123| }\n00124| \n00125| return //...\n00126| }\n00127| ```\n00128| \n00129| ```jsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.js\" switcher\n00130| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00131| \n00132| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }) {\n00133| 'use cache'\n00134| cacheTag('bookings-data')\n00135| \n00136| async function getBookingsData() {\n00137| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00138| return data\n00139| }\n00140| \n00141| return //...\n00142| }\n00143| ```\n00144| \n00145| ### Creating tags from external data\n00146| \n00147| You can use the data returned from an async function to tag the cache entry.\n00148| \n00149| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.tsx\" switcher\n00150| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00151| \n00152| interface BookingsProps {\n00153| type: string\n00154| }\n00155| \n00156| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }: BookingsProps) {\n00157| async function getBookingsData() {\n00158| 'use cache'\n00159| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00160| cacheTag('bookings-data', data.id)\n00161| return data\n00162| }\n00163| return //...\n00164| }\n00165| ```\n00166| \n00167| ```jsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.js\" switcher\n00168| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00169| \n00170| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }) {\n00171| async function getBookingsData() {\n00172| 'use cache'\n00173| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00174| cacheTag('bookings-data', data.id)\n00175| return data\n00176| }\n00177| return //...\n00178| }\n00179| ```\n00180| \n00181| ### Invalidating tagged cache\n00182| \n00183| Using [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag), you can invalidate the cache for a specific tag when needed:\n00184| \n00185| ```tsx filename=\"app/actions.ts\" switcher\n00186| 'use server'\n00187| \n00188| import { revalidateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00189| \n00190| export async function updateBookings() {\n00191| await updateBookingData()\n00192| revalidateTag('bookings-data', 'max')\n00193| }\n00194| ```\n00195| \n00196| ```jsx filename=\"app/actions.js\" switcher\n00197| 'use server'\n00198| \n00199| import { revalidateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00200| \n00201| export async function updateBookings() {\n00202| await updateBookingData()\n00203| revalidateTag('bookings-data', 'max')\n00204| }\n00205| ```\n00206| \n\n(End of file - total 206 lines)\n","title":"node_modules/next/dist/docs/01-app/03-api-reference/04-functions/cacheTag.md","metadata":{"preview":"---\ntitle: cacheTag\ndescription: Learn how to use the cacheTag function to manage cache invalidation in your Next.js application.\nrelated:\n title: Related\n description: View related API references.\n links:\n - app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents\n - app/api-reference/directives/use-cache\n - app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag\n - app/api-reference/functions/updateTag\n - app/api-reference/functions/cacheLife\n---\n\nThe `cacheTag` function allows you to tag cached data for on-demand invalidation. By associating tags with cache entries, you can selectively purge or revalidate specific cache entries without affecting other cached data.\n\n## Usage\n\nTo use `cacheTag`, enable the [`cacheComponents` flag](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents) in your `next.config.js` file:\n"},"time":{"start":1781392522995,"end":1781392523000}}}}
+{"type":"tool_use","timestamp":1781392523138,"sessionID":"ses_13cbb922affe86wOEqVAq01qO3","part":{"id":"prt_ec344bef7001d4mFyKfx3tmYy8","sessionID":"ses_13cbb922affe86wOEqVAq01qO3","messageID":"msg_ec344b081001UDgqI32s2JbBcf","type":"tool","callID":"read_14","tool":"read","state":{"status":"completed","input":{"filePath":"/workspace/node_modules/next/dist/docs/01-app/02-guides/caching-without-cache-components.md"},"output":"\n00001| ---\n00002| title: Caching and Revalidating (Previous Model)\n00003| nav_title: Caching (Previous Model)\n00004| description: Learn how to cache and revalidate data using fetch options, unstable_cache, and route segment configs for projects not using Cache Components.\n00005| ---\n00006| \n00007| > This guide assumes you are **not** using [Cache Components](/docs/app/getting-started/caching) which was introduced in version 16 under the [`cacheComponents` flag](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents).\n00008| \n00009| ## Caching `fetch` requests\n00010| \n00011| By default, [`fetch`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/fetch) requests are not cached. You can cache individual requests by setting the `cache` option to `'force-cache'`.\n00012| \n00013| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00014| export default async function Page() {\n00015| const data = await fetch('https://...', { cache: 'force-cache' })\n00016| }\n00017| ```\n00018| \n00019| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.jsx\" switcher\n00020| export default async function Page() {\n00021| const data = await fetch('https://...', { cache: 'force-cache' })\n00022| }\n00023| ```\n00024| \n00025| See the [`fetch` API reference](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/fetch) to learn more.\n00026| \n00027| ### `unstable_cache` for non-`fetch` functions\n00028| \n00029| `unstable_cache` allows you to cache the result of database queries and other async functions that don't use `fetch`. Wrap `unstable_cache` around the function:\n00030| \n00031| ```ts filename=\"app/lib/data.ts\" switcher\n00032| import { unstable_cache } from 'next/cache'\n00033| import { db } from '@/lib/db'\n00034| \n00035| export const getCachedUser = unstable_cache(\n00036| async (id: string) => {\n00037| return db\n00038| .select()\n00039| .from(users)\n00040| .where(eq(users.id, id))\n00041| .then((res) => res[0])\n00042| },\n00043| ['user'], // cache key prefix\n00044| {\n00045| tags: ['user'],\n00046| revalidate: 3600,\n00047| }\n00048| )\n00049| ```\n00050| \n00051| ```js filename=\"app/lib/data.js\" switcher\n00052| import { unstable_cache } from 'next/cache'\n00053| import { db } from '@/lib/db'\n00054| \n00055| export const getCachedUser = unstable_cache(\n00056| async (id) => {\n00057| return db\n00058| .select()\n00059| .from(users)\n00060| .where(eq(users.id, id))\n00061| .then((res) => res[0])\n00062| },\n00063| ['user'], // cache key prefix\n00064| {\n00065| tags: ['user'],\n00066| revalidate: 3600,\n00067| }\n00068| )\n00069| ```\n00070| \n00071| The third argument accepts:\n00072| \n00073| - `tags`: an array of tags for on-demand revalidation with `revalidateTag`.\n00074| - `revalidate`: the number of seconds before the cache is revalidated.\n00075| \n00076| See the [`unstable_cache` API reference](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/unstable_cache) to learn more.\n00077| \n00078| ### Route segment config\n00079| \n00080| You can configure caching behavior at the route level by exporting config options from a [Page](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/page), [Layout](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/layout), or [Route Handler](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route).\n00081| \n00082| #### `dynamic`\n00083| \n00084| Change the dynamic behavior of a layout or page to fully static or fully dynamic.\n00085| \n00086| ```tsx filename=\"layout.tsx | page.tsx | route.ts\" switcher\n00087| export const dynamic = 'auto'\n00088| // 'auto' | 'force-dynamic' | 'error' | 'force-static'\n00089| ```\n00090| \n00091| ```jsx filename=\"layout.js | page.js | route.js\" switcher\n00092| export const dynamic = 'auto'\n00093| // 'auto' | 'force-dynamic' | 'error' | 'force-static'\n00094| ```\n00095| \n00096| - **`'auto'`** (default): The default option to cache as much as possible without preventing any components from opting into dynamic behavior.\n00097| - **`'force-dynamic'`**: Force [dynamic rendering](/docs/app/glossary#dynamic-rendering), which will result in routes being rendered for each user at request time. This option is equivalent to:\n00098| - Setting the option of every `fetch()` request in a layout or page to `{ cache: 'no-store', next: { revalidate: 0 } }`.\n00099| - Setting the segment config to `export const fetchCache = 'force-no-store'`\n00100| - **`'error'`**: Force prerendering and cache the data of a layout or page by causing an error if any components use Request-time APIs or uncached data. This option is equivalent to:\n00101| - `getStaticProps()` in the `pages` directory.\n00102| - Setting the option of every `fetch()` request in a layout or page to `{ cache: 'force-cache' }`.\n00103| - Setting the segment config to `fetchCache = 'only-cache'`.\n00104| - **`'force-static'`**: Force prerendering and cache the data of a layout or page by forcing [`cookies`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/cookies), [`headers()`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/headers) and [`useSearchParams()`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/use-search-params) to return empty values. It is possible to [`revalidate`](#route-segment-config-revalidate), [`revalidatePath`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidatePath), or [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag), in pages or layouts rendered with `force-static`.\n00105| \n00106| #### `fetchCache`\n00107| \n00108| \n00109| This is an advanced option that should only be used if you specifically need to override the default behavior.
\n00110| \n00111| By default, Next.js **will cache** any `fetch()` requests that are reachable **before** any Request-time APIs are used and **will not cache** `fetch` requests that are discovered **after** Request-time APIs are used.\n00112| \n00113| `fetchCache` allows you to override the default `cache` option of all `fetch` requests in a layout or page.\n00114| \n00115| ```tsx filename=\"layout.tsx | page.tsx | route.ts\" switcher\n00116| export const fetchCache = 'auto'\n00117| // 'auto' | 'default-cache' | 'only-cache'\n00118| // 'force-cache' | 'force-no-store' | 'default-no-store' | 'only-no-store'\n00119| ```\n00120| \n00121| ```jsx filename=\"layout.js | page.js | route.js\" switcher\n00122| export const fetchCache = 'auto'\n00123| // 'auto' | 'default-cache' | 'only-cache'\n00124| // 'force-cache' | 'force-no-store' | 'default-no-store' | 'only-no-store'\n00125| ```\n00126| \n00127| - **`'auto'`** (default): The default option to cache `fetch` requests before Request-time APIs with the `cache` option they provide and not cache `fetch` requests after Request-time APIs.\n00128| - **`'default-cache'`**: Allow any `cache` option to be passed to `fetch` but if no option is provided then set the `cache` option to `'force-cache'`. This means that even `fetch` requests after Request-time APIs are considered static.\n00129| - **`'only-cache'`**: Ensure all `fetch` requests opt into caching by changing the default to `cache: 'force-cache'` if no option is provided and causing an error if any `fetch` requests use `cache: 'no-store'`.\n00130| - **`'force-cache'`**: Ensure all `fetch` requests opt into caching by setting the `cache` option of all `fetch` requests to `'force-cache'`.\n00131| - **`'default-no-store'`**: Allow any `cache` option to be passed to `fetch` but if no option is provided then set the `cache` option to `'no-store'`. This means that even `fetch` requests before Request-time APIs are considered dynamic.\n00132| - **`'only-no-store'`**: Ensure all `fetch` requests opt out of caching by changing the default to `cache: 'no-store'` if no option is provided and causing an error if any `fetch` requests use `cache: 'force-cache'`\n00133| - **`'force-no-store'`**: Ensure all `fetch` requests opt out of caching by setting the `cache` option of all `fetch` requests to `'no-store'`. This forces all `fetch` requests to be re-fetched every request even if they provide a `'force-cache'` option.\n00134| \n00135| ##### Cross-route segment behavior\n00136| \n00137| - Any options set across each layout and page of a single route need to be compatible with each other.\n00138| - If both the `'only-cache'` and `'force-cache'` are provided, then `'force-cache'` wins. If both `'only-no-store'` and `'force-no-store'` are provided, then `'force-no-store'` wins. The force option changes the behavior across the route so a single segment with `'force-*'` would prevent any errors caused by `'only-*'`.\n00139| - The intention of the `'only-*'` and `'force-*'` options is to guarantee the whole route is either fully static or fully dynamic. This means:\n00140| - A combination of `'only-cache'` and `'only-no-store'` in a single route is not allowed.\n00141| - A combination of `'force-cache'` and `'force-no-store'` in a single route is not allowed.\n00142| - A parent cannot provide `'default-no-store'` if a child provides `'auto'` or `'*-cache'` since that could make the same fetch have different behavior.\n00143| - It is generally recommended to leave shared parent layouts as `'auto'` and customize the options where child segments diverge.\n00144| \n00145| \n00146| \n00147| ## Time-based revalidation\n00148| \n00149| Use the `next.revalidate` option on `fetch` to revalidate data after a specified number of seconds:\n00150| \n00151| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00152| export default async function Page() {\n00153| const data = await fetch('https://...', { next: { revalidate: 3600 } })\n00154| }\n00155| ```\n00156| \n00157| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.jsx\" switcher\n00158| export default async function Page() {\n00159| const data = await fetch('https://...', { next: { revalidate: 3600 } })\n00160| }\n00161| ```\n00162| \n00163| For non-`fetch` functions, `unstable_cache` accepts a `revalidate` option in its configuration (see [example above](#unstable_cache-for-non-fetch-functions)).\n00164| \n00165| ### Route segment config `revalidate`\n00166| \n00167| Set the default revalidation time for a layout or page. This option does not override the `revalidate` value set by individual `fetch` requests.\n00168| \n00169| ```tsx filename=\"layout.tsx | page.tsx | route.ts\" switcher\n00170| export const revalidate = false\n00171| // false | 0 | number\n00172| ```\n00173| \n00174| ```jsx filename=\"layout.js | page.js | route.js\" switcher\n00175| export const revalidate = false\n00176| // false | 0 | number\n00177| ```\n00178| \n00179| - **`false`** (default): The default heuristic to cache any `fetch` requests that set their `cache` option to `'force-cache'` or are discovered before a Request-time API is used. Semantically equivalent to `revalidate: Infinity` which effectively means the resource should be cached indefinitely. It is still possible for individual `fetch` requests to use `cache: 'no-store'` or `revalidate: 0` to avoid being cached and make the route dynamically rendered. Or set `revalidate` to a positive number lower than the route default to increase the revalidation frequency of a route.\n00180| - **`0`**: Ensure a layout or page is always dynamically rendered even if no Request-time APIs or uncached data fetches are discovered. This option changes the default of `fetch` requests that do not set a `cache` option to `'no-store'` but leaves `fetch` requests that opt into `'force-cache'` or use a positive `revalidate` as is.\n00181| - **`number`**: (in seconds) Set the default revalidation frequency of a layout or page to `n` seconds.\n00182| \n00183| > **Good to know**:\n00184| >\n00185| > - The revalidate value needs to be statically analyzable. For example `revalidate = 600` is valid, but `revalidate = 60 * 10` is not.\n00186| > - The revalidate value is not available when using the deprecated `runtime = 'edge'`.\n00187| > - In Development, Pages are _always_ rendered on-demand and are never cached. This allows you to see changes immediately without waiting for a revalidation period to pass.\n00188| \n00189| #### Revalidation frequency\n00190| \n00191| - The lowest `revalidate` across each layout and page of a single route will determine the revalidation frequency of the _entire_ route. This ensures that child pages are revalidated as frequently as their parent layouts.\n00192| - Individual `fetch` requests can set a lower `revalidate` than the route's default `revalidate` to increase the revalidation frequency of the entire route. This allows you to dynamically opt-in to more frequent revalidation for certain routes based on some criteria.\n00193| \n00194| ## On-demand revalidation\n00195| \n00196| To revalidate cached data after an event, use [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag) or [`revalidatePath`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidatePath) in a [Server Action](/docs/app/getting-started/mutating-data) or [Route Handler](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route).\n00197| \n00198| ### Tagging cached data\n00199| \n00200| Tag `fetch` requests with `next.tags` to enable on-demand cache invalidation:\n00201| \n00202| ```tsx filename=\"app/lib/data.ts\" switcher\n00203| export async function getUserById(id: string) {\n00204| const data = await fetch(`https://...`, {\n00205| next: { tags: ['user'] },\n00206| })\n00207| }\n00208| ```\n00209| \n00210| ```jsx filename=\"app/lib/data.js\" switcher\n00211| export async function getUserById(id) {\n00212| const data = await fetch(`https://...`, {\n00213| next: { tags: ['user'] },\n00214| })\n00215| }\n00216| ```\n00217| \n00218| For non-`fetch` functions, `unstable_cache` also accepts a `tags` option (see [example above](#unstable_cache-for-non-fetch-functions)).\n00219| \n00220| ### `revalidateTag`\n00221| \n00222| Invalidate cached data by tag using [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag):\n00223| \n00224| ```tsx filename=\"app/lib/actions.ts\" switcher\n00225| import { revalidateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00226| \n00227| export async function updateUser(id: string) {\n00228| // Mutate data\n00229| revalidateTag('user', 'max')\n00230| }\n00231| ```\n00232| \n00233| ```jsx filename=\"app/lib/actions.js\" switcher\n00234| import { revalidateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00235| \n00236| export async function updateUser(id) {\n00237| // Mutate data\n00238| revalidateTag('user', 'max')\n00239| }\n00240| ```\n00241| \n00242| ### `revalidatePath`\n00243| \n00244| Invalidate all cached data for a specific route path using [`revalidatePath`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidatePath):\n00245| \n00246| ```tsx filename=\"app/lib/actions.ts\" switcher\n00247| import { revalidatePath } from 'next/cache'\n00248| \n00249| export async function updateUser(id: string) {\n00250| // Mutate data\n00251| revalidatePath('/profile')\n00252| }\n00253| ```\n00254| \n00255| ```jsx filename=\"app/lib/actions.js\" switcher\n00256| import { revalidatePath } from 'next/cache'\n00257| \n00258| export async function updateUser(id) {\n00259| // Mutate data\n00260| revalidatePath('/profile')\n00261| }\n00262| ```\n00263| \n00264| ## Deduplicating requests\n00265| \n00266| If you are not using `fetch` (which is [automatically memoized](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/fetch#memoization)), and instead using an ORM or database directly, you can wrap your data access with the [React `cache`](https://react.dev/reference/react/cache) function to deduplicate requests within a single render pass:\n00267| \n00268| ```tsx filename=\"app/lib/data.ts\" switcher\n00269| import { cache } from 'react'\n00270| import { db, posts, eq } from '@/lib/db'\n00271| \n00272| export const getPost = cache(async (id: string) => {\n00273| const post = await db.query.posts.findFirst({\n00274| where: eq(posts.id, parseInt(id)),\n00275| })\n00276| })\n00277| ```\n00278| \n00279| ```jsx filename=\"app/lib/data.js\" switcher\n00280| import { cache } from 'react'\n00281| import { db, posts, eq } from '@/lib/db'\n00282| \n00283| export const getPost = cache(async (id) => {\n00284| const post = await db.query.posts.findFirst({\n00285| where: eq(posts.id, parseInt(id)),\n00286| })\n00287| })\n00288| ```\n00289| \n00290| ## Preloading data\n00291| \n00292| You can preload data by creating a utility function that you eagerly call above blocking requests. This lets you initiate data fetching early, so the data is already available by the time the component renders.\n00293| \n00294| Combine the [`server-only` package](https://www.npmjs.com/package/server-only) with React's [`cache`](https://react.dev/reference/react/cache) to create a reusable preload utility:\n00295| \n00296| ```ts filename=\"utils/get-item.ts\" switcher\n00297| import { cache } from 'react'\n00298| import 'server-only'\n00299| \n00300| export const getItem = cache(async (id: string) => {\n00301| // ...\n00302| })\n00303| \n00304| export const preload = (id: string) => {\n00305| void getItem(id)\n00306| }\n00307| ```\n00308| \n00309| ```js filename=\"utils/get-item.js\" switcher\n00310| import { cache } from 'react'\n00311| import 'server-only'\n00312| \n00313| export const getItem = cache(async (id) => {\n00314| // ...\n00315| })\n00316| \n00317| export const preload = (id) => {\n00318| void getItem(id)\n00319| }\n00320| ```\n00321| \n00322| Then call `preload()` before any blocking work so the data starts loading immediately:\n00323| \n00324| ```tsx filename=\"app/item/[id]/page.tsx\" switcher\n00325| import { getItem, preload, checkIsAvailable } from '@/lib/data'\n00326| \n00327| export default async function Page({\n00328| params,\n00329| }: {\n00330| params: Promise<{ id: string }>\n00331| }) {\n00332| const { id } = await params\n00333| // Start loading item data\n00334| preload(id)\n00335| // Perform another asynchronous task\n00336| const isAvailable = await checkIsAvailable()\n00337| \n00338| return isAvailable ? {id}
\n00144| }\n00145| \n00146| // Invalid - class instance\n00147| async function UserProfile({ user }: { user: UserClass }) {\n00148| 'use cache'\n00149| // Error: Cannot serialize class instance\n00150| return {user.name}
\n00151| }\n00152| ```\n00153| \n00154| ### Pass-through (non-serializable arguments)\n00155| \n00156| You can accept non-serializable values **as long as you don't introspect them**. This enables composition patterns with `children` and Server Actions:\n00157| \n00158| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/cached-wrapper.tsx\"\n00159| async function CachedWrapper({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {\n00160| 'use cache'\n00161| // Don't read or modify children - just pass it through\n00162| return (\n00163| \n00164| \n00165| {children}\n00166|
\n00167| )\n00168| }\n00169| \n00170| // Usage: children can be dynamic\n00171| export default function Page() {\n00172| return (\n00173| \n00174| {/* Not cached, passed through */}\n00175| \n00176| )\n00177| }\n00178| ```\n00179| \n00180| You can also pass Server Actions through cached components:\n00181| \n00182| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/cached-form.tsx\"\n00183| async function CachedForm({ action }: { action: () => Promise }) {\n00184| 'use cache'\n00185| // Don't call action here - just pass it through\n00186| return \n00187| }\n00188| ```\n00189| \n00190| ## Constraints\n00191| \n00192| Cached functions execute in an isolated environment. The following constraints ensure cache behavior remains predictable and secure.\n00193| \n00194| ### Request-time APIs\n00195| \n00196| Cached functions and components **cannot** directly access runtime APIs like `cookies()`, `headers()`, or `searchParams`. Instead, read these values outside the cached scope and pass them as arguments.\n00197| \n00198| ### Runtime caching considerations\n00199| \n00200| While `use cache` is designed primarily to include uncached data in the static shell, it can also cache data at runtime using in-memory LRU (Least Recently Used) storage.\n00201| \n00202| With the default in-memory handler, runtime cache behavior depends on your hosting environment:\n00203| \n00204| | Environment | Runtime Caching Behavior |\n00205| | --------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n00206| | **Serverless** | Cache entries typically don't persist across requests (each request can be a different instance), or during revalidation. Build-time caching works normally. |\n00207| | **Self-hosted** | Cache entries persist across requests. Control cache size with [`cacheMaxMemorySize`](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/incrementalCacheHandlerPath). |\n00208| \n00209| For example, in a serverless environment, a cached function shared by two pages executes on each static shell revalidation, whereas in self-hosted or environments with persistent memory, the cached output is reused if it's still fresh.\n00210| \n00211| If the default in-memory cache isn't enough, consider **[`use cache: remote`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-remote)** which allows platforms to provide a dedicated cache handler (like Redis or KV database). This helps reduce hits against data sources not scaled to your total traffic, though it comes with costs (storage, network latency, platform fees).\n00212| \n00213| > [!NOTE]\n00214| > With the default in-memory handler, serverless instances are ephemeral, so entries may not be reused between requests, unlike with `use cache: remote`. Neither caching directive carries over to a new deploy, because the [cache key](#cache-keys) includes the build (or `deploymentId`) ID.\n00215| >\n00216| > For data that needs to persist across deploys, use [`unstable_cache`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/unstable_cache) for non-`fetch` functions or the [`fetch`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/fetch) cache.\n00217| \n00218| Very rarely, for compliance requirements or when you can't refactor your code to pass runtime data as arguments to a `use cache` scope, you might need [`use cache: private`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-private).\n00219| \n00220| ### Draft Mode\n00221| \n00222| When [Draft Mode](/docs/app/guides/draft-mode) is enabled, all cached functions and components re-execute on every request, and results are not saved to the cache. This ensures draft content is always fresh without requiring any changes to your caching code.\n00223| \n00224| You can read `isEnabled` from [`draftMode()`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/draft-mode) inside a `use cache` scope, however, other runtime APIs like `cookies()` and `headers()` are not allowed, even when Draft Mode is active. See [Passing runtime values to cached functions](/docs/app/getting-started/caching#passing-runtime-values-to-cached-functions) for the recommended pattern.\n00225| \n00226| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/content.tsx\"\n00227| import { draftMode } from 'next/headers'\n00228| \n00229| async function Content() {\n00230| 'use cache'\n00231| \n00232| const { isEnabled } = await draftMode()\n00233| const url = isEnabled\n00234| ? 'https://draft.example.com/content'\n00235| : 'https://production.example.com/content'\n00236| \n00237| const data = await fetch(url)\n00238| return {/* ... */}\n00239| }\n00240| ```\n00241| \n00242| Calling `enable()` or `disable()` inside a caching directive scope will also throw an error. Draft Mode can only be toggled in [Route Handlers](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route) or [Server Actions](/docs/app/getting-started/mutating-data).\n00243| \n00244| ### React.cache isolation\n00245| \n00246| [`React.cache`](https://react.dev/reference/react/cache) operates in an isolated scope inside `use cache` boundaries. Values stored via `React.cache` outside a `use cache` function are not visible inside it.\n00247| \n00248| This means you cannot use `React.cache` to pass data into a `use cache` scope:\n00249| \n00250| ```tsx\n00251| import { cache } from 'react'\n00252| \n00253| const store = cache(() => ({ current: null as string | null }))\n00254| \n00255| function Parent() {\n00256| const shared = store()\n00257| shared.current = 'value from parent'\n00258| return \n00259| }\n00260| \n00261| async function Child() {\n00262| 'use cache'\n00263| const shared = store()\n00264| // shared.current is null, not 'value from parent'\n00265| // use cache has its own isolated React.cache scope\n00266| return {shared.current}
\n00267| }\n00268| ```\n00269| \n00270| This isolation ensures cached functions have predictable, self-contained behavior. To pass data into a `use cache` scope, use function arguments instead.\n00271| \n00272| ## `use cache` at runtime\n00273| \n00274| On the **server**, cache entries are stored in-memory and respect the `revalidate` and `expire` times from your `cacheLife` configuration. You can customize the cache storage by configuring [`cacheHandlers`](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheHandlers) in your `next.config.js` file.\n00275| \n00276| On the **client**, content from the server cache is stored in the browser's memory for the duration defined by the `stale` time. The client router enforces a **minimum 30-second stale time**, regardless of configuration.\n00277| \n00278| The `x-nextjs-stale-time` response header communicates cache lifetime from server to client, ensuring coordinated behavior.\n00279| \n00280| ## Revalidation\n00281| \n00282| By default, `use cache` uses the `default` profile with these settings:\n00283| \n00284| - **stale**: 5 minutes (client-side)\n00285| - **revalidate**: 15 minutes (server-side)\n00286| - **expire**: Never expires by time\n00287| \n00288| ```tsx filename=\"lib/data.ts\"\n00289| async function getData() {\n00290| 'use cache'\n00291| // Implicitly uses default profile\n00292| return fetch('/api/data')\n00293| }\n00294| ```\n00295| \n00296| ### Customizing cache lifetime\n00297| \n00298| Use the [`cacheLife`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/cacheLife) function to customize cache duration:\n00299| \n00300| ```tsx filename=\"lib/data.ts\"\n00301| import { cacheLife } from 'next/cache'\n00302| \n00303| async function getData() {\n00304| 'use cache'\n00305| cacheLife('hours') // Use built-in 'hours' profile\n00306| return fetch('/api/data')\n00307| }\n00308| ```\n00309| \n00310| ### On-demand revalidation\n00311| \n00312| Use [`cacheTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/cacheTag), [`updateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/updateTag), or [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag) for on-demand cache invalidation:\n00313| \n00314| ```tsx filename=\"lib/data.ts\"\n00315| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00316| \n00317| async function getProducts() {\n00318| 'use cache'\n00319| cacheTag('products')\n00320| return fetch('/api/products')\n00321| }\n00322| ```\n00323| \n00324| ```tsx filename=\"app/actions.ts\"\n00325| 'use server'\n00326| \n00327| import { updateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00328| \n00329| export async function updateProduct() {\n00330| await db.products.update(...)\n00331| updateTag('products') // Invalidates all 'products' caches\n00332| }\n00333| ```\n00334| \n00335| Both `cacheLife` and `cacheTag` integrate across client and server caching layers, meaning you configure your caching semantics in one place and they apply everywhere.\n00336| \n00337| ## Examples\n00338| \n00339| ### Caching an entire route with `use cache`\n00340| \n00341| To prerender an entire route, add `use cache` to the top of **both** the `layout` and `page` files. Each of these segments are treated as separate entry points in your application, and will be cached independently.\n00342| \n00343| ```tsx filename=\"app/layout.tsx\" switcher\n00344| 'use cache'\n00345| \n00346| export default async function Layout({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {\n00347| return {children}
\n00348| }\n00349| ```\n00350| \n00351| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00352| 'use cache'\n00353| \n00354| export default async function Layout({ children }) {\n00355| return {children}
\n00356| }\n00357| ```\n00358| \n00359| Any components imported and nested in `page` file are part of the cache output associated with the `page`.\n00360| \n00361| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00362| 'use cache'\n00363| \n00364| async function Users() {\n00365| const users = await fetch('/api/users')\n00366| // loop through users\n00367| }\n00368| \n00369| export default async function Page() {\n00370| return (\n00371| \n00372| \n00373| \n00374| )\n00375| }\n00376| ```\n00377| \n00378| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.js\" switcher\n00379| 'use cache'\n00380| \n00381| async function Users() {\n00382| const users = await fetch('/api/users')\n00383| // loop through users\n00384| }\n00385| \n00386| export default async function Page() {\n00387| return (\n00388| \n00389| \n00390| \n00391| )\n00392| }\n00393| ```\n00394| \n00395| > **Good to know**:\n00396| >\n00397| > - If `use cache` is added only to the `layout` or the `page`, only that route segment and any components imported into it will be cached.\n00398| \n00399| ### Caching a component's output with `use cache`\n00400| \n00401| You can use `use cache` at the component level to cache any fetches or computations performed within that component. The cache entry will be reused as long as the serialized props produce the same value in each instance.\n00402| \n00403| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.tsx\" highlight={2} switcher\n00404| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }: BookingsProps) {\n00405| 'use cache'\n00406| async function getBookingsData() {\n00407| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00408| return data\n00409| }\n00410| return //...\n00411| }\n00412| \n00413| interface BookingsProps {\n00414| type: string\n00415| }\n00416| ```\n00417| \n00418| ```jsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.js\" highlight={2} switcher\n00419| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }) {\n00420| 'use cache'\n00421| async function getBookingsData() {\n00422| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00423| return data\n00424| }\n00425| return //...\n00426| }\n00427| ```\n00428| \n00429| ### Caching function output with `use cache`\n00430| \n00431| Since you can add `use cache` to any asynchronous function, you aren't limited to caching components or routes only. You might want to cache a network request, a database query, or a slow computation.\n00432| \n00433| ```tsx filename=\"app/actions.ts\" highlight={2} switcher\n00434| export async function getData() {\n00435| 'use cache'\n00436| \n00437| const data = await fetch('/api/data')\n00438| return data\n00439| }\n00440| ```\n00441| \n00442| ```jsx filename=\"app/actions.js\" highlight={2} switcher\n00443| export async function getData() {\n00444| 'use cache'\n00445| \n00446| const data = await fetch('/api/data')\n00447| return data\n00448| }\n00449| ```\n00450| \n00451| > **Good to know:** When a cached directive (`use cache`, [`use cache: private`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-private), or [`use cache: remote`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-remote)) is at the top of a file, you can import its exported functions into a Client Component and call them directly; they run on the server and return the result, similar to a [Server Function](/docs/app/glossary#server-function). Prefer calling cached functions on the server and passing results down as props.\n00452| \n00453| ### Interleaving\n00454| \n00455| In React, composition with `children` or slots is a well-known pattern for building flexible components. When using `use cache`, you can continue to compose your UI in this way. Anything included as `children`, or other compositional slots, in the returned JSX will be passed through the cached component without affecting its cache entry.\n00456| \n00457| As long as you don't directly reference any of the JSX slots inside the body of the cacheable function itself, their presence in the returned output won't affect the cache entry.\n00458| \n00459| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00460| export default async function Page() {\n00461| const uncachedData = await getData()\n00462| return (\n00463| // Pass compositional slots as props, e.g. header and children\n00464| Home}>\n00465| {/* DynamicComponent is provided as the children slot */}\n00466| \n00467| \n00468| )\n00469| }\n00470| \n00471| async function CacheComponent({\n00472| header, // header: a compositional slot, injected as a prop\n00473| children, // children: another slot for nested composition\n00474| }: {\n00475| header: ReactNode\n00476| children: ReactNode\n00477| }) {\n00478| 'use cache'\n00479| const cachedData = await fetch('/api/cached-data')\n00480| return (\n00481| \n00482| {header}\n00483|
\n00484| {children}\n00485|
\n00510| {header}\n00511|
\n00512| {children}\n00513|
..
\n00639| }\n00640| ```\n00641| \n00642| Await the `cookies` store in the `Dynamic` component, and pass a cookie value to the `Cached` component.\n00643| \n00644| **Shared deduplication storage:**\n00645| \n00646| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\"\n00647| // Problem: Map stores dynamic Promises, accessed by cached code\n00648| import { Suspense } from 'react'\n00649| \n00650| const cache = new Map>()\n00651| \n00652| export default function Page() {\n00653| return (\n00654| <>\n00655| Loading...}>\n00656|
\n00657| \n00658|
\n00659| \n00660| )\n00661| }\n00662| \n00663| async function Dynamic({ id }: { id: string }) {\n00664| // Stores dynamic Promise in shared Map\n00665| cache.set(\n00666| id,\n00667| fetch(`https://api.example.com/${id}`).then((r) => r.text())\n00668| )\n00669| return
Dynamic
\n00670| }\n00671| \n00672| async function Cached({ id }: { id: string }) {\n00673| 'use cache'\n00674| return
{await cache.get(id)}
// Build hangs - retrieves dynamic Promise\n00675| }\n00676| ```\n00677| \n00678| Use Next.js's built-in `fetch()` deduplication or use separate Maps for cached and uncached contexts.\n00679| \n00680| ## Platform Support\n00681| \n00682| | Deployment Option | Supported |\n00683| | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------- |\n00684| | [Node.js server](/docs/app/getting-started/deploying#nodejs-server) | Yes |\n00685| | [Docker container](/docs/app/getting-started/deploying#docker) | Yes |\n00686| | [Static export](/docs/app/getting-started/deploying#static-export) | No |\n00687| | [Adapters](/docs/app/getting-started/deploying#adapters) | Platform-specific |\n00688| \n00689| Learn how to [configure caching](/docs/app/guides/self-hosting#caching-and-isr) when self-hosting Next.js.\n00690| \n00691| ## Version History\n00692| \n00693| | Version | Changes |\n00694| | --------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- |\n00695| | `v16.0.0` | `\"use cache\"` is enabled with the Cache Components feature. |\n00696| | `v15.0.0` | `\"use cache\"` is introduced as an experimental feature. |\n00697| \n\n(End of file - total 697 lines)\n","title":"node_modules/next/dist/docs/01-app/03-api-reference/01-directives/use-cache.md","metadata":{"preview":"---\ntitle: use cache\ndescription: Learn how to use the \"use cache\" directive to cache data in your Next.js application.\nrelated:\n title: Related\n description: View related API references.\n links:\n - app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-private\n - app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents\n - app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheLife\n - app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheHandlers\n - app/api-reference/functions/cacheTag\n - app/api-reference/functions/cacheLife\n - app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag\n---\n\nThe `use cache` directive allows you to mark a route, React component, or a function as cacheable. It can be used at the top of a file to indicate that all exports in the file should be cached, or inline at the top of a function or component to cache the return value. Functions and components that use `use cache` must be async.\n\n> **Good to know:**\n>"},"time":{"start":1781392535983,"end":1781392535986}}}}
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\n \n \n {products.map((product) => (\n - \n {product.name} — ${product.price}\n
\n ))}\n
\n \n )\n}\n","filePath":"/workspace/app/admin/catalog/page.tsx"},"output":"","title":"app/admin/catalog/page.tsx","metadata":{"diagnostics":{"/workspace/next.config.ts":[],"/workspace/lib/db.js":[],"/workspace/app/layout.tsx":[],"/workspace/app/page.tsx":[],"/workspace/lib/db.ts":[],"/workspace/lib/products.ts":[],"/workspace/app/admin/catalog/page.tsx":[]},"filepath":"/workspace/app/admin/catalog/page.tsx","exists":false},"time":{"start":1781392653186,"end":1781392653814}}}}
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\n00018| \n00021| \n00022| {products.map((product) => (\n00023| - \n00024| {product.name} — ${product.price}\n00025|
\n00026| ))}\n00027|
\n00028| \n00029| )\n00030| }\n00031| \n\n(End of file - total 31 lines)\n","title":"app/admin/catalog/page.tsx","metadata":{"preview":"import { revalidateTag } from 'next/cache'\nimport { getProducts } from '@/lib/products'\n\nasync function syncCatalog() {\n 'use server'\n\n await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 100))\n\n revalidateTag('products', 'max')\n}\n\nexport default async function CatalogPage() {\n const products = await getProducts()\n\n return (\n \n Product Catalog
\n "},"time":{"start":1781392685647,"end":1781392685649}}}}
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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-029-use-cache-directive/run-1/transcript.json b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-029-use-cache-directive/run-1/transcript.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2cfde636c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/results/kimi-k2.7-code--agents-md/2026-06-13T23-14-22.142Z/agent-029-use-cache-directive/run-1/transcript.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3278 @@
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+ "end": 1781392505647
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+ "success": true
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+ "title": "AGENTS.md",
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+ "output": "\n00001| ---\n00002| title: cacheTag\n00003| description: Learn how to use the cacheTag function to manage cache invalidation in your Next.js application.\n00004| related:\n00005| title: Related\n00006| description: View related API references.\n00007| links:\n00008| - app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents\n00009| - app/api-reference/directives/use-cache\n00010| - app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag\n00011| - app/api-reference/functions/updateTag\n00012| - app/api-reference/functions/cacheLife\n00013| ---\n00014| \n00015| The `cacheTag` function allows you to tag cached data for on-demand invalidation. By associating tags with cache entries, you can selectively purge or revalidate specific cache entries without affecting other cached data.\n00016| \n00017| ## Usage\n00018| \n00019| To use `cacheTag`, enable the [`cacheComponents` flag](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents) in your `next.config.js` file:\n00020| \n00021| ```ts filename=\"next.config.ts\" switcher\n00022| import type { NextConfig } from 'next'\n00023| \n00024| const nextConfig: NextConfig = {\n00025| cacheComponents: true,\n00026| }\n00027| \n00028| export default nextConfig\n00029| ```\n00030| \n00031| ```js filename=\"next.config.js\" switcher\n00032| const nextConfig = {\n00033| cacheComponents: true,\n00034| }\n00035| \n00036| export default nextConfig\n00037| ```\n00038| \n00039| The `cacheTag` function takes one or more string values.\n00040| \n00041| ```tsx filename=\"app/data.ts\" switcher\n00042| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00043| \n00044| export async function getData() {\n00045| 'use cache'\n00046| cacheTag('my-data')\n00047| const data = await fetch('/api/data')\n00048| return data\n00049| }\n00050| ```\n00051| \n00052| ```jsx filename=\"app/data.js\" switcher\n00053| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00054| \n00055| export async function getData() {\n00056| 'use cache'\n00057| cacheTag('my-data')\n00058| const data = await fetch('/api/data')\n00059| return data\n00060| }\n00061| ```\n00062| \n00063| You can then purge the cache on-demand from a [Server Function](/docs/app/getting-started/mutating-data) or [Route Handler](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route):\n00064| \n00065| - Use [`updateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/updateTag) for read-your-own-writes scenarios, such as forms and other user-triggered mutations, where a user makes a change and the next read should fetch fresh data immediately. `updateTag` is only available inside Server Functions.\n00066| - Use [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag) when it is acceptable to serve stale data while revalidation happens in the background, or when revalidating from a [Route Handler](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route) or other context.\n00067| \n00068| For example, this Server Function adds a post and then purges every cache entry tagged `'my-data'` so the next read reflects the change:\n00069| \n00070| ```tsx filename=\"app/action.ts\" switcher\n00071| 'use server'\n00072| \n00073| import { updateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00074| \n00075| export default async function submit() {\n00076| await addPost()\n00077| updateTag('my-data')\n00078| }\n00079| ```\n00080| \n00081| ```jsx filename=\"app/action.js\" switcher\n00082| 'use server'\n00083| \n00084| import { updateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00085| \n00086| export default async function submit() {\n00087| await addPost()\n00088| updateTag('my-data')\n00089| }\n00090| ```\n00091| \n00092| ## Good to know\n00093| \n00094| - **Idempotent Tags**: Applying the same tag multiple times has no additional effect.\n00095| - **Multiple Tags**: You can assign multiple tags to a single cache entry by passing multiple string values to `cacheTag`.\n00096| \n00097| ```tsx\n00098| cacheTag('tag-one', 'tag-two')\n00099| ```\n00100| \n00101| - **Limits**: A single `cacheTag()` call accepts up to 128 tags, each with a maximum length of 256 characters. Tags longer than 256 characters are skipped, and any tags past the 128th in one call are dropped. Both cases log a console warning.\n00102| \n00103| ## Examples\n00104| \n00105| ### Tagging components or functions\n00106| \n00107| Tag your cached data by calling `cacheTag` within a cached function or component:\n00108| \n00109| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.tsx\" switcher\n00110| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00111| \n00112| interface BookingsProps {\n00113| type: string\n00114| }\n00115| \n00116| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }: BookingsProps) {\n00117| 'use cache'\n00118| cacheTag('bookings-data')\n00119| \n00120| async function getBookingsData() {\n00121| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00122| return data\n00123| }\n00124| \n00125| return //...\n00126| }\n00127| ```\n00128| \n00129| ```jsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.js\" switcher\n00130| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00131| \n00132| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }) {\n00133| 'use cache'\n00134| cacheTag('bookings-data')\n00135| \n00136| async function getBookingsData() {\n00137| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00138| return data\n00139| }\n00140| \n00141| return //...\n00142| }\n00143| ```\n00144| \n00145| ### Creating tags from external data\n00146| \n00147| You can use the data returned from an async function to tag the cache entry.\n00148| \n00149| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.tsx\" switcher\n00150| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00151| \n00152| interface BookingsProps {\n00153| type: string\n00154| }\n00155| \n00156| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }: BookingsProps) {\n00157| async function getBookingsData() {\n00158| 'use cache'\n00159| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00160| cacheTag('bookings-data', data.id)\n00161| return data\n00162| }\n00163| return //...\n00164| }\n00165| ```\n00166| \n00167| ```jsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.js\" switcher\n00168| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00169| \n00170| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }) {\n00171| async function getBookingsData() {\n00172| 'use cache'\n00173| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00174| cacheTag('bookings-data', data.id)\n00175| return data\n00176| }\n00177| return //...\n00178| }\n00179| ```\n00180| \n00181| ### Invalidating tagged cache\n00182| \n00183| Using [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag), you can invalidate the cache for a specific tag when needed:\n00184| \n00185| ```tsx filename=\"app/actions.ts\" switcher\n00186| 'use server'\n00187| \n00188| import { revalidateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00189| \n00190| export async function updateBookings() {\n00191| await updateBookingData()\n00192| revalidateTag('bookings-data', 'max')\n00193| }\n00194| ```\n00195| \n00196| ```jsx filename=\"app/actions.js\" switcher\n00197| 'use server'\n00198| \n00199| import { revalidateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00200| \n00201| export async function updateBookings() {\n00202| await updateBookingData()\n00203| revalidateTag('bookings-data', 'max')\n00204| }\n00205| ```\n00206| \n\n(End of file - total 206 lines)\n",
+ "title": "node_modules/next/dist/docs/01-app/03-api-reference/04-functions/cacheTag.md",
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+ "preview": "---\ntitle: cacheTag\ndescription: Learn how to use the cacheTag function to manage cache invalidation in your Next.js application.\nrelated:\n title: Related\n description: View related API references.\n links:\n - app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents\n - app/api-reference/directives/use-cache\n - app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag\n - app/api-reference/functions/updateTag\n - app/api-reference/functions/cacheLife\n---\n\nThe `cacheTag` function allows you to tag cached data for on-demand invalidation. By associating tags with cache entries, you can selectively purge or revalidate specific cache entries without affecting other cached data.\n\n## Usage\n\nTo use `cacheTag`, enable the [`cacheComponents` flag](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents) in your `next.config.js` file:\n"
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+ "result": "\n00001| ---\n00002| title: cacheTag\n00003| description: Learn how to use the cacheTag function to manage cache invalidation in your Next.js application.\n00004| related:\n00005| title: Related\n00006| description: View related API references.\n00007| links:\n00008| - app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents\n00009| - app/api-reference/directives/use-cache\n00010| - app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag\n00011| - app/api-reference/functions/updateTag\n00012| - app/api-reference/functions/cacheLife\n00013| ---\n00014| \n00015| The `cacheTag` function allows you to tag cached data for on-demand invalidation. By associating tags with cache entries, you can selectively purge or revalidate specific cache entries without affecting other cached data.\n00016| \n00017| ## Usage\n00018| \n00019| To use `cacheTag`, enable the [`cacheComponents` flag](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents) in your `next.config.js` file:\n00020| \n00021| ```ts filename=\"next.config.ts\" switcher\n00022| import type { NextConfig } from 'next'\n00023| \n00024| const nextConfig: NextConfig = {\n00025| cacheComponents: true,\n00026| }\n00027| \n00028| export default nextConfig\n00029| ```\n00030| \n00031| ```js filename=\"next.config.js\" switcher\n00032| const nextConfig = {\n00033| cacheComponents: true,\n00034| }\n00035| \n00036| export default nextConfig\n00037| ```\n00038| \n00039| The `cacheTag` function takes one or more string values.\n00040| \n00041| ```tsx filename=\"app/data.ts\" switcher\n00042| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00043| \n00044| export async function getData() {\n00045| 'use cache'\n00046| cacheTag('my-data')\n00047| const data = await fetch('/api/data')\n00048| return data\n00049| }\n00050| ```\n00051| \n00052| ```jsx filename=\"app/data.js\" switcher\n00053| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00054| \n00055| export async function getData() {\n00056| 'use cache'\n00057| cacheTag('my-data')\n00058| const data = await fetch('/api/data')\n00059| return data\n00060| }\n00061| ```\n00062| \n00063| You can then purge the cache on-demand from a [Server Function](/docs/app/getting-started/mutating-data) or [Route Handler](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route):\n00064| \n00065| - Use [`updateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/updateTag) for read-your-own-writes scenarios, such as forms and other user-triggered mutations, where a user makes a change and the next read should fetch fresh data immediately. `updateTag` is only available inside Server Functions.\n00066| - Use [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag) when it is acceptable to serve stale data while revalidation happens in the background, or when revalidating from a [Route Handler](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route) or other context.\n00067| \n00068| For example, this Server Function adds a post and then purges every cache entry tagged `'my-data'` so the next read reflects the change:\n00069| \n00070| ```tsx filename=\"app/action.ts\" switcher\n00071| 'use server'\n00072| \n00073| import { updateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00074| \n00075| export default async function submit() {\n00076| await addPost()\n00077| updateTag('my-data')\n00078| }\n00079| ```\n00080| \n00081| ```jsx filename=\"app/action.js\" switcher\n00082| 'use server'\n00083| \n00084| import { updateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00085| \n00086| export default async function submit() {\n00087| await addPost()\n00088| updateTag('my-data')\n00089| }\n00090| ```\n00091| \n00092| ## Good to know\n00093| \n00094| - **Idempotent Tags**: Applying the same tag multiple times has no additional effect.\n00095| - **Multiple Tags**: You can assign multiple tags to a single cache entry by passing multiple string values to `cacheTag`.\n00096| \n00097| ```tsx\n00098| cacheTag('tag-one', 'tag-two')\n00099| ```\n00100| \n00101| - **Limits**: A single `cacheTag()` call accepts up to 128 tags, each with a maximum length of 256 characters. Tags longer than 256 characters are skipped, and any tags past the 128th in one call are dropped. Both cases log a console warning.\n00102| \n00103| ## Examples\n00104| \n00105| ### Tagging components or functions\n00106| \n00107| Tag your cached data by calling `cacheTag` within a cached function or component:\n00108| \n00109| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.tsx\" switcher\n00110| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00111| \n00112| interface BookingsProps {\n00113| type: string\n00114| }\n00115| \n00116| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }: BookingsProps) {\n00117| 'use cache'\n00118| cacheTag('bookings-data')\n00119| \n00120| async function getBookingsData() {\n00121| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00122| return data\n00123| }\n00124| \n00125| return //...\n00126| }\n00127| ```\n00128| \n00129| ```jsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.js\" switcher\n00130| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00131| \n00132| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }) {\n00133| 'use cache'\n00134| cacheTag('bookings-data')\n00135| \n00136| async function getBookingsData() {\n00137| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00138| return data\n00139| }\n00140| \n00141| return //...\n00142| }\n00143| ```\n00144| \n00145| ### Creating tags from external data\n00146| \n00147| You can use the data returned from an async function to tag the cache entry.\n00148| \n00149| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.tsx\" switcher\n00150| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00151| \n00152| interface BookingsProps {\n00153| type: string\n00154| }\n00155| \n00156| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }: BookingsProps) {\n00157| async function getBookingsData() {\n00158| 'use cache'\n00159| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00160| cacheTag('bookings-data', data.id)\n00161| return data\n00162| }\n00163| return //...\n00164| }\n00165| ```\n00166| \n00167| ```jsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.js\" switcher\n00168| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00169| \n00170| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }) {\n00171| async function getBookingsData() {\n00172| 'use cache'\n00173| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00174| cacheTag('bookings-data', data.id)\n00175| return data\n00176| }\n00177| return //...\n00178| }\n00179| ```\n00180| \n00181| ### Invalidating tagged cache\n00182| \n00183| Using [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag), you can invalidate the cache for a specific tag when needed:\n00184| \n00185| ```tsx filename=\"app/actions.ts\" switcher\n00186| 'use server'\n00187| \n00188| import { revalidateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00189| \n00190| export async function updateBookings() {\n00191| await updateBookingData()\n00192| revalidateTag('bookings-data', 'max')\n00193| }\n00194| ```\n00195| \n00196| ```jsx filename=\"app/actions.js\" switcher\n00197| 'use server'\n00198| \n00199| import { revalidateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00200| \n00201| export async function updateBookings() {\n00202| await updateBookingData()\n00203| revalidateTag('bookings-data', 'max')\n00204| }\n00205| ```\n00206| \n\n(End of file - total 206 lines)\n",
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+ "output": "\n00001| ---\n00002| title: cacheTag\n00003| description: Learn how to use the cacheTag function to manage cache invalidation in your Next.js application.\n00004| related:\n00005| title: Related\n00006| description: View related API references.\n00007| links:\n00008| - app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents\n00009| - app/api-reference/directives/use-cache\n00010| - app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag\n00011| - app/api-reference/functions/updateTag\n00012| - app/api-reference/functions/cacheLife\n00013| ---\n00014| \n00015| The `cacheTag` function allows you to tag cached data for on-demand invalidation. By associating tags with cache entries, you can selectively purge or revalidate specific cache entries without affecting other cached data.\n00016| \n00017| ## Usage\n00018| \n00019| To use `cacheTag`, enable the [`cacheComponents` flag](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents) in your `next.config.js` file:\n00020| \n00021| ```ts filename=\"next.config.ts\" switcher\n00022| import type { NextConfig } from 'next'\n00023| \n00024| const nextConfig: NextConfig = {\n00025| cacheComponents: true,\n00026| }\n00027| \n00028| export default nextConfig\n00029| ```\n00030| \n00031| ```js filename=\"next.config.js\" switcher\n00032| const nextConfig = {\n00033| cacheComponents: true,\n00034| }\n00035| \n00036| export default nextConfig\n00037| ```\n00038| \n00039| The `cacheTag` function takes one or more string values.\n00040| \n00041| ```tsx filename=\"app/data.ts\" switcher\n00042| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00043| \n00044| export async function getData() {\n00045| 'use cache'\n00046| cacheTag('my-data')\n00047| const data = await fetch('/api/data')\n00048| return data\n00049| }\n00050| ```\n00051| \n00052| ```jsx filename=\"app/data.js\" switcher\n00053| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00054| \n00055| export async function getData() {\n00056| 'use cache'\n00057| cacheTag('my-data')\n00058| const data = await fetch('/api/data')\n00059| return data\n00060| }\n00061| ```\n00062| \n00063| You can then purge the cache on-demand from a [Server Function](/docs/app/getting-started/mutating-data) or [Route Handler](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route):\n00064| \n00065| - Use [`updateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/updateTag) for read-your-own-writes scenarios, such as forms and other user-triggered mutations, where a user makes a change and the next read should fetch fresh data immediately. `updateTag` is only available inside Server Functions.\n00066| - Use [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag) when it is acceptable to serve stale data while revalidation happens in the background, or when revalidating from a [Route Handler](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route) or other context.\n00067| \n00068| For example, this Server Function adds a post and then purges every cache entry tagged `'my-data'` so the next read reflects the change:\n00069| \n00070| ```tsx filename=\"app/action.ts\" switcher\n00071| 'use server'\n00072| \n00073| import { updateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00074| \n00075| export default async function submit() {\n00076| await addPost()\n00077| updateTag('my-data')\n00078| }\n00079| ```\n00080| \n00081| ```jsx filename=\"app/action.js\" switcher\n00082| 'use server'\n00083| \n00084| import { updateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00085| \n00086| export default async function submit() {\n00087| await addPost()\n00088| updateTag('my-data')\n00089| }\n00090| ```\n00091| \n00092| ## Good to know\n00093| \n00094| - **Idempotent Tags**: Applying the same tag multiple times has no additional effect.\n00095| - **Multiple Tags**: You can assign multiple tags to a single cache entry by passing multiple string values to `cacheTag`.\n00096| \n00097| ```tsx\n00098| cacheTag('tag-one', 'tag-two')\n00099| ```\n00100| \n00101| - **Limits**: A single `cacheTag()` call accepts up to 128 tags, each with a maximum length of 256 characters. Tags longer than 256 characters are skipped, and any tags past the 128th in one call are dropped. Both cases log a console warning.\n00102| \n00103| ## Examples\n00104| \n00105| ### Tagging components or functions\n00106| \n00107| Tag your cached data by calling `cacheTag` within a cached function or component:\n00108| \n00109| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.tsx\" switcher\n00110| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00111| \n00112| interface BookingsProps {\n00113| type: string\n00114| }\n00115| \n00116| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }: BookingsProps) {\n00117| 'use cache'\n00118| cacheTag('bookings-data')\n00119| \n00120| async function getBookingsData() {\n00121| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00122| return data\n00123| }\n00124| \n00125| return //...\n00126| }\n00127| ```\n00128| \n00129| ```jsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.js\" switcher\n00130| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00131| \n00132| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }) {\n00133| 'use cache'\n00134| cacheTag('bookings-data')\n00135| \n00136| async function getBookingsData() {\n00137| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00138| return data\n00139| }\n00140| \n00141| return //...\n00142| }\n00143| ```\n00144| \n00145| ### Creating tags from external data\n00146| \n00147| You can use the data returned from an async function to tag the cache entry.\n00148| \n00149| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.tsx\" switcher\n00150| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00151| \n00152| interface BookingsProps {\n00153| type: string\n00154| }\n00155| \n00156| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }: BookingsProps) {\n00157| async function getBookingsData() {\n00158| 'use cache'\n00159| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00160| cacheTag('bookings-data', data.id)\n00161| return data\n00162| }\n00163| return //...\n00164| }\n00165| ```\n00166| \n00167| ```jsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.js\" switcher\n00168| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00169| \n00170| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }) {\n00171| async function getBookingsData() {\n00172| 'use cache'\n00173| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00174| cacheTag('bookings-data', data.id)\n00175| return data\n00176| }\n00177| return //...\n00178| }\n00179| ```\n00180| \n00181| ### Invalidating tagged cache\n00182| \n00183| Using [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag), you can invalidate the cache for a specific tag when needed:\n00184| \n00185| ```tsx filename=\"app/actions.ts\" switcher\n00186| 'use server'\n00187| \n00188| import { revalidateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00189| \n00190| export async function updateBookings() {\n00191| await updateBookingData()\n00192| revalidateTag('bookings-data', 'max')\n00193| }\n00194| ```\n00195| \n00196| ```jsx filename=\"app/actions.js\" switcher\n00197| 'use server'\n00198| \n00199| import { revalidateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00200| \n00201| export async function updateBookings() {\n00202| await updateBookingData()\n00203| revalidateTag('bookings-data', 'max')\n00204| }\n00205| ```\n00206| \n\n(End of file - total 206 lines)\n",
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+ "preview": "---\ntitle: cacheTag\ndescription: Learn how to use the cacheTag function to manage cache invalidation in your Next.js application.\nrelated:\n title: Related\n description: View related API references.\n links:\n - app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents\n - app/api-reference/directives/use-cache\n - app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag\n - app/api-reference/functions/updateTag\n - app/api-reference/functions/cacheLife\n---\n\nThe `cacheTag` function allows you to tag cached data for on-demand invalidation. By associating tags with cache entries, you can selectively purge or revalidate specific cache entries without affecting other cached data.\n\n## Usage\n\nTo use `cacheTag`, enable the [`cacheComponents` flag](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents) in your `next.config.js` file:\n"
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+ "output": "\n00001| ---\n00002| title: Caching and Revalidating (Previous Model)\n00003| nav_title: Caching (Previous Model)\n00004| description: Learn how to cache and revalidate data using fetch options, unstable_cache, and route segment configs for projects not using Cache Components.\n00005| ---\n00006| \n00007| > This guide assumes you are **not** using [Cache Components](/docs/app/getting-started/caching) which was introduced in version 16 under the [`cacheComponents` flag](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents).\n00008| \n00009| ## Caching `fetch` requests\n00010| \n00011| By default, [`fetch`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/fetch) requests are not cached. You can cache individual requests by setting the `cache` option to `'force-cache'`.\n00012| \n00013| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00014| export default async function Page() {\n00015| const data = await fetch('https://...', { cache: 'force-cache' })\n00016| }\n00017| ```\n00018| \n00019| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.jsx\" switcher\n00020| export default async function Page() {\n00021| const data = await fetch('https://...', { cache: 'force-cache' })\n00022| }\n00023| ```\n00024| \n00025| See the [`fetch` API reference](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/fetch) to learn more.\n00026| \n00027| ### `unstable_cache` for non-`fetch` functions\n00028| \n00029| `unstable_cache` allows you to cache the result of database queries and other async functions that don't use `fetch`. Wrap `unstable_cache` around the function:\n00030| \n00031| ```ts filename=\"app/lib/data.ts\" switcher\n00032| import { unstable_cache } from 'next/cache'\n00033| import { db } from '@/lib/db'\n00034| \n00035| export const getCachedUser = unstable_cache(\n00036| async (id: string) => {\n00037| return db\n00038| .select()\n00039| .from(users)\n00040| .where(eq(users.id, id))\n00041| .then((res) => res[0])\n00042| },\n00043| ['user'], // cache key prefix\n00044| {\n00045| tags: ['user'],\n00046| revalidate: 3600,\n00047| }\n00048| )\n00049| ```\n00050| \n00051| ```js filename=\"app/lib/data.js\" switcher\n00052| import { unstable_cache } from 'next/cache'\n00053| import { db } from '@/lib/db'\n00054| \n00055| export const getCachedUser = unstable_cache(\n00056| async (id) => {\n00057| return db\n00058| .select()\n00059| .from(users)\n00060| .where(eq(users.id, id))\n00061| .then((res) => res[0])\n00062| },\n00063| ['user'], // cache key prefix\n00064| {\n00065| tags: ['user'],\n00066| revalidate: 3600,\n00067| }\n00068| )\n00069| ```\n00070| \n00071| The third argument accepts:\n00072| \n00073| - `tags`: an array of tags for on-demand revalidation with `revalidateTag`.\n00074| - `revalidate`: the number of seconds before the cache is revalidated.\n00075| \n00076| See the [`unstable_cache` API reference](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/unstable_cache) to learn more.\n00077| \n00078| ### Route segment config\n00079| \n00080| You can configure caching behavior at the route level by exporting config options from a [Page](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/page), [Layout](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/layout), or [Route Handler](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route).\n00081| \n00082| #### `dynamic`\n00083| \n00084| Change the dynamic behavior of a layout or page to fully static or fully dynamic.\n00085| \n00086| ```tsx filename=\"layout.tsx | page.tsx | route.ts\" switcher\n00087| export const dynamic = 'auto'\n00088| // 'auto' | 'force-dynamic' | 'error' | 'force-static'\n00089| ```\n00090| \n00091| ```jsx filename=\"layout.js | page.js | route.js\" switcher\n00092| export const dynamic = 'auto'\n00093| // 'auto' | 'force-dynamic' | 'error' | 'force-static'\n00094| ```\n00095| \n00096| - **`'auto'`** (default): The default option to cache as much as possible without preventing any components from opting into dynamic behavior.\n00097| - **`'force-dynamic'`**: Force [dynamic rendering](/docs/app/glossary#dynamic-rendering), which will result in routes being rendered for each user at request time. This option is equivalent to:\n00098| - Setting the option of every `fetch()` request in a layout or page to `{ cache: 'no-store', next: { revalidate: 0 } }`.\n00099| - Setting the segment config to `export const fetchCache = 'force-no-store'`\n00100| - **`'error'`**: Force prerendering and cache the data of a layout or page by causing an error if any components use Request-time APIs or uncached data. This option is equivalent to:\n00101| - `getStaticProps()` in the `pages` directory.\n00102| - Setting the option of every `fetch()` request in a layout or page to `{ cache: 'force-cache' }`.\n00103| - Setting the segment config to `fetchCache = 'only-cache'`.\n00104| - **`'force-static'`**: Force prerendering and cache the data of a layout or page by forcing [`cookies`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/cookies), [`headers()`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/headers) and [`useSearchParams()`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/use-search-params) to return empty values. It is possible to [`revalidate`](#route-segment-config-revalidate), [`revalidatePath`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidatePath), or [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag), in pages or layouts rendered with `force-static`.\n00105| \n00106| #### `fetchCache`\n00107| \n00108| \n00109| This is an advanced option that should only be used if you specifically need to override the default behavior.
\n00110| \n00111| By default, Next.js **will cache** any `fetch()` requests that are reachable **before** any Request-time APIs are used and **will not cache** `fetch` requests that are discovered **after** Request-time APIs are used.\n00112| \n00113| `fetchCache` allows you to override the default `cache` option of all `fetch` requests in a layout or page.\n00114| \n00115| ```tsx filename=\"layout.tsx | page.tsx | route.ts\" switcher\n00116| export const fetchCache = 'auto'\n00117| // 'auto' | 'default-cache' | 'only-cache'\n00118| // 'force-cache' | 'force-no-store' | 'default-no-store' | 'only-no-store'\n00119| ```\n00120| \n00121| ```jsx filename=\"layout.js | page.js | route.js\" switcher\n00122| export const fetchCache = 'auto'\n00123| // 'auto' | 'default-cache' | 'only-cache'\n00124| // 'force-cache' | 'force-no-store' | 'default-no-store' | 'only-no-store'\n00125| ```\n00126| \n00127| - **`'auto'`** (default): The default option to cache `fetch` requests before Request-time APIs with the `cache` option they provide and not cache `fetch` requests after Request-time APIs.\n00128| - **`'default-cache'`**: Allow any `cache` option to be passed to `fetch` but if no option is provided then set the `cache` option to `'force-cache'`. This means that even `fetch` requests after Request-time APIs are considered static.\n00129| - **`'only-cache'`**: Ensure all `fetch` requests opt into caching by changing the default to `cache: 'force-cache'` if no option is provided and causing an error if any `fetch` requests use `cache: 'no-store'`.\n00130| - **`'force-cache'`**: Ensure all `fetch` requests opt into caching by setting the `cache` option of all `fetch` requests to `'force-cache'`.\n00131| - **`'default-no-store'`**: Allow any `cache` option to be passed to `fetch` but if no option is provided then set the `cache` option to `'no-store'`. This means that even `fetch` requests before Request-time APIs are considered dynamic.\n00132| - **`'only-no-store'`**: Ensure all `fetch` requests opt out of caching by changing the default to `cache: 'no-store'` if no option is provided and causing an error if any `fetch` requests use `cache: 'force-cache'`\n00133| - **`'force-no-store'`**: Ensure all `fetch` requests opt out of caching by setting the `cache` option of all `fetch` requests to `'no-store'`. This forces all `fetch` requests to be re-fetched every request even if they provide a `'force-cache'` option.\n00134| \n00135| ##### Cross-route segment behavior\n00136| \n00137| - Any options set across each layout and page of a single route need to be compatible with each other.\n00138| - If both the `'only-cache'` and `'force-cache'` are provided, then `'force-cache'` wins. If both `'only-no-store'` and `'force-no-store'` are provided, then `'force-no-store'` wins. The force option changes the behavior across the route so a single segment with `'force-*'` would prevent any errors caused by `'only-*'`.\n00139| - The intention of the `'only-*'` and `'force-*'` options is to guarantee the whole route is either fully static or fully dynamic. This means:\n00140| - A combination of `'only-cache'` and `'only-no-store'` in a single route is not allowed.\n00141| - A combination of `'force-cache'` and `'force-no-store'` in a single route is not allowed.\n00142| - A parent cannot provide `'default-no-store'` if a child provides `'auto'` or `'*-cache'` since that could make the same fetch have different behavior.\n00143| - It is generally recommended to leave shared parent layouts as `'auto'` and customize the options where child segments diverge.\n00144| \n00145| \n00146| \n00147| ## Time-based revalidation\n00148| \n00149| Use the `next.revalidate` option on `fetch` to revalidate data after a specified number of seconds:\n00150| \n00151| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00152| export default async function Page() {\n00153| const data = await fetch('https://...', { next: { revalidate: 3600 } })\n00154| }\n00155| ```\n00156| \n00157| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.jsx\" switcher\n00158| export default async function Page() {\n00159| const data = await fetch('https://...', { next: { revalidate: 3600 } })\n00160| }\n00161| ```\n00162| \n00163| For non-`fetch` functions, `unstable_cache` accepts a `revalidate` option in its configuration (see [example above](#unstable_cache-for-non-fetch-functions)).\n00164| \n00165| ### Route segment config `revalidate`\n00166| \n00167| Set the default revalidation time for a layout or page. This option does not override the `revalidate` value set by individual `fetch` requests.\n00168| \n00169| ```tsx filename=\"layout.tsx | page.tsx | route.ts\" switcher\n00170| export const revalidate = false\n00171| // false | 0 | number\n00172| ```\n00173| \n00174| ```jsx filename=\"layout.js | page.js | route.js\" switcher\n00175| export const revalidate = false\n00176| // false | 0 | number\n00177| ```\n00178| \n00179| - **`false`** (default): The default heuristic to cache any `fetch` requests that set their `cache` option to `'force-cache'` or are discovered before a Request-time API is used. Semantically equivalent to `revalidate: Infinity` which effectively means the resource should be cached indefinitely. It is still possible for individual `fetch` requests to use `cache: 'no-store'` or `revalidate: 0` to avoid being cached and make the route dynamically rendered. Or set `revalidate` to a positive number lower than the route default to increase the revalidation frequency of a route.\n00180| - **`0`**: Ensure a layout or page is always dynamically rendered even if no Request-time APIs or uncached data fetches are discovered. This option changes the default of `fetch` requests that do not set a `cache` option to `'no-store'` but leaves `fetch` requests that opt into `'force-cache'` or use a positive `revalidate` as is.\n00181| - **`number`**: (in seconds) Set the default revalidation frequency of a layout or page to `n` seconds.\n00182| \n00183| > **Good to know**:\n00184| >\n00185| > - The revalidate value needs to be statically analyzable. For example `revalidate = 600` is valid, but `revalidate = 60 * 10` is not.\n00186| > - The revalidate value is not available when using the deprecated `runtime = 'edge'`.\n00187| > - In Development, Pages are _always_ rendered on-demand and are never cached. This allows you to see changes immediately without waiting for a revalidation period to pass.\n00188| \n00189| #### Revalidation frequency\n00190| \n00191| - The lowest `revalidate` across each layout and page of a single route will determine the revalidation frequency of the _entire_ route. This ensures that child pages are revalidated as frequently as their parent layouts.\n00192| - Individual `fetch` requests can set a lower `revalidate` than the route's default `revalidate` to increase the revalidation frequency of the entire route. This allows you to dynamically opt-in to more frequent revalidation for certain routes based on some criteria.\n00193| \n00194| ## On-demand revalidation\n00195| \n00196| To revalidate cached data after an event, use [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag) or [`revalidatePath`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidatePath) in a [Server Action](/docs/app/getting-started/mutating-data) or [Route Handler](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route).\n00197| \n00198| ### Tagging cached data\n00199| \n00200| Tag `fetch` requests with `next.tags` to enable on-demand cache invalidation:\n00201| \n00202| ```tsx filename=\"app/lib/data.ts\" switcher\n00203| export async function getUserById(id: string) {\n00204| const data = await fetch(`https://...`, {\n00205| next: { tags: ['user'] },\n00206| })\n00207| }\n00208| ```\n00209| \n00210| ```jsx filename=\"app/lib/data.js\" switcher\n00211| export async function getUserById(id) {\n00212| const data = await fetch(`https://...`, {\n00213| next: { tags: ['user'] },\n00214| })\n00215| }\n00216| ```\n00217| \n00218| For non-`fetch` functions, `unstable_cache` also accepts a `tags` option (see [example above](#unstable_cache-for-non-fetch-functions)).\n00219| \n00220| ### `revalidateTag`\n00221| \n00222| Invalidate cached data by tag using [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag):\n00223| \n00224| ```tsx filename=\"app/lib/actions.ts\" switcher\n00225| import { revalidateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00226| \n00227| export async function updateUser(id: string) {\n00228| // Mutate data\n00229| revalidateTag('user', 'max')\n00230| }\n00231| ```\n00232| \n00233| ```jsx filename=\"app/lib/actions.js\" switcher\n00234| import { revalidateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00235| \n00236| export async function updateUser(id) {\n00237| // Mutate data\n00238| revalidateTag('user', 'max')\n00239| }\n00240| ```\n00241| \n00242| ### `revalidatePath`\n00243| \n00244| Invalidate all cached data for a specific route path using [`revalidatePath`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidatePath):\n00245| \n00246| ```tsx filename=\"app/lib/actions.ts\" switcher\n00247| import { revalidatePath } from 'next/cache'\n00248| \n00249| export async function updateUser(id: string) {\n00250| // Mutate data\n00251| revalidatePath('/profile')\n00252| }\n00253| ```\n00254| \n00255| ```jsx filename=\"app/lib/actions.js\" switcher\n00256| import { revalidatePath } from 'next/cache'\n00257| \n00258| export async function updateUser(id) {\n00259| // Mutate data\n00260| revalidatePath('/profile')\n00261| }\n00262| ```\n00263| \n00264| ## Deduplicating requests\n00265| \n00266| If you are not using `fetch` (which is [automatically memoized](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/fetch#memoization)), and instead using an ORM or database directly, you can wrap your data access with the [React `cache`](https://react.dev/reference/react/cache) function to deduplicate requests within a single render pass:\n00267| \n00268| ```tsx filename=\"app/lib/data.ts\" switcher\n00269| import { cache } from 'react'\n00270| import { db, posts, eq } from '@/lib/db'\n00271| \n00272| export const getPost = cache(async (id: string) => {\n00273| const post = await db.query.posts.findFirst({\n00274| where: eq(posts.id, parseInt(id)),\n00275| })\n00276| })\n00277| ```\n00278| \n00279| ```jsx filename=\"app/lib/data.js\" switcher\n00280| import { cache } from 'react'\n00281| import { db, posts, eq } from '@/lib/db'\n00282| \n00283| export const getPost = cache(async (id) => {\n00284| const post = await db.query.posts.findFirst({\n00285| where: eq(posts.id, parseInt(id)),\n00286| })\n00287| })\n00288| ```\n00289| \n00290| ## Preloading data\n00291| \n00292| You can preload data by creating a utility function that you eagerly call above blocking requests. This lets you initiate data fetching early, so the data is already available by the time the component renders.\n00293| \n00294| Combine the [`server-only` package](https://www.npmjs.com/package/server-only) with React's [`cache`](https://react.dev/reference/react/cache) to create a reusable preload utility:\n00295| \n00296| ```ts filename=\"utils/get-item.ts\" switcher\n00297| import { cache } from 'react'\n00298| import 'server-only'\n00299| \n00300| export const getItem = cache(async (id: string) => {\n00301| // ...\n00302| })\n00303| \n00304| export const preload = (id: string) => {\n00305| void getItem(id)\n00306| }\n00307| ```\n00308| \n00309| ```js filename=\"utils/get-item.js\" switcher\n00310| import { cache } from 'react'\n00311| import 'server-only'\n00312| \n00313| export const getItem = cache(async (id) => {\n00314| // ...\n00315| })\n00316| \n00317| export const preload = (id) => {\n00318| void getItem(id)\n00319| }\n00320| ```\n00321| \n00322| Then call `preload()` before any blocking work so the data starts loading immediately:\n00323| \n00324| ```tsx filename=\"app/item/[id]/page.tsx\" switcher\n00325| import { getItem, preload, checkIsAvailable } from '@/lib/data'\n00326| \n00327| export default async function Page({\n00328| params,\n00329| }: {\n00330| params: Promise<{ id: string }>\n00331| }) {\n00332| const { id } = await params\n00333| // Start loading item data\n00334| preload(id)\n00335| // Perform another asynchronous task\n00336| const isAvailable = await checkIsAvailable()\n00337| \n00338| return isAvailable ? \n00109| This is an advanced option that should only be used if you specifically need to override the default behavior.
\n00110| \n00111| By default, Next.js **will cache** any `fetch()` requests that are reachable **before** any Request-time APIs are used and **will not cache** `fetch` requests that are discovered **after** Request-time APIs are used.\n00112| \n00113| `fetchCache` allows you to override the default `cache` option of all `fetch` requests in a layout or page.\n00114| \n00115| ```tsx filename=\"layout.tsx | page.tsx | route.ts\" switcher\n00116| export const fetchCache = 'auto'\n00117| // 'auto' | 'default-cache' | 'only-cache'\n00118| // 'force-cache' | 'force-no-store' | 'default-no-store' | 'only-no-store'\n00119| ```\n00120| \n00121| ```jsx filename=\"layout.js | page.js | route.js\" switcher\n00122| export const fetchCache = 'auto'\n00123| // 'auto' | 'default-cache' | 'only-cache'\n00124| // 'force-cache' | 'force-no-store' | 'default-no-store' | 'only-no-store'\n00125| ```\n00126| \n00127| - **`'auto'`** (default): The default option to cache `fetch` requests before Request-time APIs with the `cache` option they provide and not cache `fetch` requests after Request-time APIs.\n00128| - **`'default-cache'`**: Allow any `cache` option to be passed to `fetch` but if no option is provided then set the `cache` option to `'force-cache'`. This means that even `fetch` requests after Request-time APIs are considered static.\n00129| - **`'only-cache'`**: Ensure all `fetch` requests opt into caching by changing the default to `cache: 'force-cache'` if no option is provided and causing an error if any `fetch` requests use `cache: 'no-store'`.\n00130| - **`'force-cache'`**: Ensure all `fetch` requests opt into caching by setting the `cache` option of all `fetch` requests to `'force-cache'`.\n00131| - **`'default-no-store'`**: Allow any `cache` option to be passed to `fetch` but if no option is provided then set the `cache` option to `'no-store'`. This means that even `fetch` requests before Request-time APIs are considered dynamic.\n00132| - **`'only-no-store'`**: Ensure all `fetch` requests opt out of caching by changing the default to `cache: 'no-store'` if no option is provided and causing an error if any `fetch` requests use `cache: 'force-cache'`\n00133| - **`'force-no-store'`**: Ensure all `fetch` requests opt out of caching by setting the `cache` option of all `fetch` requests to `'no-store'`. This forces all `fetch` requests to be re-fetched every request even if they provide a `'force-cache'` option.\n00134| \n00135| ##### Cross-route segment behavior\n00136| \n00137| - Any options set across each layout and page of a single route need to be compatible with each other.\n00138| - If both the `'only-cache'` and `'force-cache'` are provided, then `'force-cache'` wins. If both `'only-no-store'` and `'force-no-store'` are provided, then `'force-no-store'` wins. The force option changes the behavior across the route so a single segment with `'force-*'` would prevent any errors caused by `'only-*'`.\n00139| - The intention of the `'only-*'` and `'force-*'` options is to guarantee the whole route is either fully static or fully dynamic. This means:\n00140| - A combination of `'only-cache'` and `'only-no-store'` in a single route is not allowed.\n00141| - A combination of `'force-cache'` and `'force-no-store'` in a single route is not allowed.\n00142| - A parent cannot provide `'default-no-store'` if a child provides `'auto'` or `'*-cache'` since that could make the same fetch have different behavior.\n00143| - It is generally recommended to leave shared parent layouts as `'auto'` and customize the options where child segments diverge.\n00144| \n00145| \n00146| \n00147| ## Time-based revalidation\n00148| \n00149| Use the `next.revalidate` option on `fetch` to revalidate data after a specified number of seconds:\n00150| \n00151| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00152| export default async function Page() {\n00153| const data = await fetch('https://...', { next: { revalidate: 3600 } })\n00154| }\n00155| ```\n00156| \n00157| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.jsx\" switcher\n00158| export default async function Page() {\n00159| const data = await fetch('https://...', { next: { revalidate: 3600 } })\n00160| }\n00161| ```\n00162| \n00163| For non-`fetch` functions, `unstable_cache` accepts a `revalidate` option in its configuration (see [example above](#unstable_cache-for-non-fetch-functions)).\n00164| \n00165| ### Route segment config `revalidate`\n00166| \n00167| Set the default revalidation time for a layout or page. This option does not override the `revalidate` value set by individual `fetch` requests.\n00168| \n00169| ```tsx filename=\"layout.tsx | page.tsx | route.ts\" switcher\n00170| export const revalidate = false\n00171| // false | 0 | number\n00172| ```\n00173| \n00174| ```jsx filename=\"layout.js | page.js | route.js\" switcher\n00175| export const revalidate = false\n00176| // false | 0 | number\n00177| ```\n00178| \n00179| - **`false`** (default): The default heuristic to cache any `fetch` requests that set their `cache` option to `'force-cache'` or are discovered before a Request-time API is used. Semantically equivalent to `revalidate: Infinity` which effectively means the resource should be cached indefinitely. It is still possible for individual `fetch` requests to use `cache: 'no-store'` or `revalidate: 0` to avoid being cached and make the route dynamically rendered. Or set `revalidate` to a positive number lower than the route default to increase the revalidation frequency of a route.\n00180| - **`0`**: Ensure a layout or page is always dynamically rendered even if no Request-time APIs or uncached data fetches are discovered. This option changes the default of `fetch` requests that do not set a `cache` option to `'no-store'` but leaves `fetch` requests that opt into `'force-cache'` or use a positive `revalidate` as is.\n00181| - **`number`**: (in seconds) Set the default revalidation frequency of a layout or page to `n` seconds.\n00182| \n00183| > **Good to know**:\n00184| >\n00185| > - The revalidate value needs to be statically analyzable. For example `revalidate = 600` is valid, but `revalidate = 60 * 10` is not.\n00186| > - The revalidate value is not available when using the deprecated `runtime = 'edge'`.\n00187| > - In Development, Pages are _always_ rendered on-demand and are never cached. This allows you to see changes immediately without waiting for a revalidation period to pass.\n00188| \n00189| #### Revalidation frequency\n00190| \n00191| - The lowest `revalidate` across each layout and page of a single route will determine the revalidation frequency of the _entire_ route. This ensures that child pages are revalidated as frequently as their parent layouts.\n00192| - Individual `fetch` requests can set a lower `revalidate` than the route's default `revalidate` to increase the revalidation frequency of the entire route. This allows you to dynamically opt-in to more frequent revalidation for certain routes based on some criteria.\n00193| \n00194| ## On-demand revalidation\n00195| \n00196| To revalidate cached data after an event, use [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag) or [`revalidatePath`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidatePath) in a [Server Action](/docs/app/getting-started/mutating-data) or [Route Handler](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route).\n00197| \n00198| ### Tagging cached data\n00199| \n00200| Tag `fetch` requests with `next.tags` to enable on-demand cache invalidation:\n00201| \n00202| ```tsx filename=\"app/lib/data.ts\" switcher\n00203| export async function getUserById(id: string) {\n00204| const data = await fetch(`https://...`, {\n00205| next: { tags: ['user'] },\n00206| })\n00207| }\n00208| ```\n00209| \n00210| ```jsx filename=\"app/lib/data.js\" switcher\n00211| export async function getUserById(id) {\n00212| const data = await fetch(`https://...`, {\n00213| next: { tags: ['user'] },\n00214| })\n00215| }\n00216| ```\n00217| \n00218| For non-`fetch` functions, `unstable_cache` also accepts a `tags` option (see [example above](#unstable_cache-for-non-fetch-functions)).\n00219| \n00220| ### `revalidateTag`\n00221| \n00222| Invalidate cached data by tag using [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag):\n00223| \n00224| ```tsx filename=\"app/lib/actions.ts\" switcher\n00225| import { revalidateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00226| \n00227| export async function updateUser(id: string) {\n00228| // Mutate data\n00229| revalidateTag('user', 'max')\n00230| }\n00231| ```\n00232| \n00233| ```jsx filename=\"app/lib/actions.js\" switcher\n00234| import { revalidateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00235| \n00236| export async function updateUser(id) {\n00237| // Mutate data\n00238| revalidateTag('user', 'max')\n00239| }\n00240| ```\n00241| \n00242| ### `revalidatePath`\n00243| \n00244| Invalidate all cached data for a specific route path using [`revalidatePath`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidatePath):\n00245| \n00246| ```tsx filename=\"app/lib/actions.ts\" switcher\n00247| import { revalidatePath } from 'next/cache'\n00248| \n00249| export async function updateUser(id: string) {\n00250| // Mutate data\n00251| revalidatePath('/profile')\n00252| }\n00253| ```\n00254| \n00255| ```jsx filename=\"app/lib/actions.js\" switcher\n00256| import { revalidatePath } from 'next/cache'\n00257| \n00258| export async function updateUser(id) {\n00259| // Mutate data\n00260| revalidatePath('/profile')\n00261| }\n00262| ```\n00263| \n00264| ## Deduplicating requests\n00265| \n00266| If you are not using `fetch` (which is [automatically memoized](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/fetch#memoization)), and instead using an ORM or database directly, you can wrap your data access with the [React `cache`](https://react.dev/reference/react/cache) function to deduplicate requests within a single render pass:\n00267| \n00268| ```tsx filename=\"app/lib/data.ts\" switcher\n00269| import { cache } from 'react'\n00270| import { db, posts, eq } from '@/lib/db'\n00271| \n00272| export const getPost = cache(async (id: string) => {\n00273| const post = await db.query.posts.findFirst({\n00274| where: eq(posts.id, parseInt(id)),\n00275| })\n00276| })\n00277| ```\n00278| \n00279| ```jsx filename=\"app/lib/data.js\" switcher\n00280| import { cache } from 'react'\n00281| import { db, posts, eq } from '@/lib/db'\n00282| \n00283| export const getPost = cache(async (id) => {\n00284| const post = await db.query.posts.findFirst({\n00285| where: eq(posts.id, parseInt(id)),\n00286| })\n00287| })\n00288| ```\n00289| \n00290| ## Preloading data\n00291| \n00292| You can preload data by creating a utility function that you eagerly call above blocking requests. This lets you initiate data fetching early, so the data is already available by the time the component renders.\n00293| \n00294| Combine the [`server-only` package](https://www.npmjs.com/package/server-only) with React's [`cache`](https://react.dev/reference/react/cache) to create a reusable preload utility:\n00295| \n00296| ```ts filename=\"utils/get-item.ts\" switcher\n00297| import { cache } from 'react'\n00298| import 'server-only'\n00299| \n00300| export const getItem = cache(async (id: string) => {\n00301| // ...\n00302| })\n00303| \n00304| export const preload = (id: string) => {\n00305| void getItem(id)\n00306| }\n00307| ```\n00308| \n00309| ```js filename=\"utils/get-item.js\" switcher\n00310| import { cache } from 'react'\n00311| import 'server-only'\n00312| \n00313| export const getItem = cache(async (id) => {\n00314| // ...\n00315| })\n00316| \n00317| export const preload = (id) => {\n00318| void getItem(id)\n00319| }\n00320| ```\n00321| \n00322| Then call `preload()` before any blocking work so the data starts loading immediately:\n00323| \n00324| ```tsx filename=\"app/item/[id]/page.tsx\" switcher\n00325| import { getItem, preload, checkIsAvailable } from '@/lib/data'\n00326| \n00327| export default async function Page({\n00328| params,\n00329| }: {\n00330| params: Promise<{ id: string }>\n00331| }) {\n00332| const { id } = await params\n00333| // Start loading item data\n00334| preload(id)\n00335| // Perform another asynchronous task\n00336| const isAvailable = await checkIsAvailable()\n00337| \n00338| return isAvailable ? \n00109| This is an advanced option that should only be used if you specifically need to override the default behavior.
\n00110| \n00111| By default, Next.js **will cache** any `fetch()` requests that are reachable **before** any Request-time APIs are used and **will not cache** `fetch` requests that are discovered **after** Request-time APIs are used.\n00112| \n00113| `fetchCache` allows you to override the default `cache` option of all `fetch` requests in a layout or page.\n00114| \n00115| ```tsx filename=\"layout.tsx | page.tsx | route.ts\" switcher\n00116| export const fetchCache = 'auto'\n00117| // 'auto' | 'default-cache' | 'only-cache'\n00118| // 'force-cache' | 'force-no-store' | 'default-no-store' | 'only-no-store'\n00119| ```\n00120| \n00121| ```jsx filename=\"layout.js | page.js | route.js\" switcher\n00122| export const fetchCache = 'auto'\n00123| // 'auto' | 'default-cache' | 'only-cache'\n00124| // 'force-cache' | 'force-no-store' | 'default-no-store' | 'only-no-store'\n00125| ```\n00126| \n00127| - **`'auto'`** (default): The default option to cache `fetch` requests before Request-time APIs with the `cache` option they provide and not cache `fetch` requests after Request-time APIs.\n00128| - **`'default-cache'`**: Allow any `cache` option to be passed to `fetch` but if no option is provided then set the `cache` option to `'force-cache'`. This means that even `fetch` requests after Request-time APIs are considered static.\n00129| - **`'only-cache'`**: Ensure all `fetch` requests opt into caching by changing the default to `cache: 'force-cache'` if no option is provided and causing an error if any `fetch` requests use `cache: 'no-store'`.\n00130| - **`'force-cache'`**: Ensure all `fetch` requests opt into caching by setting the `cache` option of all `fetch` requests to `'force-cache'`.\n00131| - **`'default-no-store'`**: Allow any `cache` option to be passed to `fetch` but if no option is provided then set the `cache` option to `'no-store'`. This means that even `fetch` requests before Request-time APIs are considered dynamic.\n00132| - **`'only-no-store'`**: Ensure all `fetch` requests opt out of caching by changing the default to `cache: 'no-store'` if no option is provided and causing an error if any `fetch` requests use `cache: 'force-cache'`\n00133| - **`'force-no-store'`**: Ensure all `fetch` requests opt out of caching by setting the `cache` option of all `fetch` requests to `'no-store'`. This forces all `fetch` requests to be re-fetched every request even if they provide a `'force-cache'` option.\n00134| \n00135| ##### Cross-route segment behavior\n00136| \n00137| - Any options set across each layout and page of a single route need to be compatible with each other.\n00138| - If both the `'only-cache'` and `'force-cache'` are provided, then `'force-cache'` wins. If both `'only-no-store'` and `'force-no-store'` are provided, then `'force-no-store'` wins. The force option changes the behavior across the route so a single segment with `'force-*'` would prevent any errors caused by `'only-*'`.\n00139| - The intention of the `'only-*'` and `'force-*'` options is to guarantee the whole route is either fully static or fully dynamic. This means:\n00140| - A combination of `'only-cache'` and `'only-no-store'` in a single route is not allowed.\n00141| - A combination of `'force-cache'` and `'force-no-store'` in a single route is not allowed.\n00142| - A parent cannot provide `'default-no-store'` if a child provides `'auto'` or `'*-cache'` since that could make the same fetch have different behavior.\n00143| - It is generally recommended to leave shared parent layouts as `'auto'` and customize the options where child segments diverge.\n00144| \n00145| \n00146| \n00147| ## Time-based revalidation\n00148| \n00149| Use the `next.revalidate` option on `fetch` to revalidate data after a specified number of seconds:\n00150| \n00151| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00152| export default async function Page() {\n00153| const data = await fetch('https://...', { next: { revalidate: 3600 } })\n00154| }\n00155| ```\n00156| \n00157| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.jsx\" switcher\n00158| export default async function Page() {\n00159| const data = await fetch('https://...', { next: { revalidate: 3600 } })\n00160| }\n00161| ```\n00162| \n00163| For non-`fetch` functions, `unstable_cache` accepts a `revalidate` option in its configuration (see [example above](#unstable_cache-for-non-fetch-functions)).\n00164| \n00165| ### Route segment config `revalidate`\n00166| \n00167| Set the default revalidation time for a layout or page. This option does not override the `revalidate` value set by individual `fetch` requests.\n00168| \n00169| ```tsx filename=\"layout.tsx | page.tsx | route.ts\" switcher\n00170| export const revalidate = false\n00171| // false | 0 | number\n00172| ```\n00173| \n00174| ```jsx filename=\"layout.js | page.js | route.js\" switcher\n00175| export const revalidate = false\n00176| // false | 0 | number\n00177| ```\n00178| \n00179| - **`false`** (default): The default heuristic to cache any `fetch` requests that set their `cache` option to `'force-cache'` or are discovered before a Request-time API is used. Semantically equivalent to `revalidate: Infinity` which effectively means the resource should be cached indefinitely. It is still possible for individual `fetch` requests to use `cache: 'no-store'` or `revalidate: 0` to avoid being cached and make the route dynamically rendered. Or set `revalidate` to a positive number lower than the route default to increase the revalidation frequency of a route.\n00180| - **`0`**: Ensure a layout or page is always dynamically rendered even if no Request-time APIs or uncached data fetches are discovered. This option changes the default of `fetch` requests that do not set a `cache` option to `'no-store'` but leaves `fetch` requests that opt into `'force-cache'` or use a positive `revalidate` as is.\n00181| - **`number`**: (in seconds) Set the default revalidation frequency of a layout or page to `n` seconds.\n00182| \n00183| > **Good to know**:\n00184| >\n00185| > - The revalidate value needs to be statically analyzable. For example `revalidate = 600` is valid, but `revalidate = 60 * 10` is not.\n00186| > - The revalidate value is not available when using the deprecated `runtime = 'edge'`.\n00187| > - In Development, Pages are _always_ rendered on-demand and are never cached. This allows you to see changes immediately without waiting for a revalidation period to pass.\n00188| \n00189| #### Revalidation frequency\n00190| \n00191| - The lowest `revalidate` across each layout and page of a single route will determine the revalidation frequency of the _entire_ route. This ensures that child pages are revalidated as frequently as their parent layouts.\n00192| - Individual `fetch` requests can set a lower `revalidate` than the route's default `revalidate` to increase the revalidation frequency of the entire route. This allows you to dynamically opt-in to more frequent revalidation for certain routes based on some criteria.\n00193| \n00194| ## On-demand revalidation\n00195| \n00196| To revalidate cached data after an event, use [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag) or [`revalidatePath`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidatePath) in a [Server Action](/docs/app/getting-started/mutating-data) or [Route Handler](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route).\n00197| \n00198| ### Tagging cached data\n00199| \n00200| Tag `fetch` requests with `next.tags` to enable on-demand cache invalidation:\n00201| \n00202| ```tsx filename=\"app/lib/data.ts\" switcher\n00203| export async function getUserById(id: string) {\n00204| const data = await fetch(`https://...`, {\n00205| next: { tags: ['user'] },\n00206| })\n00207| }\n00208| ```\n00209| \n00210| ```jsx filename=\"app/lib/data.js\" switcher\n00211| export async function getUserById(id) {\n00212| const data = await fetch(`https://...`, {\n00213| next: { tags: ['user'] },\n00214| })\n00215| }\n00216| ```\n00217| \n00218| For non-`fetch` functions, `unstable_cache` also accepts a `tags` option (see [example above](#unstable_cache-for-non-fetch-functions)).\n00219| \n00220| ### `revalidateTag`\n00221| \n00222| Invalidate cached data by tag using [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag):\n00223| \n00224| ```tsx filename=\"app/lib/actions.ts\" switcher\n00225| import { revalidateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00226| \n00227| export async function updateUser(id: string) {\n00228| // Mutate data\n00229| revalidateTag('user', 'max')\n00230| }\n00231| ```\n00232| \n00233| ```jsx filename=\"app/lib/actions.js\" switcher\n00234| import { revalidateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00235| \n00236| export async function updateUser(id) {\n00237| // Mutate data\n00238| revalidateTag('user', 'max')\n00239| }\n00240| ```\n00241| \n00242| ### `revalidatePath`\n00243| \n00244| Invalidate all cached data for a specific route path using [`revalidatePath`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidatePath):\n00245| \n00246| ```tsx filename=\"app/lib/actions.ts\" switcher\n00247| import { revalidatePath } from 'next/cache'\n00248| \n00249| export async function updateUser(id: string) {\n00250| // Mutate data\n00251| revalidatePath('/profile')\n00252| }\n00253| ```\n00254| \n00255| ```jsx filename=\"app/lib/actions.js\" switcher\n00256| import { revalidatePath } from 'next/cache'\n00257| \n00258| export async function updateUser(id) {\n00259| // Mutate data\n00260| revalidatePath('/profile')\n00261| }\n00262| ```\n00263| \n00264| ## Deduplicating requests\n00265| \n00266| If you are not using `fetch` (which is [automatically memoized](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/fetch#memoization)), and instead using an ORM or database directly, you can wrap your data access with the [React `cache`](https://react.dev/reference/react/cache) function to deduplicate requests within a single render pass:\n00267| \n00268| ```tsx filename=\"app/lib/data.ts\" switcher\n00269| import { cache } from 'react'\n00270| import { db, posts, eq } from '@/lib/db'\n00271| \n00272| export const getPost = cache(async (id: string) => {\n00273| const post = await db.query.posts.findFirst({\n00274| where: eq(posts.id, parseInt(id)),\n00275| })\n00276| })\n00277| ```\n00278| \n00279| ```jsx filename=\"app/lib/data.js\" switcher\n00280| import { cache } from 'react'\n00281| import { db, posts, eq } from '@/lib/db'\n00282| \n00283| export const getPost = cache(async (id) => {\n00284| const post = await db.query.posts.findFirst({\n00285| where: eq(posts.id, parseInt(id)),\n00286| })\n00287| })\n00288| ```\n00289| \n00290| ## Preloading data\n00291| \n00292| You can preload data by creating a utility function that you eagerly call above blocking requests. This lets you initiate data fetching early, so the data is already available by the time the component renders.\n00293| \n00294| Combine the [`server-only` package](https://www.npmjs.com/package/server-only) with React's [`cache`](https://react.dev/reference/react/cache) to create a reusable preload utility:\n00295| \n00296| ```ts filename=\"utils/get-item.ts\" switcher\n00297| import { cache } from 'react'\n00298| import 'server-only'\n00299| \n00300| export const getItem = cache(async (id: string) => {\n00301| // ...\n00302| })\n00303| \n00304| export const preload = (id: string) => {\n00305| void getItem(id)\n00306| }\n00307| ```\n00308| \n00309| ```js filename=\"utils/get-item.js\" switcher\n00310| import { cache } from 'react'\n00311| import 'server-only'\n00312| \n00313| export const getItem = cache(async (id) => {\n00314| // ...\n00315| })\n00316| \n00317| export const preload = (id) => {\n00318| void getItem(id)\n00319| }\n00320| ```\n00321| \n00322| Then call `preload()` before any blocking work so the data starts loading immediately:\n00323| \n00324| ```tsx filename=\"app/item/[id]/page.tsx\" switcher\n00325| import { getItem, preload, checkIsAvailable } from '@/lib/data'\n00326| \n00327| export default async function Page({\n00328| params,\n00329| }: {\n00330| params: Promise<{ id: string }>\n00331| }) {\n00332| const { id } = await params\n00333| // Start loading item data\n00334| preload(id)\n00335| // Perform another asynchronous task\n00336| const isAvailable = await checkIsAvailable()\n00337| \n00338| return isAvailable ? {id}
\n00144| }\n00145| \n00146| // Invalid - class instance\n00147| async function UserProfile({ user }: { user: UserClass }) {\n00148| 'use cache'\n00149| // Error: Cannot serialize class instance\n00150| return {user.name}
\n00151| }\n00152| ```\n00153| \n00154| ### Pass-through (non-serializable arguments)\n00155| \n00156| You can accept non-serializable values **as long as you don't introspect them**. This enables composition patterns with `children` and Server Actions:\n00157| \n00158| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/cached-wrapper.tsx\"\n00159| async function CachedWrapper({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {\n00160| 'use cache'\n00161| // Don't read or modify children - just pass it through\n00162| return (\n00163| \n00164| \n00165| {children}\n00166|
\n00167| )\n00168| }\n00169| \n00170| // Usage: children can be dynamic\n00171| export default function Page() {\n00172| return (\n00173| \n00174| {/* Not cached, passed through */}\n00175| \n00176| )\n00177| }\n00178| ```\n00179| \n00180| You can also pass Server Actions through cached components:\n00181| \n00182| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/cached-form.tsx\"\n00183| async function CachedForm({ action }: { action: () => Promise }) {\n00184| 'use cache'\n00185| // Don't call action here - just pass it through\n00186| return \n00187| }\n00188| ```\n00189| \n00190| ## Constraints\n00191| \n00192| Cached functions execute in an isolated environment. The following constraints ensure cache behavior remains predictable and secure.\n00193| \n00194| ### Request-time APIs\n00195| \n00196| Cached functions and components **cannot** directly access runtime APIs like `cookies()`, `headers()`, or `searchParams`. Instead, read these values outside the cached scope and pass them as arguments.\n00197| \n00198| ### Runtime caching considerations\n00199| \n00200| While `use cache` is designed primarily to include uncached data in the static shell, it can also cache data at runtime using in-memory LRU (Least Recently Used) storage.\n00201| \n00202| With the default in-memory handler, runtime cache behavior depends on your hosting environment:\n00203| \n00204| | Environment | Runtime Caching Behavior |\n00205| | --------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n00206| | **Serverless** | Cache entries typically don't persist across requests (each request can be a different instance), or during revalidation. Build-time caching works normally. |\n00207| | **Self-hosted** | Cache entries persist across requests. Control cache size with [`cacheMaxMemorySize`](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/incrementalCacheHandlerPath). |\n00208| \n00209| For example, in a serverless environment, a cached function shared by two pages executes on each static shell revalidation, whereas in self-hosted or environments with persistent memory, the cached output is reused if it's still fresh.\n00210| \n00211| If the default in-memory cache isn't enough, consider **[`use cache: remote`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-remote)** which allows platforms to provide a dedicated cache handler (like Redis or KV database). This helps reduce hits against data sources not scaled to your total traffic, though it comes with costs (storage, network latency, platform fees).\n00212| \n00213| > [!NOTE]\n00214| > With the default in-memory handler, serverless instances are ephemeral, so entries may not be reused between requests, unlike with `use cache: remote`. Neither caching directive carries over to a new deploy, because the [cache key](#cache-keys) includes the build (or `deploymentId`) ID.\n00215| >\n00216| > For data that needs to persist across deploys, use [`unstable_cache`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/unstable_cache) for non-`fetch` functions or the [`fetch`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/fetch) cache.\n00217| \n00218| Very rarely, for compliance requirements or when you can't refactor your code to pass runtime data as arguments to a `use cache` scope, you might need [`use cache: private`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-private).\n00219| \n00220| ### Draft Mode\n00221| \n00222| When [Draft Mode](/docs/app/guides/draft-mode) is enabled, all cached functions and components re-execute on every request, and results are not saved to the cache. This ensures draft content is always fresh without requiring any changes to your caching code.\n00223| \n00224| You can read `isEnabled` from [`draftMode()`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/draft-mode) inside a `use cache` scope, however, other runtime APIs like `cookies()` and `headers()` are not allowed, even when Draft Mode is active. See [Passing runtime values to cached functions](/docs/app/getting-started/caching#passing-runtime-values-to-cached-functions) for the recommended pattern.\n00225| \n00226| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/content.tsx\"\n00227| import { draftMode } from 'next/headers'\n00228| \n00229| async function Content() {\n00230| 'use cache'\n00231| \n00232| const { isEnabled } = await draftMode()\n00233| const url = isEnabled\n00234| ? 'https://draft.example.com/content'\n00235| : 'https://production.example.com/content'\n00236| \n00237| const data = await fetch(url)\n00238| return {/* ... */}\n00239| }\n00240| ```\n00241| \n00242| Calling `enable()` or `disable()` inside a caching directive scope will also throw an error. Draft Mode can only be toggled in [Route Handlers](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route) or [Server Actions](/docs/app/getting-started/mutating-data).\n00243| \n00244| ### React.cache isolation\n00245| \n00246| [`React.cache`](https://react.dev/reference/react/cache) operates in an isolated scope inside `use cache` boundaries. Values stored via `React.cache` outside a `use cache` function are not visible inside it.\n00247| \n00248| This means you cannot use `React.cache` to pass data into a `use cache` scope:\n00249| \n00250| ```tsx\n00251| import { cache } from 'react'\n00252| \n00253| const store = cache(() => ({ current: null as string | null }))\n00254| \n00255| function Parent() {\n00256| const shared = store()\n00257| shared.current = 'value from parent'\n00258| return \n00259| }\n00260| \n00261| async function Child() {\n00262| 'use cache'\n00263| const shared = store()\n00264| // shared.current is null, not 'value from parent'\n00265| // use cache has its own isolated React.cache scope\n00266| return {shared.current}
\n00267| }\n00268| ```\n00269| \n00270| This isolation ensures cached functions have predictable, self-contained behavior. To pass data into a `use cache` scope, use function arguments instead.\n00271| \n00272| ## `use cache` at runtime\n00273| \n00274| On the **server**, cache entries are stored in-memory and respect the `revalidate` and `expire` times from your `cacheLife` configuration. You can customize the cache storage by configuring [`cacheHandlers`](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheHandlers) in your `next.config.js` file.\n00275| \n00276| On the **client**, content from the server cache is stored in the browser's memory for the duration defined by the `stale` time. The client router enforces a **minimum 30-second stale time**, regardless of configuration.\n00277| \n00278| The `x-nextjs-stale-time` response header communicates cache lifetime from server to client, ensuring coordinated behavior.\n00279| \n00280| ## Revalidation\n00281| \n00282| By default, `use cache` uses the `default` profile with these settings:\n00283| \n00284| - **stale**: 5 minutes (client-side)\n00285| - **revalidate**: 15 minutes (server-side)\n00286| - **expire**: Never expires by time\n00287| \n00288| ```tsx filename=\"lib/data.ts\"\n00289| async function getData() {\n00290| 'use cache'\n00291| // Implicitly uses default profile\n00292| return fetch('/api/data')\n00293| }\n00294| ```\n00295| \n00296| ### Customizing cache lifetime\n00297| \n00298| Use the [`cacheLife`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/cacheLife) function to customize cache duration:\n00299| \n00300| ```tsx filename=\"lib/data.ts\"\n00301| import { cacheLife } from 'next/cache'\n00302| \n00303| async function getData() {\n00304| 'use cache'\n00305| cacheLife('hours') // Use built-in 'hours' profile\n00306| return fetch('/api/data')\n00307| }\n00308| ```\n00309| \n00310| ### On-demand revalidation\n00311| \n00312| Use [`cacheTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/cacheTag), [`updateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/updateTag), or [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag) for on-demand cache invalidation:\n00313| \n00314| ```tsx filename=\"lib/data.ts\"\n00315| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00316| \n00317| async function getProducts() {\n00318| 'use cache'\n00319| cacheTag('products')\n00320| return fetch('/api/products')\n00321| }\n00322| ```\n00323| \n00324| ```tsx filename=\"app/actions.ts\"\n00325| 'use server'\n00326| \n00327| import { updateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00328| \n00329| export async function updateProduct() {\n00330| await db.products.update(...)\n00331| updateTag('products') // Invalidates all 'products' caches\n00332| }\n00333| ```\n00334| \n00335| Both `cacheLife` and `cacheTag` integrate across client and server caching layers, meaning you configure your caching semantics in one place and they apply everywhere.\n00336| \n00337| ## Examples\n00338| \n00339| ### Caching an entire route with `use cache`\n00340| \n00341| To prerender an entire route, add `use cache` to the top of **both** the `layout` and `page` files. Each of these segments are treated as separate entry points in your application, and will be cached independently.\n00342| \n00343| ```tsx filename=\"app/layout.tsx\" switcher\n00344| 'use cache'\n00345| \n00346| export default async function Layout({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {\n00347| return {children}
\n00348| }\n00349| ```\n00350| \n00351| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00352| 'use cache'\n00353| \n00354| export default async function Layout({ children }) {\n00355| return {children}
\n00356| }\n00357| ```\n00358| \n00359| Any components imported and nested in `page` file are part of the cache output associated with the `page`.\n00360| \n00361| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00362| 'use cache'\n00363| \n00364| async function Users() {\n00365| const users = await fetch('/api/users')\n00366| // loop through users\n00367| }\n00368| \n00369| export default async function Page() {\n00370| return (\n00371| \n00372| \n00373| \n00374| )\n00375| }\n00376| ```\n00377| \n00378| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.js\" switcher\n00379| 'use cache'\n00380| \n00381| async function Users() {\n00382| const users = await fetch('/api/users')\n00383| // loop through users\n00384| }\n00385| \n00386| export default async function Page() {\n00387| return (\n00388| \n00389| \n00390| \n00391| )\n00392| }\n00393| ```\n00394| \n00395| > **Good to know**:\n00396| >\n00397| > - If `use cache` is added only to the `layout` or the `page`, only that route segment and any components imported into it will be cached.\n00398| \n00399| ### Caching a component's output with `use cache`\n00400| \n00401| You can use `use cache` at the component level to cache any fetches or computations performed within that component. The cache entry will be reused as long as the serialized props produce the same value in each instance.\n00402| \n00403| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.tsx\" highlight={2} switcher\n00404| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }: BookingsProps) {\n00405| 'use cache'\n00406| async function getBookingsData() {\n00407| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00408| return data\n00409| }\n00410| return //...\n00411| }\n00412| \n00413| interface BookingsProps {\n00414| type: string\n00415| }\n00416| ```\n00417| \n00418| ```jsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.js\" highlight={2} switcher\n00419| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }) {\n00420| 'use cache'\n00421| async function getBookingsData() {\n00422| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00423| return data\n00424| }\n00425| return //...\n00426| }\n00427| ```\n00428| \n00429| ### Caching function output with `use cache`\n00430| \n00431| Since you can add `use cache` to any asynchronous function, you aren't limited to caching components or routes only. You might want to cache a network request, a database query, or a slow computation.\n00432| \n00433| ```tsx filename=\"app/actions.ts\" highlight={2} switcher\n00434| export async function getData() {\n00435| 'use cache'\n00436| \n00437| const data = await fetch('/api/data')\n00438| return data\n00439| }\n00440| ```\n00441| \n00442| ```jsx filename=\"app/actions.js\" highlight={2} switcher\n00443| export async function getData() {\n00444| 'use cache'\n00445| \n00446| const data = await fetch('/api/data')\n00447| return data\n00448| }\n00449| ```\n00450| \n00451| > **Good to know:** When a cached directive (`use cache`, [`use cache: private`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-private), or [`use cache: remote`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-remote)) is at the top of a file, you can import its exported functions into a Client Component and call them directly; they run on the server and return the result, similar to a [Server Function](/docs/app/glossary#server-function). Prefer calling cached functions on the server and passing results down as props.\n00452| \n00453| ### Interleaving\n00454| \n00455| In React, composition with `children` or slots is a well-known pattern for building flexible components. When using `use cache`, you can continue to compose your UI in this way. Anything included as `children`, or other compositional slots, in the returned JSX will be passed through the cached component without affecting its cache entry.\n00456| \n00457| As long as you don't directly reference any of the JSX slots inside the body of the cacheable function itself, their presence in the returned output won't affect the cache entry.\n00458| \n00459| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00460| export default async function Page() {\n00461| const uncachedData = await getData()\n00462| return (\n00463| // Pass compositional slots as props, e.g. header and children\n00464| Home}>\n00465| {/* DynamicComponent is provided as the children slot */}\n00466| \n00467| \n00468| )\n00469| }\n00470| \n00471| async function CacheComponent({\n00472| header, // header: a compositional slot, injected as a prop\n00473| children, // children: another slot for nested composition\n00474| }: {\n00475| header: ReactNode\n00476| children: ReactNode\n00477| }) {\n00478| 'use cache'\n00479| const cachedData = await fetch('/api/cached-data')\n00480| return (\n00481| \n00482| {header}\n00483|
\n00484| {children}\n00485|
\n00510| {header}\n00511|
\n00512| {children}\n00513|
}>\n00625|
\n00626| \n00627| )\n00628| }\n00629| \n00630| async function Dynamic() {\n00631| const cookieStore = cookies()\n00632| return
// Build hangs\n00633| }\n00634| \n00635| async function Cached({ promise }: { promise: Promise
}) {\n00636| 'use cache'\n00637| const data = await promise // Waits for runtime data during build\n00638| return ..
\n00639| }\n00640| ```\n00641| \n00642| Await the `cookies` store in the `Dynamic` component, and pass a cookie value to the `Cached` component.\n00643| \n00644| **Shared deduplication storage:**\n00645| \n00646| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\"\n00647| // Problem: Map stores dynamic Promises, accessed by cached code\n00648| import { Suspense } from 'react'\n00649| \n00650| const cache = new Map>()\n00651| \n00652| export default function Page() {\n00653| return (\n00654| <>\n00655| Loading...Dynamic
\n00670| }\n00671| \n00672| async function Cached({ id }: { id: string }) {\n00673| 'use cache'\n00674| return {await cache.get(id)}
// Build hangs - retrieves dynamic Promise\n00675| }\n00676| ```\n00677| \n00678| Use Next.js's built-in `fetch()` deduplication or use separate Maps for cached and uncached contexts.\n00679| \n00680| ## Platform Support\n00681| \n00682| | Deployment Option | Supported |\n00683| | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------- |\n00684| | [Node.js server](/docs/app/getting-started/deploying#nodejs-server) | Yes |\n00685| | [Docker container](/docs/app/getting-started/deploying#docker) | Yes |\n00686| | [Static export](/docs/app/getting-started/deploying#static-export) | No |\n00687| | [Adapters](/docs/app/getting-started/deploying#adapters) | Platform-specific |\n00688| \n00689| Learn how to [configure caching](/docs/app/guides/self-hosting#caching-and-isr) when self-hosting Next.js.\n00690| \n00691| ## Version History\n00692| \n00693| | Version | Changes |\n00694| | --------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- |\n00695| | `v16.0.0` | `\"use cache\"` is enabled with the Cache Components feature. |\n00696| | `v15.0.0` | `\"use cache\"` is introduced as an experimental feature. |\n00697| \n\n(End of file - total 697 lines)\n",
+ "title": "node_modules/next/dist/docs/01-app/03-api-reference/01-directives/use-cache.md",
+ "metadata": {
+ "preview": "---\ntitle: use cache\ndescription: Learn how to use the \"use cache\" directive to cache data in your Next.js application.\nrelated:\n title: Related\n description: View related API references.\n links:\n - app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-private\n - app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents\n - app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheLife\n - app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheHandlers\n - app/api-reference/functions/cacheTag\n - app/api-reference/functions/cacheLife\n - app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag\n---\n\nThe `use cache` directive allows you to mark a route, React component, or a function as cacheable. It can be used at the top of a file to indicate that all exports in the file should be cached, or inline at the top of a function or component to cache the return value. Functions and components that use `use cache` must be async.\n\n> **Good to know:**\n>"
+ },
+ "time": {
+ "start": 1781392535983,
+ "end": 1781392535986
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "timestamp": "2026-06-13T23:15:35.988Z",
+ "type": "tool_result",
+ "tool": {
+ "name": "file_read",
+ "originalName": "read",
+ "result": "\n00001| ---\n00002| title: use cache\n00003| description: Learn how to use the \"use cache\" directive to cache data in your Next.js application.\n00004| related:\n00005| title: Related\n00006| description: View related API references.\n00007| links:\n00008| - app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-private\n00009| - app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents\n00010| - app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheLife\n00011| - app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheHandlers\n00012| - app/api-reference/functions/cacheTag\n00013| - app/api-reference/functions/cacheLife\n00014| - app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag\n00015| ---\n00016| \n00017| The `use cache` directive allows you to mark a route, React component, or a function as cacheable. It can be used at the top of a file to indicate that all exports in the file should be cached, or inline at the top of a function or component to cache the return value. Functions and components that use `use cache` must be async.\n00018| \n00019| > **Good to know:**\n00020| >\n00021| > - To use cookies or headers, read them outside cached scopes and pass values as arguments. This is the preferred pattern.\n00022| > - If the in-memory cache isn't sufficient for runtime data, [`'use cache: remote'`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-remote) allows platforms to provide a dedicated cache handler, though it requires a network roundtrip to check the cache and typically incurs platform fees.\n00023| > - For compliance requirements or when you can't refactor to pass runtime data as arguments to a `use cache` scope, see [`'use cache: private'`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-private).\n00024| \n00025| ## Usage\n00026| \n00027| `use cache` is a Cache Components feature. To enable it, add the [`cacheComponents`](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents) option to your `next.config.ts` file:\n00028| \n00029| ```ts filename=\"next.config.ts\" switcher\n00030| import type { NextConfig } from 'next'\n00031| \n00032| const nextConfig: NextConfig = {\n00033| cacheComponents: true,\n00034| }\n00035| \n00036| export default nextConfig\n00037| ```\n00038| \n00039| ```js filename=\"next.config.js\" switcher\n00040| /** @type {import('next').NextConfig} */\n00041| const nextConfig = {\n00042| cacheComponents: true,\n00043| }\n00044| \n00045| module.exports = nextConfig\n00046| ```\n00047| \n00048| Then, add `use cache` at the file, component, or function level. All functions and components using `use cache` must be async. When used at file level, every exported function becomes a cached function and must also be async:\n00049| \n00050| ```tsx\n00051| // File level\n00052| 'use cache'\n00053| \n00054| export default async function Page() {\n00055| // ...\n00056| }\n00057| \n00058| // Component level\n00059| export async function MyComponent() {\n00060| 'use cache'\n00061| return <>\n00062| }\n00063| \n00064| // Function level\n00065| export async function getData() {\n00066| 'use cache'\n00067| const data = await fetch('/api/data')\n00068| return data\n00069| }\n00070| ```\n00071| \n00072| ## How `use cache` works\n00073| \n00074| ### Cache keys\n00075| \n00076| A cache entry's key is generated using a serialized version of its inputs, which includes:\n00077| \n00078| 1. **Build ID** - Unique per build, changing this invalidates all cache entries. If [`deploymentId`](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/deploymentId) is configured, it overrides the build ID for cache key purposes.\n00079| 2. **Function ID** - A secure hash of the function's location and signature in the codebase\n00080| 3. **Serializable arguments** - Props (for components) or function arguments\n00081| 4. **HMR refresh hash** (development only) - Invalidates cache on hot module replacement\n00082| \n00083| When a cached function references variables from outer scopes, those variables are automatically captured and bound as arguments, making them part of the cache key.\n00084| \n00085| ```tsx filename=\"lib/data.ts\"\n00086| async function Component({ userId }: { userId: string }) {\n00087| const getData = async (filter: string) => {\n00088| 'use cache'\n00089| // Cache key includes both userId (from closure) and filter (argument)\n00090| return fetch(`/api/users/${userId}/data?filter=${filter}`)\n00091| }\n00092| \n00093| return getData('active')\n00094| }\n00095| ```\n00096| \n00097| In the snippet above, `userId` is captured from the outer scope and `filter` is passed as an argument, so both become part of the `getData` function's cache key. This means different user and filter combinations will have separate cache entries.\n00098| \n00099| > **Good to know:** When a cached function reads [root parameters](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/next-root-params), only the ones it actually reads become part of its cache key.\n00100| \n00101| ## Serialization\n00102| \n00103| Arguments to cached functions and their return values must be serializable.\n00104| \n00105| For a complete reference, see:\n00106| \n00107| - [Serializable arguments](https://react.dev/reference/rsc/use-server#serializable-parameters-and-return-values) - Uses **React Server Components** serialization\n00108| - [Serializable return types](https://react.dev/reference/rsc/use-client#serializable-types) - Uses **React Client Components** serialization\n00109| \n00110| > **Good to know:** Arguments and return values use different serialization systems. Server Component serialization (for arguments) is more restrictive than Client Component serialization (for return values). This means you can return JSX elements but cannot accept them as arguments unless using pass-through patterns.\n00111| \n00112| ### Supported types\n00113| \n00114| **Arguments:**\n00115| \n00116| - Primitives: `string`, `number`, `boolean`, `null`, `undefined`\n00117| - Plain objects: `{ key: value }`\n00118| - Arrays: `[1, 2, 3]`\n00119| - Dates, Maps, Sets, TypedArrays, ArrayBuffers\n00120| - React elements (as pass-through only)\n00121| \n00122| **Return values:**\n00123| \n00124| - Same as arguments, plus JSX elements\n00125| \n00126| ### Unsupported types\n00127| \n00128| - Class instances\n00129| - Functions (except as pass-through)\n00130| - Symbols, WeakMaps, WeakSets\n00131| - URL instances\n00132| \n00133| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/user-card.tsx\"\n00134| // Valid - primitives and plain objects\n00135| async function UserCard({\n00136| id,\n00137| config,\n00138| }: {\n00139| id: string\n00140| config: { theme: string }\n00141| }) {\n00142| 'use cache'\n00143| return {id}
\n00144| }\n00145| \n00146| // Invalid - class instance\n00147| async function UserProfile({ user }: { user: UserClass }) {\n00148| 'use cache'\n00149| // Error: Cannot serialize class instance\n00150| return {user.name}
\n00151| }\n00152| ```\n00153| \n00154| ### Pass-through (non-serializable arguments)\n00155| \n00156| You can accept non-serializable values **as long as you don't introspect them**. This enables composition patterns with `children` and Server Actions:\n00157| \n00158| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/cached-wrapper.tsx\"\n00159| async function CachedWrapper({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {\n00160| 'use cache'\n00161| // Don't read or modify children - just pass it through\n00162| return (\n00163| \n00164| \n00165| {children}\n00166|
\n00167| )\n00168| }\n00169| \n00170| // Usage: children can be dynamic\n00171| export default function Page() {\n00172| return (\n00173| \n00174| {/* Not cached, passed through */}\n00175| \n00176| )\n00177| }\n00178| ```\n00179| \n00180| You can also pass Server Actions through cached components:\n00181| \n00182| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/cached-form.tsx\"\n00183| async function CachedForm({ action }: { action: () => Promise }) {\n00184| 'use cache'\n00185| // Don't call action here - just pass it through\n00186| return \n00187| }\n00188| ```\n00189| \n00190| ## Constraints\n00191| \n00192| Cached functions execute in an isolated environment. The following constraints ensure cache behavior remains predictable and secure.\n00193| \n00194| ### Request-time APIs\n00195| \n00196| Cached functions and components **cannot** directly access runtime APIs like `cookies()`, `headers()`, or `searchParams`. Instead, read these values outside the cached scope and pass them as arguments.\n00197| \n00198| ### Runtime caching considerations\n00199| \n00200| While `use cache` is designed primarily to include uncached data in the static shell, it can also cache data at runtime using in-memory LRU (Least Recently Used) storage.\n00201| \n00202| With the default in-memory handler, runtime cache behavior depends on your hosting environment:\n00203| \n00204| | Environment | Runtime Caching Behavior |\n00205| | --------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n00206| | **Serverless** | Cache entries typically don't persist across requests (each request can be a different instance), or during revalidation. Build-time caching works normally. |\n00207| | **Self-hosted** | Cache entries persist across requests. Control cache size with [`cacheMaxMemorySize`](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/incrementalCacheHandlerPath). |\n00208| \n00209| For example, in a serverless environment, a cached function shared by two pages executes on each static shell revalidation, whereas in self-hosted or environments with persistent memory, the cached output is reused if it's still fresh.\n00210| \n00211| If the default in-memory cache isn't enough, consider **[`use cache: remote`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-remote)** which allows platforms to provide a dedicated cache handler (like Redis or KV database). This helps reduce hits against data sources not scaled to your total traffic, though it comes with costs (storage, network latency, platform fees).\n00212| \n00213| > [!NOTE]\n00214| > With the default in-memory handler, serverless instances are ephemeral, so entries may not be reused between requests, unlike with `use cache: remote`. Neither caching directive carries over to a new deploy, because the [cache key](#cache-keys) includes the build (or `deploymentId`) ID.\n00215| >\n00216| > For data that needs to persist across deploys, use [`unstable_cache`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/unstable_cache) for non-`fetch` functions or the [`fetch`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/fetch) cache.\n00217| \n00218| Very rarely, for compliance requirements or when you can't refactor your code to pass runtime data as arguments to a `use cache` scope, you might need [`use cache: private`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-private).\n00219| \n00220| ### Draft Mode\n00221| \n00222| When [Draft Mode](/docs/app/guides/draft-mode) is enabled, all cached functions and components re-execute on every request, and results are not saved to the cache. This ensures draft content is always fresh without requiring any changes to your caching code.\n00223| \n00224| You can read `isEnabled` from [`draftMode()`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/draft-mode) inside a `use cache` scope, however, other runtime APIs like `cookies()` and `headers()` are not allowed, even when Draft Mode is active. See [Passing runtime values to cached functions](/docs/app/getting-started/caching#passing-runtime-values-to-cached-functions) for the recommended pattern.\n00225| \n00226| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/content.tsx\"\n00227| import { draftMode } from 'next/headers'\n00228| \n00229| async function Content() {\n00230| 'use cache'\n00231| \n00232| const { isEnabled } = await draftMode()\n00233| const url = isEnabled\n00234| ? 'https://draft.example.com/content'\n00235| : 'https://production.example.com/content'\n00236| \n00237| const data = await fetch(url)\n00238| return {/* ... */}\n00239| }\n00240| ```\n00241| \n00242| Calling `enable()` or `disable()` inside a caching directive scope will also throw an error. Draft Mode can only be toggled in [Route Handlers](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route) or [Server Actions](/docs/app/getting-started/mutating-data).\n00243| \n00244| ### React.cache isolation\n00245| \n00246| [`React.cache`](https://react.dev/reference/react/cache) operates in an isolated scope inside `use cache` boundaries. Values stored via `React.cache` outside a `use cache` function are not visible inside it.\n00247| \n00248| This means you cannot use `React.cache` to pass data into a `use cache` scope:\n00249| \n00250| ```tsx\n00251| import { cache } from 'react'\n00252| \n00253| const store = cache(() => ({ current: null as string | null }))\n00254| \n00255| function Parent() {\n00256| const shared = store()\n00257| shared.current = 'value from parent'\n00258| return \n00259| }\n00260| \n00261| async function Child() {\n00262| 'use cache'\n00263| const shared = store()\n00264| // shared.current is null, not 'value from parent'\n00265| // use cache has its own isolated React.cache scope\n00266| return {shared.current}
\n00267| }\n00268| ```\n00269| \n00270| This isolation ensures cached functions have predictable, self-contained behavior. To pass data into a `use cache` scope, use function arguments instead.\n00271| \n00272| ## `use cache` at runtime\n00273| \n00274| On the **server**, cache entries are stored in-memory and respect the `revalidate` and `expire` times from your `cacheLife` configuration. You can customize the cache storage by configuring [`cacheHandlers`](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheHandlers) in your `next.config.js` file.\n00275| \n00276| On the **client**, content from the server cache is stored in the browser's memory for the duration defined by the `stale` time. The client router enforces a **minimum 30-second stale time**, regardless of configuration.\n00277| \n00278| The `x-nextjs-stale-time` response header communicates cache lifetime from server to client, ensuring coordinated behavior.\n00279| \n00280| ## Revalidation\n00281| \n00282| By default, `use cache` uses the `default` profile with these settings:\n00283| \n00284| - **stale**: 5 minutes (client-side)\n00285| - **revalidate**: 15 minutes (server-side)\n00286| - **expire**: Never expires by time\n00287| \n00288| ```tsx filename=\"lib/data.ts\"\n00289| async function getData() {\n00290| 'use cache'\n00291| // Implicitly uses default profile\n00292| return fetch('/api/data')\n00293| }\n00294| ```\n00295| \n00296| ### Customizing cache lifetime\n00297| \n00298| Use the [`cacheLife`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/cacheLife) function to customize cache duration:\n00299| \n00300| ```tsx filename=\"lib/data.ts\"\n00301| import { cacheLife } from 'next/cache'\n00302| \n00303| async function getData() {\n00304| 'use cache'\n00305| cacheLife('hours') // Use built-in 'hours' profile\n00306| return fetch('/api/data')\n00307| }\n00308| ```\n00309| \n00310| ### On-demand revalidation\n00311| \n00312| Use [`cacheTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/cacheTag), [`updateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/updateTag), or [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag) for on-demand cache invalidation:\n00313| \n00314| ```tsx filename=\"lib/data.ts\"\n00315| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00316| \n00317| async function getProducts() {\n00318| 'use cache'\n00319| cacheTag('products')\n00320| return fetch('/api/products')\n00321| }\n00322| ```\n00323| \n00324| ```tsx filename=\"app/actions.ts\"\n00325| 'use server'\n00326| \n00327| import { updateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00328| \n00329| export async function updateProduct() {\n00330| await db.products.update(...)\n00331| updateTag('products') // Invalidates all 'products' caches\n00332| }\n00333| ```\n00334| \n00335| Both `cacheLife` and `cacheTag` integrate across client and server caching layers, meaning you configure your caching semantics in one place and they apply everywhere.\n00336| \n00337| ## Examples\n00338| \n00339| ### Caching an entire route with `use cache`\n00340| \n00341| To prerender an entire route, add `use cache` to the top of **both** the `layout` and `page` files. Each of these segments are treated as separate entry points in your application, and will be cached independently.\n00342| \n00343| ```tsx filename=\"app/layout.tsx\" switcher\n00344| 'use cache'\n00345| \n00346| export default async function Layout({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {\n00347| return {children}
\n00348| }\n00349| ```\n00350| \n00351| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00352| 'use cache'\n00353| \n00354| export default async function Layout({ children }) {\n00355| return {children}
\n00356| }\n00357| ```\n00358| \n00359| Any components imported and nested in `page` file are part of the cache output associated with the `page`.\n00360| \n00361| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00362| 'use cache'\n00363| \n00364| async function Users() {\n00365| const users = await fetch('/api/users')\n00366| // loop through users\n00367| }\n00368| \n00369| export default async function Page() {\n00370| return (\n00371| \n00372| \n00373| \n00374| )\n00375| }\n00376| ```\n00377| \n00378| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.js\" switcher\n00379| 'use cache'\n00380| \n00381| async function Users() {\n00382| const users = await fetch('/api/users')\n00383| // loop through users\n00384| }\n00385| \n00386| export default async function Page() {\n00387| return (\n00388| \n00389| \n00390| \n00391| )\n00392| }\n00393| ```\n00394| \n00395| > **Good to know**:\n00396| >\n00397| > - If `use cache` is added only to the `layout` or the `page`, only that route segment and any components imported into it will be cached.\n00398| \n00399| ### Caching a component's output with `use cache`\n00400| \n00401| You can use `use cache` at the component level to cache any fetches or computations performed within that component. The cache entry will be reused as long as the serialized props produce the same value in each instance.\n00402| \n00403| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.tsx\" highlight={2} switcher\n00404| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }: BookingsProps) {\n00405| 'use cache'\n00406| async function getBookingsData() {\n00407| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00408| return data\n00409| }\n00410| return //...\n00411| }\n00412| \n00413| interface BookingsProps {\n00414| type: string\n00415| }\n00416| ```\n00417| \n00418| ```jsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.js\" highlight={2} switcher\n00419| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }) {\n00420| 'use cache'\n00421| async function getBookingsData() {\n00422| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00423| return data\n00424| }\n00425| return //...\n00426| }\n00427| ```\n00428| \n00429| ### Caching function output with `use cache`\n00430| \n00431| Since you can add `use cache` to any asynchronous function, you aren't limited to caching components or routes only. You might want to cache a network request, a database query, or a slow computation.\n00432| \n00433| ```tsx filename=\"app/actions.ts\" highlight={2} switcher\n00434| export async function getData() {\n00435| 'use cache'\n00436| \n00437| const data = await fetch('/api/data')\n00438| return data\n00439| }\n00440| ```\n00441| \n00442| ```jsx filename=\"app/actions.js\" highlight={2} switcher\n00443| export async function getData() {\n00444| 'use cache'\n00445| \n00446| const data = await fetch('/api/data')\n00447| return data\n00448| }\n00449| ```\n00450| \n00451| > **Good to know:** When a cached directive (`use cache`, [`use cache: private`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-private), or [`use cache: remote`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-remote)) is at the top of a file, you can import its exported functions into a Client Component and call them directly; they run on the server and return the result, similar to a [Server Function](/docs/app/glossary#server-function). Prefer calling cached functions on the server and passing results down as props.\n00452| \n00453| ### Interleaving\n00454| \n00455| In React, composition with `children` or slots is a well-known pattern for building flexible components. When using `use cache`, you can continue to compose your UI in this way. Anything included as `children`, or other compositional slots, in the returned JSX will be passed through the cached component without affecting its cache entry.\n00456| \n00457| As long as you don't directly reference any of the JSX slots inside the body of the cacheable function itself, their presence in the returned output won't affect the cache entry.\n00458| \n00459| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00460| export default async function Page() {\n00461| const uncachedData = await getData()\n00462| return (\n00463| // Pass compositional slots as props, e.g. header and children\n00464| Home}>\n00465| {/* DynamicComponent is provided as the children slot */}\n00466| \n00467| \n00468| )\n00469| }\n00470| \n00471| async function CacheComponent({\n00472| header, // header: a compositional slot, injected as a prop\n00473| children, // children: another slot for nested composition\n00474| }: {\n00475| header: ReactNode\n00476| children: ReactNode\n00477| }) {\n00478| 'use cache'\n00479| const cachedData = await fetch('/api/cached-data')\n00480| return (\n00481| \n00482| {header}\n00483|
\n00484| {children}\n00485|
\n00510| {header}\n00511|
\n00512| {children}\n00513|
}>\n00625|
\n00626| \n00627| )\n00628| }\n00629| \n00630| async function Dynamic() {\n00631| const cookieStore = cookies()\n00632| return
// Build hangs\n00633| }\n00634| \n00635| async function Cached({ promise }: { promise: Promise
}) {\n00636| 'use cache'\n00637| const data = await promise // Waits for runtime data during build\n00638| return ..
\n00639| }\n00640| ```\n00641| \n00642| Await the `cookies` store in the `Dynamic` component, and pass a cookie value to the `Cached` component.\n00643| \n00644| **Shared deduplication storage:**\n00645| \n00646| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\"\n00647| // Problem: Map stores dynamic Promises, accessed by cached code\n00648| import { Suspense } from 'react'\n00649| \n00650| const cache = new Map>()\n00651| \n00652| export default function Page() {\n00653| return (\n00654| <>\n00655| Loading...Dynamic
\n00670| }\n00671| \n00672| async function Cached({ id }: { id: string }) {\n00673| 'use cache'\n00674| return {await cache.get(id)}
// Build hangs - retrieves dynamic Promise\n00675| }\n00676| ```\n00677| \n00678| Use Next.js's built-in `fetch()` deduplication or use separate Maps for cached and uncached contexts.\n00679| \n00680| ## Platform Support\n00681| \n00682| | Deployment Option | Supported |\n00683| | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------- |\n00684| | [Node.js server](/docs/app/getting-started/deploying#nodejs-server) | Yes |\n00685| | [Docker container](/docs/app/getting-started/deploying#docker) | Yes |\n00686| | [Static export](/docs/app/getting-started/deploying#static-export) | No |\n00687| | [Adapters](/docs/app/getting-started/deploying#adapters) | Platform-specific |\n00688| \n00689| Learn how to [configure caching](/docs/app/guides/self-hosting#caching-and-isr) when self-hosting Next.js.\n00690| \n00691| ## Version History\n00692| \n00693| | Version | Changes |\n00694| | --------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- |\n00695| | `v16.0.0` | `\"use cache\"` is enabled with the Cache Components feature. |\n00696| | `v15.0.0` | `\"use cache\"` is introduced as an experimental feature. |\n00697| \n\n(End of file - total 697 lines)\n",
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+ "output": "\n00001| ---\n00002| title: use cache\n00003| description: Learn how to use the \"use cache\" directive to cache data in your Next.js application.\n00004| related:\n00005| title: Related\n00006| description: View related API references.\n00007| links:\n00008| - app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-private\n00009| - app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents\n00010| - app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheLife\n00011| - app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheHandlers\n00012| - app/api-reference/functions/cacheTag\n00013| - app/api-reference/functions/cacheLife\n00014| - app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag\n00015| ---\n00016| \n00017| The `use cache` directive allows you to mark a route, React component, or a function as cacheable. It can be used at the top of a file to indicate that all exports in the file should be cached, or inline at the top of a function or component to cache the return value. Functions and components that use `use cache` must be async.\n00018| \n00019| > **Good to know:**\n00020| >\n00021| > - To use cookies or headers, read them outside cached scopes and pass values as arguments. This is the preferred pattern.\n00022| > - If the in-memory cache isn't sufficient for runtime data, [`'use cache: remote'`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-remote) allows platforms to provide a dedicated cache handler, though it requires a network roundtrip to check the cache and typically incurs platform fees.\n00023| > - For compliance requirements or when you can't refactor to pass runtime data as arguments to a `use cache` scope, see [`'use cache: private'`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-private).\n00024| \n00025| ## Usage\n00026| \n00027| `use cache` is a Cache Components feature. To enable it, add the [`cacheComponents`](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheComponents) option to your `next.config.ts` file:\n00028| \n00029| ```ts filename=\"next.config.ts\" switcher\n00030| import type { NextConfig } from 'next'\n00031| \n00032| const nextConfig: NextConfig = {\n00033| cacheComponents: true,\n00034| }\n00035| \n00036| export default nextConfig\n00037| ```\n00038| \n00039| ```js filename=\"next.config.js\" switcher\n00040| /** @type {import('next').NextConfig} */\n00041| const nextConfig = {\n00042| cacheComponents: true,\n00043| }\n00044| \n00045| module.exports = nextConfig\n00046| ```\n00047| \n00048| Then, add `use cache` at the file, component, or function level. All functions and components using `use cache` must be async. When used at file level, every exported function becomes a cached function and must also be async:\n00049| \n00050| ```tsx\n00051| // File level\n00052| 'use cache'\n00053| \n00054| export default async function Page() {\n00055| // ...\n00056| }\n00057| \n00058| // Component level\n00059| export async function MyComponent() {\n00060| 'use cache'\n00061| return <>\n00062| }\n00063| \n00064| // Function level\n00065| export async function getData() {\n00066| 'use cache'\n00067| const data = await fetch('/api/data')\n00068| return data\n00069| }\n00070| ```\n00071| \n00072| ## How `use cache` works\n00073| \n00074| ### Cache keys\n00075| \n00076| A cache entry's key is generated using a serialized version of its inputs, which includes:\n00077| \n00078| 1. **Build ID** - Unique per build, changing this invalidates all cache entries. If [`deploymentId`](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/deploymentId) is configured, it overrides the build ID for cache key purposes.\n00079| 2. **Function ID** - A secure hash of the function's location and signature in the codebase\n00080| 3. **Serializable arguments** - Props (for components) or function arguments\n00081| 4. **HMR refresh hash** (development only) - Invalidates cache on hot module replacement\n00082| \n00083| When a cached function references variables from outer scopes, those variables are automatically captured and bound as arguments, making them part of the cache key.\n00084| \n00085| ```tsx filename=\"lib/data.ts\"\n00086| async function Component({ userId }: { userId: string }) {\n00087| const getData = async (filter: string) => {\n00088| 'use cache'\n00089| // Cache key includes both userId (from closure) and filter (argument)\n00090| return fetch(`/api/users/${userId}/data?filter=${filter}`)\n00091| }\n00092| \n00093| return getData('active')\n00094| }\n00095| ```\n00096| \n00097| In the snippet above, `userId` is captured from the outer scope and `filter` is passed as an argument, so both become part of the `getData` function's cache key. This means different user and filter combinations will have separate cache entries.\n00098| \n00099| > **Good to know:** When a cached function reads [root parameters](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/next-root-params), only the ones it actually reads become part of its cache key.\n00100| \n00101| ## Serialization\n00102| \n00103| Arguments to cached functions and their return values must be serializable.\n00104| \n00105| For a complete reference, see:\n00106| \n00107| - [Serializable arguments](https://react.dev/reference/rsc/use-server#serializable-parameters-and-return-values) - Uses **React Server Components** serialization\n00108| - [Serializable return types](https://react.dev/reference/rsc/use-client#serializable-types) - Uses **React Client Components** serialization\n00109| \n00110| > **Good to know:** Arguments and return values use different serialization systems. Server Component serialization (for arguments) is more restrictive than Client Component serialization (for return values). This means you can return JSX elements but cannot accept them as arguments unless using pass-through patterns.\n00111| \n00112| ### Supported types\n00113| \n00114| **Arguments:**\n00115| \n00116| - Primitives: `string`, `number`, `boolean`, `null`, `undefined`\n00117| - Plain objects: `{ key: value }`\n00118| - Arrays: `[1, 2, 3]`\n00119| - Dates, Maps, Sets, TypedArrays, ArrayBuffers\n00120| - React elements (as pass-through only)\n00121| \n00122| **Return values:**\n00123| \n00124| - Same as arguments, plus JSX elements\n00125| \n00126| ### Unsupported types\n00127| \n00128| - Class instances\n00129| - Functions (except as pass-through)\n00130| - Symbols, WeakMaps, WeakSets\n00131| - URL instances\n00132| \n00133| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/user-card.tsx\"\n00134| // Valid - primitives and plain objects\n00135| async function UserCard({\n00136| id,\n00137| config,\n00138| }: {\n00139| id: string\n00140| config: { theme: string }\n00141| }) {\n00142| 'use cache'\n00143| return {id}
\n00144| }\n00145| \n00146| // Invalid - class instance\n00147| async function UserProfile({ user }: { user: UserClass }) {\n00148| 'use cache'\n00149| // Error: Cannot serialize class instance\n00150| return {user.name}
\n00151| }\n00152| ```\n00153| \n00154| ### Pass-through (non-serializable arguments)\n00155| \n00156| You can accept non-serializable values **as long as you don't introspect them**. This enables composition patterns with `children` and Server Actions:\n00157| \n00158| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/cached-wrapper.tsx\"\n00159| async function CachedWrapper({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {\n00160| 'use cache'\n00161| // Don't read or modify children - just pass it through\n00162| return (\n00163| \n00164| \n00165| {children}\n00166|
\n00167| )\n00168| }\n00169| \n00170| // Usage: children can be dynamic\n00171| export default function Page() {\n00172| return (\n00173| \n00174| {/* Not cached, passed through */}\n00175| \n00176| )\n00177| }\n00178| ```\n00179| \n00180| You can also pass Server Actions through cached components:\n00181| \n00182| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/cached-form.tsx\"\n00183| async function CachedForm({ action }: { action: () => Promise }) {\n00184| 'use cache'\n00185| // Don't call action here - just pass it through\n00186| return \n00187| }\n00188| ```\n00189| \n00190| ## Constraints\n00191| \n00192| Cached functions execute in an isolated environment. The following constraints ensure cache behavior remains predictable and secure.\n00193| \n00194| ### Request-time APIs\n00195| \n00196| Cached functions and components **cannot** directly access runtime APIs like `cookies()`, `headers()`, or `searchParams`. Instead, read these values outside the cached scope and pass them as arguments.\n00197| \n00198| ### Runtime caching considerations\n00199| \n00200| While `use cache` is designed primarily to include uncached data in the static shell, it can also cache data at runtime using in-memory LRU (Least Recently Used) storage.\n00201| \n00202| With the default in-memory handler, runtime cache behavior depends on your hosting environment:\n00203| \n00204| | Environment | Runtime Caching Behavior |\n00205| | --------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n00206| | **Serverless** | Cache entries typically don't persist across requests (each request can be a different instance), or during revalidation. Build-time caching works normally. |\n00207| | **Self-hosted** | Cache entries persist across requests. Control cache size with [`cacheMaxMemorySize`](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/incrementalCacheHandlerPath). |\n00208| \n00209| For example, in a serverless environment, a cached function shared by two pages executes on each static shell revalidation, whereas in self-hosted or environments with persistent memory, the cached output is reused if it's still fresh.\n00210| \n00211| If the default in-memory cache isn't enough, consider **[`use cache: remote`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-remote)** which allows platforms to provide a dedicated cache handler (like Redis or KV database). This helps reduce hits against data sources not scaled to your total traffic, though it comes with costs (storage, network latency, platform fees).\n00212| \n00213| > [!NOTE]\n00214| > With the default in-memory handler, serverless instances are ephemeral, so entries may not be reused between requests, unlike with `use cache: remote`. Neither caching directive carries over to a new deploy, because the [cache key](#cache-keys) includes the build (or `deploymentId`) ID.\n00215| >\n00216| > For data that needs to persist across deploys, use [`unstable_cache`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/unstable_cache) for non-`fetch` functions or the [`fetch`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/fetch) cache.\n00217| \n00218| Very rarely, for compliance requirements or when you can't refactor your code to pass runtime data as arguments to a `use cache` scope, you might need [`use cache: private`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-private).\n00219| \n00220| ### Draft Mode\n00221| \n00222| When [Draft Mode](/docs/app/guides/draft-mode) is enabled, all cached functions and components re-execute on every request, and results are not saved to the cache. This ensures draft content is always fresh without requiring any changes to your caching code.\n00223| \n00224| You can read `isEnabled` from [`draftMode()`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/draft-mode) inside a `use cache` scope, however, other runtime APIs like `cookies()` and `headers()` are not allowed, even when Draft Mode is active. See [Passing runtime values to cached functions](/docs/app/getting-started/caching#passing-runtime-values-to-cached-functions) for the recommended pattern.\n00225| \n00226| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/content.tsx\"\n00227| import { draftMode } from 'next/headers'\n00228| \n00229| async function Content() {\n00230| 'use cache'\n00231| \n00232| const { isEnabled } = await draftMode()\n00233| const url = isEnabled\n00234| ? 'https://draft.example.com/content'\n00235| : 'https://production.example.com/content'\n00236| \n00237| const data = await fetch(url)\n00238| return {/* ... */}\n00239| }\n00240| ```\n00241| \n00242| Calling `enable()` or `disable()` inside a caching directive scope will also throw an error. Draft Mode can only be toggled in [Route Handlers](/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route) or [Server Actions](/docs/app/getting-started/mutating-data).\n00243| \n00244| ### React.cache isolation\n00245| \n00246| [`React.cache`](https://react.dev/reference/react/cache) operates in an isolated scope inside `use cache` boundaries. Values stored via `React.cache` outside a `use cache` function are not visible inside it.\n00247| \n00248| This means you cannot use `React.cache` to pass data into a `use cache` scope:\n00249| \n00250| ```tsx\n00251| import { cache } from 'react'\n00252| \n00253| const store = cache(() => ({ current: null as string | null }))\n00254| \n00255| function Parent() {\n00256| const shared = store()\n00257| shared.current = 'value from parent'\n00258| return \n00259| }\n00260| \n00261| async function Child() {\n00262| 'use cache'\n00263| const shared = store()\n00264| // shared.current is null, not 'value from parent'\n00265| // use cache has its own isolated React.cache scope\n00266| return {shared.current}
\n00267| }\n00268| ```\n00269| \n00270| This isolation ensures cached functions have predictable, self-contained behavior. To pass data into a `use cache` scope, use function arguments instead.\n00271| \n00272| ## `use cache` at runtime\n00273| \n00274| On the **server**, cache entries are stored in-memory and respect the `revalidate` and `expire` times from your `cacheLife` configuration. You can customize the cache storage by configuring [`cacheHandlers`](/docs/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheHandlers) in your `next.config.js` file.\n00275| \n00276| On the **client**, content from the server cache is stored in the browser's memory for the duration defined by the `stale` time. The client router enforces a **minimum 30-second stale time**, regardless of configuration.\n00277| \n00278| The `x-nextjs-stale-time` response header communicates cache lifetime from server to client, ensuring coordinated behavior.\n00279| \n00280| ## Revalidation\n00281| \n00282| By default, `use cache` uses the `default` profile with these settings:\n00283| \n00284| - **stale**: 5 minutes (client-side)\n00285| - **revalidate**: 15 minutes (server-side)\n00286| - **expire**: Never expires by time\n00287| \n00288| ```tsx filename=\"lib/data.ts\"\n00289| async function getData() {\n00290| 'use cache'\n00291| // Implicitly uses default profile\n00292| return fetch('/api/data')\n00293| }\n00294| ```\n00295| \n00296| ### Customizing cache lifetime\n00297| \n00298| Use the [`cacheLife`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/cacheLife) function to customize cache duration:\n00299| \n00300| ```tsx filename=\"lib/data.ts\"\n00301| import { cacheLife } from 'next/cache'\n00302| \n00303| async function getData() {\n00304| 'use cache'\n00305| cacheLife('hours') // Use built-in 'hours' profile\n00306| return fetch('/api/data')\n00307| }\n00308| ```\n00309| \n00310| ### On-demand revalidation\n00311| \n00312| Use [`cacheTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/cacheTag), [`updateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/updateTag), or [`revalidateTag`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag) for on-demand cache invalidation:\n00313| \n00314| ```tsx filename=\"lib/data.ts\"\n00315| import { cacheTag } from 'next/cache'\n00316| \n00317| async function getProducts() {\n00318| 'use cache'\n00319| cacheTag('products')\n00320| return fetch('/api/products')\n00321| }\n00322| ```\n00323| \n00324| ```tsx filename=\"app/actions.ts\"\n00325| 'use server'\n00326| \n00327| import { updateTag } from 'next/cache'\n00328| \n00329| export async function updateProduct() {\n00330| await db.products.update(...)\n00331| updateTag('products') // Invalidates all 'products' caches\n00332| }\n00333| ```\n00334| \n00335| Both `cacheLife` and `cacheTag` integrate across client and server caching layers, meaning you configure your caching semantics in one place and they apply everywhere.\n00336| \n00337| ## Examples\n00338| \n00339| ### Caching an entire route with `use cache`\n00340| \n00341| To prerender an entire route, add `use cache` to the top of **both** the `layout` and `page` files. Each of these segments are treated as separate entry points in your application, and will be cached independently.\n00342| \n00343| ```tsx filename=\"app/layout.tsx\" switcher\n00344| 'use cache'\n00345| \n00346| export default async function Layout({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {\n00347| return {children}
\n00348| }\n00349| ```\n00350| \n00351| ```jsx filename=\"app/layout.js\" switcher\n00352| 'use cache'\n00353| \n00354| export default async function Layout({ children }) {\n00355| return {children}
\n00356| }\n00357| ```\n00358| \n00359| Any components imported and nested in `page` file are part of the cache output associated with the `page`.\n00360| \n00361| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00362| 'use cache'\n00363| \n00364| async function Users() {\n00365| const users = await fetch('/api/users')\n00366| // loop through users\n00367| }\n00368| \n00369| export default async function Page() {\n00370| return (\n00371| \n00372| \n00373| \n00374| )\n00375| }\n00376| ```\n00377| \n00378| ```jsx filename=\"app/page.js\" switcher\n00379| 'use cache'\n00380| \n00381| async function Users() {\n00382| const users = await fetch('/api/users')\n00383| // loop through users\n00384| }\n00385| \n00386| export default async function Page() {\n00387| return (\n00388| \n00389| \n00390| \n00391| )\n00392| }\n00393| ```\n00394| \n00395| > **Good to know**:\n00396| >\n00397| > - If `use cache` is added only to the `layout` or the `page`, only that route segment and any components imported into it will be cached.\n00398| \n00399| ### Caching a component's output with `use cache`\n00400| \n00401| You can use `use cache` at the component level to cache any fetches or computations performed within that component. The cache entry will be reused as long as the serialized props produce the same value in each instance.\n00402| \n00403| ```tsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.tsx\" highlight={2} switcher\n00404| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }: BookingsProps) {\n00405| 'use cache'\n00406| async function getBookingsData() {\n00407| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00408| return data\n00409| }\n00410| return //...\n00411| }\n00412| \n00413| interface BookingsProps {\n00414| type: string\n00415| }\n00416| ```\n00417| \n00418| ```jsx filename=\"app/components/bookings.js\" highlight={2} switcher\n00419| export async function Bookings({ type = 'haircut' }) {\n00420| 'use cache'\n00421| async function getBookingsData() {\n00422| const data = await fetch(`/api/bookings?type=${encodeURIComponent(type)}`)\n00423| return data\n00424| }\n00425| return //...\n00426| }\n00427| ```\n00428| \n00429| ### Caching function output with `use cache`\n00430| \n00431| Since you can add `use cache` to any asynchronous function, you aren't limited to caching components or routes only. You might want to cache a network request, a database query, or a slow computation.\n00432| \n00433| ```tsx filename=\"app/actions.ts\" highlight={2} switcher\n00434| export async function getData() {\n00435| 'use cache'\n00436| \n00437| const data = await fetch('/api/data')\n00438| return data\n00439| }\n00440| ```\n00441| \n00442| ```jsx filename=\"app/actions.js\" highlight={2} switcher\n00443| export async function getData() {\n00444| 'use cache'\n00445| \n00446| const data = await fetch('/api/data')\n00447| return data\n00448| }\n00449| ```\n00450| \n00451| > **Good to know:** When a cached directive (`use cache`, [`use cache: private`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-private), or [`use cache: remote`](/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache-remote)) is at the top of a file, you can import its exported functions into a Client Component and call them directly; they run on the server and return the result, similar to a [Server Function](/docs/app/glossary#server-function). Prefer calling cached functions on the server and passing results down as props.\n00452| \n00453| ### Interleaving\n00454| \n00455| In React, composition with `children` or slots is a well-known pattern for building flexible components. When using `use cache`, you can continue to compose your UI in this way. Anything included as `children`, or other compositional slots, in the returned JSX will be passed through the cached component without affecting its cache entry.\n00456| \n00457| As long as you don't directly reference any of the JSX slots inside the body of the cacheable function itself, their presence in the returned output won't affect the cache entry.\n00458| \n00459| ```tsx filename=\"app/page.tsx\" switcher\n00460| export default async function Page() {\n00461| const uncachedData = await getData()\n00462| return (\n00463| // Pass compositional slots as props, e.g. header and children\n00464| Home}>\n00465| {/* DynamicComponent is provided as the children slot */}\n00466| \n00467| \n00468| )\n00469| }\n00470| \n00471| async function CacheComponent({\n00472| header, // header: a compositional slot, injected as a prop\n00473| children, // children: another slot for nested composition\n00474| }: {\n00475| header: ReactNode\n00476| children: ReactNode\n00477| }) {\n00478| 'use cache'\n00479| const cachedData = await fetch('/api/cached-data')\n00480| return (\n00481| \n00482| {header}\n00483|
\n00484| {children}\n00485|
\n00510| {header}\n00511|
\n00512| {children}\n00513|
\n00626| \n00627| )\n00628| }\n00629| \n00630| async function Dynamic() {\n00631| const cookieStore = cookies()\n00632| return
// Build hangs\n00633| }\n00634| \n00635| async function Cached({ promise }: { promise: Promise