Module7SemesterProjectA-Section7.cpp

//************************************************************************
// Author: Rolando Rey Carreon
// Date: mar 28 2025
// Language: C++
// Assignment: Project A - Section 7
// Description: In this section, i will create a contact card structure
//              The structure will be pre-populated with values and stored
//              in an array of structures.
//************************************************************************
/*                             MODIFICATIONS
 
    { Module 1
    created a project/ workspace for my course project
    created a welcome message header
    prompted the user for their first and last name
    outputted the welcome message with their name
    } feb 7 2025
 
    { Module 2
    prompted the user to make a selection from 1 to 3
    prompted the use to enter 0 to exit the program
    selection 1 will ask for a number to calculate the square root
    selection 2 will ask for a base and exponent to calculate the power
    selection 3 will ask for a GPA value to convert to a letter grade
    selection 0 will exit the program
    } feb 21 2025
 
    { Module 3
    wrapped the menu in a loop to continue executing until 0 is selected
    created selection 4 to allow user to create a right triangle
    enhanced the menu so that it is visually contained within a box
    } mar 7 2025
 
    { Module 4
    refactored selections 3 and 4 to be user defined void functions
    created selection 5 to calculate weekly pay
    selection 5 will prompt the user for hours worked and pay rate,
    then calculate the pay based on 40 hours at normal rate and overtime
    create selection 6 to calculate interest earned
    selection 6 will prompt the user for a balance and interest rate,
    then display the balance for the next 5 years
    } mar 28 2025
 
 
    { Module 5
    created a void function to display the header that outputs the course
    created a function that takes 2 string parameters by reference
    to refactor the prompt the user for their first and last name
    } apr 10 2025
 
    { Module 6
    created an array of 5 grades in main
    add selection 7 to allow the user to calculaye a quiz grade average
    created a void function that accepts the array of grades,
    the function will request each grade from the user
    created a void function that will display each of the grades in the array
    creted a function that will return double the average of the grade array
    selection 7 will manage the grades, when selected ask for the grades,
    then show the grades and show the average.
    } apr 25 2025
 
    { Module 7
    created a struct called 'Contacts' with 3 attributes like name and number
    populated elements of an array called 'arrayContacts' with attributes
    created a void function called 'printContacts' that will take the array
    as a parameter and print the list of contacts that are pre-populated
    added option 8 to the menu to display the contacts
    moved case 7 and added case 0 to be before defaut case
    fixed case 6 to get the balnce and rate and pass to the display function
    } may 9 2025
 
*/
#include<iostream>
#include<iomanip> // added iomanip for set precision
#include<cmath>   // added cmath for sqrt and pow functions
using namespace std;

// defined structure for contacts case 8
struct Contacts
{
    string firstName;
    string lastName;
    string phoneNumber;
};

// function prototypes
void displayHeader();
void requestName( string&, string& );
void convertGPA(); // case 3
void rightTri( ); // case 4
double calculatePay(int&, double&); // case 5
void displayInterest(double&, double&); // case 6

// option case 7 function prototypes
void getGrades(double[]);
void displayGrades(double[]);
double averageGrades(double[]);

void printContacts( Contacts pContact ); // case 8


int main()
{
    // declare local variables
    // welcome message
    string firstName, lastName;
    
    // main menu
    int menuChoice;
    int valueOne, valueTwo;
    int result;
    
    //case 5
    int hours;
    double rate;
    
    // case 6
    double balance;
    double interestRate;
    
    // case 7
    double grades[5]; // array of 5 grades
    
    // case 8
    Contacts arrayContacts [3] =  // array of 3 contacts with data
    {
        {"Scott", "Raymond", "(210)563-1234"},
        {"Fred", "Flintstone", "(210)622-5678"},
        {"Sally", "Smith", "(210)555-9753"}
    };
    
    // display course info header and prompt for first and last name
    displayHeader();
    requestName( firstName, lastName );
    
    cout << "Welcome to my course project " << firstName << "!\n"
         << "****************************************" << endl;

    // prompt menu that asks the user to choose a listed choice
    // always reprompts till user exits with '0'
    do
    {
        cout << "|----------------------------------------------------|\n"
             << "| Enter 1 to Calculate Square Root                   |\n"
             << "| Enter 2 to Enter X to the Y Power                  |\n"
             << "| Enter 3 to Convert Numerical GPA to a Letter Grade |\n"
             << "| Enter 4 to Create a Right Triangle                 |\n"
             << "| Enter 5 to Calculate Weekly Pay                    |\n"
             << "| Enter 6 to Calculate Interest Earned               |\n"
             << "| Enter 7 to Calculate Grades                        |\n"
             << "| Enter 8 to Print Contacts                          |\n"
             << "| Enter 0 to Exit                                    |\n"
             << "|----------------------------------------------------|\n"
             << "Enter Your Request: ";
        cin  >> menuChoice;
        
        // switch containing 10 menu items and default case
        switch ( menuChoice )
        {
            // menu choice 1 prompts for one value to square root
            case 1:
                cout << "Enter a number to calculate the Square Root: ";
                cin >> valueOne;
                
                // square root formula saves to result int
                result = sqrt( valueOne );
                
                // displays square root result
                cout << "The Square Root of " << valueOne << " is "
                << result << endl;
                
                break;
                
            // menu choice 2 prompts for one base and one exponent value
            case 2:
                cout << "Enter a number X to raise to the Y Power\n"
                << "Enter X: ";
                cin >> valueOne;
                cout << "Enter Y: ";
                cin >> valueTwo;
                
                // exponent formula saves to result int
                result = pow( valueOne, valueTwo) ;
                
                // displays exponent result
                cout << valueOne << " to the " << valueTwo  << " power is "
                << result << endl;
                
                break;
                
            // menu choice 3 prompts for GPA value function
            case 3:
                convertGPA();
                break;
                
            // menu choice 4 prompts for right triangle function
            case 4:
                rightTri();
                break;
                
            // menu choice 5 prompts for weekly pay calculation
            case 5:
                // prompt for hours
                cout << "Enter Hours: ";
                 cin >> hours;
                
                // prompt for rate
                cout << "Enter Pay Rate: ";
                 cin >> rate;
                
                cout << "Weekly Pay is $" << calculatePay(hours, rate)
                     << endl; // display calculated pay using the function
                break;
                
            // menu choice 6 prompts for interested earned calculation
            case 6:
                
                // prompt for balance
                cout << "Enter Initial Balance: ";
                cin >> balance;
                
                // prompt for rate
                cout << "Enter yearly Interest Rate: ";
                 cin >> interestRate;
                
                displayInterest(balance, interestRate);
                break;
                
                
            // menu choice 7 - calculate grades
            case 7:
                cout << "Grade Calculator:\n";
                getGrades(grades); // call to get grades function
    
                displayGrades(grades); // call to display grades function
                cout << "The grade average is " << averageGrades(grades)
                     << endl;// display calculated average using the function
                break;
                
            // menu choice 8 - display contacts
            case 8:
                // display the contact's details
                cout << "Contact List:" << endl;
                
                for( Contacts contact : arrayContacts )  // display the contact list details
                    printContacts( contact );
                
                break;
                
        // menu choice 6 prompts for interested earned calculation
            case 0:
                cout << "Thank you for using my program!" << endl;
                break;
                
            // choice 0 exit statment displayed if no valid options chosen
            default:
                cout << "Invalid Entry" << endl << endl;
                break;
                
        }   // end of switch statment
        
    } while ( menuChoice != 0 ); // reprompts intil user selects 0
    
    return 0;
}


// function definitions

// void function to display the header
void displayHeader()
{
    // output the header when this function is called
    cout << "****************************************\n"
         << "*     Programming 1 Course Project     *\n"
         << "****************************************\n";
}

// reference function handles to request for the user's first and last
// name. alters the values of the first and last name variables
void requestName(string& firstName, string& lastName)
{
    cout << "Please enter your first name: ";
    cin  >> firstName;  // user defined pass by reference value
    cout << "Please enter your last name: ";
    cin  >> lastName;   // user defined pass by reference value

}


// option case 3 - convertt numerical GPA to letter grade
void convertGPA()
{
    double GPA; // user defined GPA value
    
    cout << "Enter your numerical Grade (GPA): ";
    cin >> GPA;
    
    // determines 5 letter grade base on user input
    if ( GPA >= 3.7 )      // grade value >= 3.7 list as A
        cout << "Letter Grade is an A" << endl;
    
    else if ( GPA >= 2.7 ) // grade value >= 2.7 list as B
        cout << "Letter Grade is an B" << endl;
    
    else if ( GPA >= 1.7 ) // grade value >= 1.7 list as C
        cout << "Letter Grade is an C" << endl;
    
    else if ( GPA >= 0.7)  // grade value >= 0.7 list as D
        cout << "Letter Grade is an D" << endl;
    
    else         // all grade values under 0.7 list as F
        cout << "Letter Grade is an F" << endl;
}

// option case 4 - create a right triangle
void rightTri()
{
    int row, col; // displays '*' until user defined valueOne limit
    int valueOne;
    
    cout << "Enter the size of the triangle: ";
    cin  >> valueOne;
    
    // nested loop to display the right side triagnle size
    // row line height determined by user
    for ( row = 1; row <= valueOne; row++ )
    {
        // collumn displaying '*' determined by row hieght
        for ( col = 1; col <= row; col++ )
            cout << "*";
        
        // go to the next row
        cout << endl;
        
    }
}


// option case 5 - calculate weekly pay
// prompt the user for the number of hours worked and hourly pay.
// overtime will be calculated at 1.5 times rate for each hour over 40 hours
// takes 2 parameters and returns a double
double calculatePay(int& hours, double& rate)
{
    // local variables
    int overtime = 0;  // initialized to start at 0 hours worked
    double calculatedPay;   // calculated overtime pay owed
    
    // set the output to two decimal places
    cout << fixed << showpoint << setprecision(2);
    
    // if hours worked is less than or equal to 40 hours then calculate pay
    //
    if ( hours <= 40 )
        calculatedPay = hours * rate;
    
    else
    {
        overtime = hours - 40; // calc overtime hours by subtraction
        
        calculatedPay = ( 40 * rate ) +    // normal rate for 40 hours
                        ( overtime * rate * 1.5 ); // overtime rate afterhrs
        
    } // end of if else
    
    return calculatedPay; // return the calculated pay
}

// option case 6 - calculate interest earned
// display the balance of the savings acount for the nect five years
void displayInterest(double& balance, double& interestRate)
{
    // local varible
    int year;
  
    // display interest using a for loop instead
    // intialized at year 1, repeats or loop until year is equal 5
    for ( year = 1; year <= 5; year++ )
    {
        balance += balance * interestRate; // interest times yearly bal.
        cout << "Year " << year << ": $" << balance << endl; // display bal
    }
    
}

// option case 7 - calculate grades
// void function that accepts the array as a parameter by reference,
// the function will request each grade from the user and populate the array
void getGrades(double grades[])
{
    // loop to request 5 grades from the user to array
    for ( int i = 0; i < 5; i++ )
    {
        // prompt for each grade, each loop incraeses index number displayed
        cout << "Enter grade " << (i + 1) << ": ";
        cin >> grades[i]; // user populate the each array with grade
    }
}

// option 7  continued - calculate grades
// void function that will display each of the grades in the array
void displayGrades(double grades[])
{
    // set the output to two decimal places
    cout << fixed << showpoint << setprecision(2);
    
    // loop to display 5 grades from the user array
    for ( int i = 0; i < 5; i++ )
    {
        // display each grade, each loop incraeses index number displayed
        cout << "\nGrade " << (i + 1) << ": "
             << grades[i]; // display each grade
    }
    
    cout << endl;
}

// option 7 continued - calculate grades
// create a function that will return double the average of the grade array
// the function will take the array of grades as a parameter
double averageGrades(double grades[])
{
    double total = 0; // initialized/ reset total variable to 0
    double average;   // decalre varible to hold the average
    
    // set the output to two decimal places
    cout << fixed << showpoint << setprecision(2);
    
    // loop throu each array to calculate the average of the grades
    for ( int i = 0; i < 5; i++ )
    {
        total += grades[i]; // add each grade to the total
    }
    
    average = total / 5; // divide the total by the number of grades (5)
    
    return average; // return the average back to main
}

// option case 8 - print contacts
// create a void function called printContacts that will take the array
// as a parameter and print out the list of contacts that i have
// pre-populated
void printContacts( Contacts pContact )
{

    cout << "Name: " << pContact.firstName << " " << pContact.lastName
         << endl << "Phone: " << pContact.phoneNumber << endl << endl;
         
}