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02 - Install Debian

Overview

PocketNode runs Debian 11 (Bullseye) inside a chroot on Android. This means:

  • Debian runs alongside Android (not replacing it)
  • The phone still works as a phone
  • Both systems share the same kernel
  • No virtualization overhead

Automatic Installation

./scripts/01-install-debian.sh

This script handles everything automatically. If you prefer manual setup, read below.

Manual Installation

Step 1: Get root access via ADB

adb root
sleep 2
adb shell id
# Confirm: uid=0(root)

Step 2: Install Linux Deploy + BusyBox

# Download and install
adb install linuxdeploy-2.6.0-259.apk
adb install busybox-v1_34_1-52.apk

Open BusyBox on the phone → tap "Install".

Step 3: Configure Linux Deploy

# Set installation path
adb shell "sed -i 's|TARGET_PATH=.*|TARGET_PATH=\"/data/local/linux\"|' /data/data/ru.meefik.linuxdeploy/files/config/linux.conf"
adb shell "sed -i 's|CHROOT_DIR=.*|CHROOT_DIR=\"/data/local/linux\"|' /data/data/ru.meefik.linuxdeploy/files/cli.conf"

# Set mirror and suite
adb shell "sed -i 's|SOURCE_PATH=.*|SOURCE_PATH=\"http://deb.debian.org/debian/\"|' /data/data/ru.meefik.linuxdeploy/files/config/linux.conf"
adb shell "sed -i 's|SUITE=.*|SUITE=\"bullseye\"|' /data/data/ru.meefik.linuxdeploy/files/config/linux.conf"

# Disable desktop (server only)
adb shell "sed -i 's|DESKTOP=.*|DESKTOP=\"none\"|' /data/data/ru.meefik.linuxdeploy/files/config/linux.conf"
adb shell "sed -i 's|GRAPHICS=.*|GRAPHICS=\"none\"|' /data/data/ru.meefik.linuxdeploy/files/config/linux.conf"

Step 4: Run the deployment

adb shell "mkdir -p /data/local/linux && \
  export ENV_DIR=/data/data/ru.meefik.linuxdeploy/files && \
  export PATH=\$ENV_DIR/bin:\$PATH && \
  sh \$ENV_DIR/cli.sh deploy"

This downloads and installs Debian. Takes 5-15 minutes.

Step 5: Mount filesystems

adb shell "mount -o bind /proc /data/local/linux/proc"
adb shell "mount -o bind /sys /data/local/linux/sys"
adb shell "mount -o bind /dev /data/local/linux/dev"
adb shell "mount -t devpts devpts /data/local/linux/dev/pts"
adb shell "echo 'nameserver 8.8.8.8' > /data/local/linux/etc/resolv.conf"

Step 6: Create user and setup SSH

adb shell "chroot /data/local/linux /bin/bash -c '
useradd -m -s /bin/bash android
echo android:android | chpasswd
apt-get install -y sudo openssh-server
echo \"android ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL\" > /etc/sudoers.d/android
chmod 440 /etc/sudoers.d/android
mkdir -p /run/sshd && chmod 755 /run/sshd
ssh-keygen -A
/usr/sbin/sshd
'"

Step 7: Verify

# Get phone IP
IP=$(adb shell "ip addr show wlan0 | grep 'inet '" | awk '{print $2}' | cut -d/ -f1)

# Test SSH
ssh android@$IP
# Password: android

Entering the chroot from the phone

Open a terminal app on the phone:

su
chroot /data/local/linux /bin/bash

Troubleshooting

Problem Solution
"debootstrap failed" Check internet: adb shell ping 8.8.8.8
"No space left" Need 4GB+ free on /data
Mirror timeout Try http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/
Permission denied Make sure adb root works

Next Step

→ 03 - Install Services