diff --git a/src/ian/gateways/mcp_server.py b/src/ian/gateways/mcp_server.py
index c20ec9f..025d0e2 100644
--- a/src/ian/gateways/mcp_server.py
+++ b/src/ian/gateways/mcp_server.py
@@ -85,18 +85,19 @@ def check_user_permission(
         return True, role
     return False, role
 
-try:
-    rag.initialize_rag_system()
-    course_catalog.load_course_data_from_url(COURSE_DATA_URL)
-except Exception as e:
-    eprint(f"初始化錯誤: {e}")
+def initialize_dependencies() -> None:
+    """Initialize external data sources when the MCP server starts."""
+    try:
+        rag.initialize_rag_system()
+        course_catalog.load_course_data_from_url(COURSE_DATA_URL)
+    except Exception as e:
+        eprint(f"初始化錯誤: {e}")
 
-# Initialize member database
-try:
-    init_member_db()
-    eprint("社員資料庫已初始化")
-except Exception as e:
-    eprint(f"社員資料庫初始化失敗: {e}")
+    try:
+        init_member_db()
+        eprint("社員資料庫已初始化")
+    except Exception as e:
+        eprint(f"社員資料庫初始化失敗: {e}")
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -564,6 +565,8 @@ async def notify_members(role: str, event_date: str = "", note: str = "", custom
 
 
 def entrypoint(http: bool = False, host: str = "0.0.0.0", port: int = 5191):
+    initialize_dependencies()
+
     if http:
         # Use FastMCP's built-in streamable-http transport (stateless mode)
         # This avoids the SSE session leak in mcp/server/sse.py where
diff --git a/tests/gateways/test_mcp_server.py b/tests/gateways/test_mcp_server.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..911e742
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/gateways/test_mcp_server.py
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2026 NTU AI Club
+#
+# This file is part of Ian, an open-source AI agent framework developed
+# and maintained by NTU AI Club.
+#
+# Ian is licensed under the GNU General Public License, either version 3
+# of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Ian is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+# See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Ian. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+
+import asyncio
+
+import pytest
+
+from ian.gateways import mcp_server
+
+
+def _run(coro):
+    return asyncio.run(coro)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("channel_id", "resolved_role", "expected"),
+    [
+        pytest.param("allowed", "非社員", (True, "非社員"), id="allowed-channel"),
+        pytest.param("", "VIP 社員", (True, "VIP 社員"), id="valid-member"),
+        pytest.param("", "非社員", (False, "非社員"), id="non-member"),
+        pytest.param(
+            "",
+            "非社員（會籍已過期）",
+            (False, "非社員（會籍已過期）"),
+            id="expired-member",
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_check_user_permission_uses_allowed_channels_and_member_role(
+    monkeypatch, channel_id, resolved_role, expected
+):
+    monkeypatch.setattr(mcp_server, "ALLOWED_CHANNELS", {"allowed"})
+    monkeypatch.setattr(mcp_server, "get_member_role", lambda *_: resolved_role)
+
+    assert (
+        mcp_server.check_user_permission("Discord", "account-1", channel_id) == expected
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("member", "name", "email", "expected_parts"),
+    [
+        pytest.param(
+            {"name": "王 小明", "email": "member+test@example.test"},
+            "ignored",
+            "ignored@example.test",
+            (
+                "已為社員「王 小明」",
+                "name=%E7%8E%8B%20%E5%B0%8F%E6%98%8E",
+                "id=member%2Btest%40example.test",
+            ),
+            id="bound-member",
+        ),
+        pytest.param(
+            None,
+            "",
+            "",
+            ("請提供您的「姓名」和「Email」",),
+            id="missing-non-member-info",
+        ),
+        pytest.param(
+            None, "Visitor", "invalid", ("請提供有效的 Email",), id="invalid-email"
+        ),
+        pytest.param(
+            None,
+            "Guest User",
+            "guest+event@example.test",
+            (
+                "已為「Guest User」",
+                "name=Guest%20User",
+                "id=guest%2Bevent%40example.test",
+                "不代表已成功報名",
+            ),
+            id="non-member-link",
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_generate_checkin_code_handles_member_and_guest_flows(
+    monkeypatch, member, name, email, expected_parts
+):
+    monkeypatch.setattr(mcp_server, "lookup_member_by_platform", lambda *_: member)
+
+    result = _run(mcp_server.generate_checkin_code("Discord", "account-1", name, email))
+
+    assert all(part in result for part in expected_parts)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("tool_name", "dependency_name", "args", "error_prefix"),
+    [
+        pytest.param(
+            "bind_email",
+            "_bind_email_to_platform",
+            ("member@example.test", "Discord", "account-1"),
+            "⚠️ 綁定時發生錯誤",
+            id="bind-email",
+        ),
+        pytest.param(
+            "update_subscribe",
+            "_update_subscribe",
+            ("Discord", "account-1", "discord"),
+            "⚠️ 更新訂閱設定時發生錯誤",
+            id="update-subscribe",
+        ),
+        pytest.param(
+            "update_personal_prompt",
+            "_update_personal_prompt",
+            ("Discord", "account-1", "concise"),
+            "⚠️ 更新個性備註時發生錯誤",
+            id="update-personal-prompt",
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_member_tool_wrappers_return_messages_and_handle_exceptions(
+    monkeypatch, tool_name, dependency_name, args, error_prefix
+):
+    tool = getattr(mcp_server, tool_name)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        mcp_server, dependency_name, lambda *_: {"message": "service message"}
+    )
+    assert _run(tool(*args)) == "service message"
+
+    def fail(*_args):
+        raise RuntimeError("service unavailable")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(mcp_server, dependency_name, fail)
+    assert _run(tool(*args)) == f"{error_prefix}：service unavailable"
+
+
+def test_notify_members_rejects_non_staff_before_loading_data(monkeypatch):
+    monkeypatch.setattr(mcp_server.notifications, "is_staff_role", lambda _role: False)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        mcp_server,
+        "_get_upcoming_events",
+        lambda *_: (_ for _ in ()).throw(AssertionError("course data should not load")),
+    )
+
+    result = _run(mcp_server.notify_members("一般社員"))
+
+    assert "此功能僅限幹部使用" in result
+
+
+def _stub_staff(monkeypatch):
+    monkeypatch.setattr(mcp_server.notifications, "is_staff_role", lambda _role: True)
+
+
+def test_notify_members_sends_custom_notification(monkeypatch):
+    _stub_staff(monkeypatch)
+    delivery = {"total_members": 2, "discord_ok": 1, "discord_fail": 1}
+    sent = []
+    logs = []
+    monkeypatch.setattr("ian.services.reminder_runner.load_members", lambda: ["member"])
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        mcp_server.notifications,
+        "send_notification_to_members",
+        lambda message, members: sent.append((message, members)) or delivery,
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        mcp_server.notifications,
+        "send_discord_channel_message",
+        lambda channel, message: logs.append((channel, message)) or True,
+    )
+
+    result = _run(mcp_server.notify_members("部員", custom_message="  Custom alert  "))
+
+    assert sent == [("NTUAI 通知\n\nCustom alert", ["member"])]
+    assert "通知對象: 2" in result
+    assert "Discord: 1 成功, 1 失敗" in result
+    assert len(logs) == 1
+
+
+def test_notify_members_reports_missing_event_without_sending(monkeypatch):
+    _stub_staff(monkeypatch)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(mcp_server, "_find_event_by_date", lambda _date: None)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        mcp_server.notifications,
+        "send_notification_to_members",
+        lambda *_: (_ for _ in ()).throw(
+            AssertionError("notification should not send")
+        ),
+    )
+
+    result = _run(mcp_server.notify_members("部長", event_date="2026/08/01"))
+
+    assert result == "找不到日期為 2026/08/01 的活動，請確認日期格式為 YYYY/MM/DD。"
+
+
+def test_notify_members_sends_formatted_event_notification(monkeypatch):
+    _stub_staff(monkeypatch)
+    event = {"title": "Agent Evaluation", "date": "2026/08/01"}
+    delivery = {"total_members": 3, "discord_ok": 3, "discord_fail": 0}
+    monkeypatch.setattr(mcp_server, "_find_event_by_date", lambda _date: event)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        "ian.services.reminder_runner.load_members", lambda: ["members"]
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        mcp_server.notifications,
+        "format_staff_notification",
+        lambda value, note: f"formatted:{value['title']}:{note}",
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        mcp_server.notifications,
+        "send_notification_to_members",
+        lambda message, members: delivery,
+    )
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        mcp_server.notifications, "send_discord_channel_message", lambda *_: True
+    )
+
+    result = _run(
+        mcp_server.notify_members("社長", event_date=" 2026/08/01 ", note=" reminder ")
+    )
+
+    assert "活動: Agent Evaluation (2026/08/01)" in result
+    assert "Discord: 3 成功, 0 失敗" in result
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("upcoming", "expected_parts"),
+    [
+        pytest.param([], ("目前沒有即將舉辦的活動",), id="no-upcoming-events"),
+        pytest.param(
+            [
+                {
+                    "title": "Agent Evaluation",
+                    "date": "2026/08/01",
+                    "weekday": "六",
+                    "time": "19:00",
+                    "venue": "新生",
+                }
+            ],
+            ("1. Agent Evaluation", "日期: 2026/08/01 六", "時間: 19:00", "地點: 新生"),
+            id="list-upcoming-events",
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_notify_members_lists_upcoming_events(monkeypatch, upcoming, expected_parts):
+    _stub_staff(monkeypatch)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(mcp_server, "_get_upcoming_events", lambda limit: upcoming)
+
+    result = _run(mcp_server.notify_members("部員"))
+
+    assert all(part in result for part in expected_parts)