04.0_DataExploration.Rmd

# Chapter 4: Data Manipulation, Exploration and Summaries {#ch.data}

## Learning Objectives for Chapter

1. Distinguish between population parameters and sampling statistics.
1. List, define and calculate measures of central tendency for data and populations.
1. List, define and calculate measures of dispersion for data and populations.
1. Explain organization of one- and two-way data using subscripts.
1. Make histograms for sample data, explain histogram parts and interpret it.
1. Calculate the 5-number summary and make a box and whisker plot with all elements labeled.
1. Asses the normality of data using the histogram and boxplot.  
1. Calculate the coefficient of variation and describe its weaknesses.
The next one has to be explained more:
1. Describe what a sample average tells you in the context of (1) data description, (2) data estimation, and (3) inference.  

## Data curation

input
output
formatting
variable types
naming variables




## Numerical  and graphical summaries

## Data description vs. Estimation vs. Inference


## Exercises and Solutions

## Homework

## Laboratory Exercises

### Plant Sciences

### Animal Sciences