Reported-Questions/index.html at main · justinsteinmetz/Reported-Questions · GitHub

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Reported Questions — English Hub</title>
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Playfair+Display:ital,wght@0,700;1,400&family=Source+Serif+4:ital,opsz,wght@0,8..60,300;0,8..60,400;1,8..60,300&family=JetBrains+Mono:wght@300;400&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
<style>
  :root {
    --bg: #faf8f4;
    --ink: #1c1612;
    --mid: #5a5040;
    --light: #9a8c78;
    --rule: #d8d0c0;
    --accent: #2a4a6b;
    --accent-pale: #e8eef5;
    --correct: #1e4d2b;
    --correct-pale: #edf5f0;
    --wrong: #7a1f1f;
    --wrong-pale: #fdf0f0;
    --note: #6b4a00;
    --note-pale: #fdf6e3;
    --tag-wh: #2a4a6b;
    --tag-yn: #4a2a6b;
  }

  * { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

  body {
    background: var(--bg);
    color: var(--ink);
    font-family: 'Source Serif 4', Georgia, serif;
    font-weight: 300;
    line-height: 1.75;
    font-size: 16px;
  }

  /* TOP BAR */
  .topbar {
    background: var(--ink);
    color: #c8b89a;
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    font-size: 10px;
    letter-spacing: 3px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    padding: 10px 40px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
  }

  .topbar a {
    color: #c8b89a;
    text-decoration: none;
    opacity: 0.6;
    transition: opacity 0.2s;
  }

  .topbar a:hover { opacity: 1; }

  /* HERO */
  .hero {
    padding: 60px 40px 48px;
    max-width: 860px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  }

  .hero-kicker {
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    font-size: 10px;
    letter-spacing: 4px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--accent);
    margin-bottom: 14px;
  }

  .hero-title {
    font-family: 'Playfair Display', Georgia, serif;
    font-size: 48px;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.1;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    letter-spacing: -0.5px;
  }

  .hero-sub {
    font-size: 17px;
    color: var(--mid);
    max-width: 560px;
    line-height: 1.65;
    font-style: italic;
  }

  /* LAYOUT */
  .content {
    max-width: 860px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 40px 80px;
  }

  /* SECTIONS */
  .section {
    padding: 44px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  }

  .section:last-child { border-bottom: none; }

  .section-number {
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    font-size: 10px;
    letter-spacing: 3px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--light);
    margin-bottom: 6px;
  }

  .section-title {
    font-family: 'Playfair Display', Georgia, serif;
    font-size: 28px;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    line-height: 1.2;
  }

  /* PROSE */
  p {
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    color: var(--ink);
  }

  /* COMPARISON TABLE */
  .compare-block {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 0;
    border: 1px solid var(--rule);
    margin: 24px 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    border-radius: 2px;
  }

  .compare-col {
    padding: 20px 24px;
  }

  .compare-col:first-child {
    border-right: 1px solid var(--rule);
    background: rgba(0,0,0,0.02);
  }

  .compare-header {
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    font-size: 9px;
    letter-spacing: 3px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    margin-bottom: 14px;
    padding-bottom: 8px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  }

  .compare-col:first-child .compare-header { color: var(--wrong); }
  .compare-col:last-child .compare-header { color: var(--correct); }

  .compare-example {
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    font-size: 13px;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: var(--mid);
    margin-bottom: 8px;
  }

  .compare-example .label {
    font-size: 9px;
    letter-spacing: 2px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--light);
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 2px;
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
  }

  .compare-example .form {
    color: var(--ink);
    font-size: 14px;
  }

  /* RULE CARDS */
  .rule-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 16px;
    margin: 24px 0;
  }

  @media (max-width: 600px) {
    .rule-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .compare-block { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .hero-title { font-size: 34px; }
  }

  .rule-card {
    border: 1px solid var(--rule);
    padding: 20px 22px;
    position: relative;
  }

  .rule-card::before {
    content: attr(data-num);
    position: absolute;
    top: -1px; right: 16px;
    font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
    font-size: 60px;
    color: rgba(0,0,0,0.04);
    line-height: 1;
    font-weight: 700;
  }

  .rule-card-title {
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    font-size: 10px;
    letter-spacing: 3px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--accent);
    margin-bottom: 10px;
  }

  .rule-card-body {
    font-size: 14px;
    color: var(--mid);
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
  }

  .rule-card-example {
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    font-size: 12px;
    background: var(--accent-pale);
    padding: 8px 12px;
    color: var(--accent);
    line-height: 1.6;
    border-left: 2px solid var(--accent);
  }

  /* TENSE TABLE */
  .tense-table {
    width: 100%;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    margin: 24px 0;
    font-size: 14px;
  }

  .tense-table th {
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    font-size: 9px;
    letter-spacing: 3px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--light);
    padding: 10px 16px;
    text-align: left;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink);
    font-weight: 400;
  }

  .tense-table td {
    padding: 11px 16px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
    vertical-align: top;
  }

  .tense-table tr:last-child td { border-bottom: none; }

  .tense-table .direct-col {
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    font-size: 12px;
    color: var(--mid);
  }

  .tense-table .reported-col {
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    font-size: 12px;
    color: var(--accent);
  }

  .tense-table .shift-col {
    font-size: 13px;
    color: var(--ink);
    font-weight: 400;
  }

  .arrow { color: var(--light); font-size: 11px; padding: 0 8px; }

  /* TYPE TAG */
  .type-tag {
    display: inline-block;
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    font-size: 9px;
    letter-spacing: 2px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    padding: 2px 7px;
    border-radius: 2px;
    margin-left: 8px;
    vertical-align: middle;
  }

  .tag-wh { background: #e8eef5; color: var(--tag-wh); }
  .tag-yn { background: #f0e8f5; color: var(--tag-yn); }

  /* NOTE BOX */
  .note-box {
    background: var(--note-pale);
    border-left: 3px solid var(--note);
    padding: 16px 20px;
    margin: 20px 0;
    font-size: 14px;
    color: var(--note);
    line-height: 1.65;
  }

  .note-box strong {
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    font-size: 10px;
    letter-spacing: 2px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 6px;
  }

  /* ===== EXERCISES ===== */
  .exercise-block {
    background: white;
    border: 1px solid var(--rule);
    padding: 28px 30px;
    margin: 28px 0;
  }

  .ex-header {
    display: flex;
    align-items: baseline;
    gap: 12px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    padding-bottom: 14px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  }

  .ex-num {
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    font-size: 9px;
    letter-spacing: 3px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--light);
  }

  .ex-title {
    font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
    font-size: 17px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--ink);
  }

  .ex-instruction {
    font-size: 14px;
    color: var(--mid);
    margin-bottom: 18px;
    font-style: italic;
  }

  /* MCQ */
  .mcq-item {
    margin-bottom: 22px;
    padding-bottom: 22px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  }

  .mcq-item:last-child { border-bottom: none; margin-bottom: 0; padding-bottom: 0; }

  .mcq-prompt {
    font-size: 15px;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    color: var(--ink);
  }

  .mcq-prompt .quoted {
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    font-size: 13px;
    color: var(--mid);
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 4px;
  }

  .mcq-options {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 7px;
  }

  .mcq-option {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 14px;
    padding: 8px 12px;
    border: 1px solid transparent;
    transition: all 0.2s;
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    color: var(--mid);
    border-radius: 2px;
  }

  .mcq-option:hover { background: var(--accent-pale); border-color: var(--rule); }
  .mcq-option.selected-correct { background: var(--correct-pale); border-color: var(--correct); color: var(--correct); }
  .mcq-option.selected-wrong { background: var(--wrong-pale); border-color: var(--wrong); color: var(--wrong); }
  .mcq-option.revealed-correct { background: var(--correct-pale); border-color: var(--correct); color: var(--correct); opacity: 0.7; }
  .mcq-option input[type="radio"] { display: none; }

  .mcq-feedback {
    margin-top: 8px;
    font-size: 12px;
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    min-height: 18px;
    color: var(--light);
  }

  /* TRANSFORMATION EXERCISE */
  .transform-item {
    margin-bottom: 24px;
  }

  .transform-direct {
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    font-size: 13px;
    color: var(--mid);
    margin-bottom: 4px;
  }

  .transform-direct .qs {
    color: var(--ink);
  }

  .transform-stem {
    font-size: 14px;
    margin-bottom: 6px;
    color: var(--ink);
  }

  .transform-stem em {
    font-style: normal;
    color: var(--light);
  }

  .transform-input {
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    font-size: 13px;
    border: none;
    border-bottom: 1.5px solid var(--rule);
    background: transparent;
    color: var(--ink);
    outline: none;
    padding: 4px 0;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 460px;
    transition: border-color 0.2s;
  }

  .transform-input:focus { border-bottom-color: var(--accent); }
  .transform-input.correct { border-bottom-color: var(--correct); color: var(--correct); }
  .transform-input.wrong { border-bottom-color: var(--wrong); }

  .transform-feedback {
    font-size: 12px;
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    margin-top: 5px;
    min-height: 16px;
    color: var(--light);
  }

  .transform-feedback.correct { color: var(--correct); }
  .transform-feedback.wrong { color: var(--wrong); }

  .check-btn {
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    font-size: 10px;
    letter-spacing: 2px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    background: var(--ink);
    color: white;
    border: none;
    padding: 9px 20px;
    cursor: pointer;
    margin-top: 16px;
    transition: background 0.2s;
  }

  .mcq-options.locked {
    pointer-events: none;
  }

  .mcq-options.locked .mcq-option {
    cursor: default;
  }

  .mcq-options.locked .mcq-option:not(.selected-correct):not(.selected-wrong):not(.revealed-correct) {
    opacity: 0.45;
  }

  .reset-btn {
    background: transparent;
    color: var(--mid);
    border: 1px solid var(--rule);
    margin-left: 10px;
  }

  .reset-btn:hover {
    background: var(--accent-pale);
    border-color: var(--accent);
    color: var(--accent);
  }

  .ex-score {
    margin-top: 16px;
    padding-top: 14px;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
    font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
    font-size: 11px;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
    color: var(--light);
    display: none;
  }

  .ex-score.visible { display: block; }

  /* SUMMARY BOX */
  .summary-box {
    background: var(--ink);
    color: #e8dcc8;
    padding: 32px 36px;
    margin: 40px 0 0;
  }

  .summary-title {
    font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
    font-size: 20px;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 18px;
    color: white;
  }

  .summary-rule {
    display: flex;
    gap: 16px;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
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</head>
<body>

<div class="topbar">
  <span>DSP English Hub</span>
  <span>Grammar · Reported Speech</span>
  <a href="#">← Back to Hub</a>
</div>

<div class="hero">
  <div class="hero-kicker">Grammar Reference + Practice</div>
  <h1 class="hero-title">Reported Questions</h1>
  <p class="hero-sub">When you report what someone asked, the structure changes. Two rules govern everything: word order and tense.</p>
</div>

<div class="content">

  <!-- SECTION 1: WHAT CHANGES -->
  <div class="section">
    <div class="section-number">01 — The Core Problem</div>
    <h2 class="section-title">Why questions change when reported</h2>

    <p>When you ask a question directly, English uses inverted word order and auxiliary verbs: <em>"Where do you live?"</em> When you report that question, both of those things disappear. The reported version looks and sounds like a statement, not a question.</p>

    <p>Two things always change. Sometimes a third does too.</p>

    <div class="rule-grid">
      <div class="rule-card" data-num="1">
        <div class="rule-card-title">Rule 1 — Word order</div>
        <div class="rule-card-body">No inversion. No auxiliary verb. The word order becomes subject + verb, like in a statement.</div>
        <div class="rule-card-example">"Where does she live?"<br>→ He asked where she <strong>lived</strong><br>(not: where <s>did she live</s>)</div>
      </div>
      <div class="rule-card" data-num="2">
        <div class="rule-card-title">Rule 2 — Tense shift</div>
        <div class="rule-card-body">The verb moves one step back in time. Present becomes past; past becomes past perfect.</div>
        <div class="rule-card-example">"Are you ready?"<br>→ She asked if I <strong>was</strong> ready<br>(not: if I <s>am</s> ready)</div>
      </div>
      <div class="rule-card" data-num="3">
        <div class="rule-card-title">Rule 3 — Yes/No connector</div>
        <div class="rule-card-body">Yes/no questions need <strong>if</strong> or <strong>whether</strong> to link the reported question to the verb.</div>
        <div class="rule-card-example">"Have you met him?"<br>→ She asked <strong>if</strong> I had met him<br>→ She asked <strong>whether</strong> I had met him</div>
      </div>
      <div class="rule-card" data-num="4">
        <div class="rule-card-title">No question mark</div>
        <div class="rule-card-body">A reported question is a statement. It ends with a full stop, not a question mark.</div>
        <div class="rule-card-example">
          ✗ She asked where I was going?<br>
          ✓ She asked where I was going.
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

  <!-- SECTION 2: TENSE SHIFTS -->
  <div class="section">
    <div class="section-number">02 — Tense Reference</div>
    <h2 class="section-title">How tenses shift</h2>

    <p>The verb in the original question shifts one step into the past when reported. Here are all the shifts you need:</p>

    <table class="tense-table">
      <thead>
        <tr>
          <th>Direct question uses</th>
          <th></th>
          <th>Reported question uses</th>
          <th>Example</th>
        </tr>
      </thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr>
          <td class="shift-col">present simple<br><em>is / are / do / does</em></td>
          <td class="arrow">→</td>
          <td class="shift-col">past simple<br><em>was / were / did</em></td>
          <td class="reported-col">"Are you ready?" → she asked if I <strong>was</strong> ready</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td class="shift-col">present continuous<br><em>is/are + -ing</em></td>
          <td class="arrow">→</td>
          <td class="shift-col">past continuous<br><em>was/were + -ing</em></td>
          <td class="reported-col">"What are you doing?" → she asked what I <strong>was doing</strong></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td class="shift-col">past simple<br><em>did / went / said</em></td>
          <td class="arrow">→</td>
          <td class="shift-col">past perfect<br><em>had + past participle</em></td>
          <td class="reported-col">"Where did you go?" → she asked where I <strong>had gone</strong></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td class="shift-col">present perfect<br><em>have/has + pp</em></td>
          <td class="arrow">→</td>
          <td class="shift-col">past perfect<br><em>had + past participle</em></td>
          <td class="reported-col">"Have you eaten?" → she asked if I <strong>had eaten</strong></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td class="shift-col">will</td>
          <td class="arrow">→</td>
          <td class="shift-col">would</td>
          <td class="reported-col">"Will you help?" → she asked if I <strong>would</strong> help</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td class="shift-col">can</td>
          <td class="arrow">→</td>
          <td class="shift-col">could</td>
          <td class="reported-col">"Can you swim?" → she asked if I <strong>could</strong> swim</td>
        </tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>

    <div class="note-box">
      <strong>Note</strong>
      Could, would, should, might, and ought to do not change — they are already past in form.
    </div>
  </div>

  <!-- SECTION 3: TWO TYPES -->
  <div class="section">
    <div class="section-number">03 — Two Types</div>
    <h2 class="section-title">wh-questions vs yes/no questions</h2>

    <p>The two types of direct question are reported differently. The difference is in how you connect the reported clause.</p>

    <div class="compare-block">
      <div class="compare-col">
        <div class="compare-header">wh-questions — use the wh-word</div>
        <div class="compare-example">
          <span class="label">Direct</span>
          <span class="form">"Where do you live?"</span>
        </div>
        <div class="compare-example">
          <span class="label">Reported</span>
          <span class="form">He asked <strong>where</strong> I lived.</span>
        </div>
        <div class="compare-example" style="margin-top:12px">
          <span class="label">Direct</span>
          <span class="form">"Why did she leave?"</span>
        </div>
        <div class="compare-example">
          <span class="label">Reported</span>
          <span class="form">He asked <strong>why</strong> she had left.</span>
        </div>
        <div class="compare-example" style="margin-top:12px">
          <span class="label">Direct</span>
          <span class="form">"What time will you arrive?"</span>
        </div>
        <div class="compare-example">
          <span class="label">Reported</span>
          <span class="form">He asked <strong>what time</strong> I would arrive.</span>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="compare-col">
        <div class="compare-header">yes/no questions — use if or whether</div>
        <div class="compare-example">
          <span class="label">Direct</span>
          <span class="form">"Are you coming?"</span>
        </div>
        <div class="compare-example">
          <span class="label">Reported</span>
          <span class="form">She asked <strong>if</strong> I was coming.</span>
        </div>
        <div class="compare-example" style="margin-top:12px">
          <span class="label">Direct</span>
          <span class="form">"Have you seen him?"</span>
        </div>
        <div class="compare-example">
          <span class="label">Reported</span>
          <span class="form">She asked <strong>whether</strong> I had seen him.</span>
        </div>
        <div class="compare-example" style="margin-top:12px">
          <span class="label">Direct</span>
          <span class="form">"Did you eat breakfast?"</span>
        </div>
        <div class="compare-example">
          <span class="label">Reported</span>
          <span class="form">She asked <strong>if</strong> I had eaten breakfast.</span>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

    <div class="note-box">
      <strong>if vs whether</strong>
      Both are correct for yes/no questions. <em>Whether</em> is slightly more formal and is often preferred in writing.
    </div>
  </div>

  <!-- EXERCISE 1: MCQ -->
  <div class="section">
    <div class="section-number">04 — Practice</div>
    <h2 class="section-title">Exercises</h2>

    <div class="exercise-block">
      <div class="ex-header">
        <span class="ex-num">Exercise A</span>
        <span class="ex-title">Choose the correct reported form</span>
      </div>
      <p class="ex-instruction">Select the correctly reported version of each direct question.</p>

      <!-- Q1 -->
      <div class="mcq-item" data-correct="b">
        <div class="mcq-prompt">
          <span class="quoted">"Where does your family live?"</span>
          She asked me ___________
        </div>
        <div class="mcq-options">
          <label class="mcq-option" onclick="selectOption(this, 'a', 'mcq1')">
            <input type="radio" name="mcq1" value="a">
            a) where does my family live
          </label>
          <label class="mcq-option" onclick="selectOption(this, 'b', 'mcq1')">
            <input type="radio" name="mcq1" value="b">
            b) where my family lived
          </label>
          <label class="mcq-option" onclick="selectOption(this, 'c', 'mcq1')">
            <input type="radio" name="mcq1" value="c">
            c) where did my family live
          </label>
        </div>
        <div class="mcq-feedback" id="mcq1-fb"></div>
      </div>

      <!-- Q2 -->
      <div class="mcq-item" data-correct="c">
        <div class="mcq-prompt">
          <span class="quoted">"Have you ever been to New York?"</span>
          He wanted to know ___________
        </div>
        <div class="mcq-options">
          <label class="mcq-option" onclick="selectOption(this, 'a', 'mcq2')">
            <input type="radio" name="mcq2" value="a">
            a) have I ever been to New York
          </label>
          <label class="mcq-option" onclick="selectOption(this, 'b', 'mcq2')">
            <input type="radio" name="mcq2" value="b">
            b) if I have ever been to New York
          </label>
          <label class="mcq-option" onclick="selectOption(this, 'c', 'mcq2')">
            <input type="radio" name="mcq2" value="c">
            c) if I had ever been to New York
          </label>
        </div>
        <div class="mcq-feedback" id="mcq2-fb"></div>
      </div>

      <!-- Q3 -->
      <div class="mcq-item" data-correct="a">
        <div class="mcq-prompt">
          <span class="quoted">"Why did you change your answer?"</span>
          The teacher asked me ___________
        </div>
        <div class="mcq-options">
          <label class="mcq-option" onclick="selectOption(this, 'a', 'mcq3')">
            <input type="radio" name="mcq3" value="a">
            a) why I had changed my answer
          </label>
          <label class="mcq-option" onclick="selectOption(this, 'b', 'mcq3')">
            <input type="radio" name="mcq3" value="b">
            b) why did I change my answer
          </label>
          <label class="mcq-option" onclick="selectOption(this, 'c', 'mcq3')">
            <input type="radio" name="mcq3" value="c">
            c) why I change my answer
          </label>
        </div>
        <div class="mcq-feedback" id="mcq3-fb"></div>
      </div>

      <!-- Q4 -->
      <div class="mcq-item" data-correct="b">
        <div class="mcq-prompt">
          <span class="quoted">"Will you come to the party?"</span>
          She asked me ___________
        </div>
        <div class="mcq-options">
          <label class="mcq-option" onclick="selectOption(this, 'a', 'mcq4')">
            <input type="radio" name="mcq4" value="a">
            a) if I will come to the party
          </label>
          <label class="mcq-option" onclick="selectOption(this, 'b', 'mcq4')">
            <input type="radio" name="mcq4" value="b">
            b) if I would come to the party
          </label>
          <label class="mcq-option" onclick="selectOption(this, 'c', 'mcq4')">
            <input type="radio" name="mcq4" value="c">
            c) whether would I come to the party
          </label>
        </div>
        <div class="mcq-feedback" id="mcq4-fb"></div>
      </div>

    </div>

    <!-- EXERCISE B: TRANSFORMATION -->
    <div class="exercise-block">
      <div class="ex-header">
        <span class="ex-num">Exercise B</span>
        <span class="ex-title">Transform the questions</span>
      </div>
      <p class="ex-instruction">Report each direct question. Complete the sentence. Press Check when you've finished all five.</p>

      <div class="transform-item" id="t1">
        <div class="transform-direct">Direct: <span class="qs">"What are you reading?"</span></div>
        <div class="transform-stem">He asked me what <em>___________</em></div>
        <input class="transform-input" id="t1-input" placeholder="type your answer here" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false">
        <div class="transform-feedback" id="t1-fb"></div>
      </div>

      <div class="transform-item" id="t2">
        <div class="transform-direct">Direct: <span class="qs">"Did you finish the homework?"</span></div>
        <div class="transform-stem">She asked me if <em>___________</em></div>
        <input class="transform-input" id="t2-input" placeholder="type your answer here" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false">
        <div class="transform-feedback" id="t2-fb"></div>
      </div>

      <div class="transform-item" id="t3">
        <div class="transform-direct">Direct: <span class="qs">"How long have you been waiting?"</span></div>
        <div class="transform-stem">He wanted to know how long <em>___________</em></div>
        <input class="transform-input" id="t3-input" placeholder="type your answer here" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false">
        <div class="transform-feedback" id="t3-fb"></div>
      </div>

      <div class="transform-item" id="t4">
        <div class="transform-direct">Direct: <span class="qs">"Can you speak German?"</span></div>
        <div class="transform-stem">She asked me whether <em>___________</em></div>
        <input class="transform-input" id="t4-input" placeholder="type your answer here" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false">
        <div class="transform-feedback" id="t4-fb"></div>
      </div>

      <div class="transform-item" id="t5">
        <div class="transform-direct">Direct: <span class="qs">"Where will you be tomorrow?"</span></div>
        <div class="transform-stem">He asked me where <em>___________</em></div>
        <input class="transform-input" id="t5-input" placeholder="type your answer here" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false">
        <div class="transform-feedback" id="t5-fb"></div>
      </div>

      <button class="check-btn" onclick="checkTransformations()">Check answers</button>
      <button class="check-btn reset-btn" onclick="resetTransformations()">Reset</button>
      <div class="ex-score" id="transform-score"></div>
    </div>

  </div>

  <!-- SUMMARY -->
  <div class="summary-box">
    <div class="summary-title">Quick Reference</div>
    <div class="summary-rule">
      <span class="summary-bullet">—</span>
      <span>Reported questions use <strong>statement word order</strong> — no inversion, no auxiliary: <code>she asked where I lived</code></span>
    </div>
    <div class="summary-rule">
      <span class="summary-bullet">—</span>
      <span>The verb shifts <strong>one tense back</strong>: present → past, past → past perfect, will → would, can → could</span>
    </div>
    <div class="summary-rule">
      <span class="summary-bullet">—</span>
      <span>Yes/no questions need <strong>if</strong> or <strong>whether</strong>: <code>she asked if I had eaten</code></span>
    </div>
    <div class="summary-rule">
      <span class="summary-bullet">—</span>
      <span>Reported questions end with a <strong>full stop</strong>, not a question mark</span>
    </div>
  </div>

</div>

<script>
// MCQ LOGIC
const mcqFeedback = {
  mcq1: { b: '✓ Correct — statement word order, tense shifted to past.', a: '✗ Inversion error: reported questions use statement order.', c: '✗ Inversion error: remove the auxiliary "did".' },
  mcq2: { c: '✓ Correct — yes/no question uses "if", present perfect shifts to past perfect.', a: '✗ Missing "if/whether", tense not shifted, and inversion error — three problems at once.', b: '✗ Tense error: "have been" → "had been" in reported speech.' },
  mcq3: { a: '✓ Correct — past simple shifts to past perfect: changed → had changed.', b: '✗ Inversion error: remove "did". Reported questions use statement word order.', c: '✗ Tense error: present simple must shift back — "change" → "had changed".' },
  mcq4: { b: '✓ Correct — "will" → "would", yes/no question uses "if".', a: '✗ Tense error: "will" must shift to "would".', c: '✗ Inversion error after "whether".' }
};

function selectOption(el, val, group) {
  const item = el.closest('.mcq-item');

  // Lock after first answer
  if (item.dataset.answered) return;
  item.dataset.answered = 'true';
  item.querySelector('.mcq-options').classList.add('locked');

  const correct = item.dataset.correct;
  const fb = document.getElementById(group + '-fb');

  if (val === correct) {
    el.classList.add('selected-correct');
    fb.textContent = mcqFeedback[group][val];
    fb.style.color = 'var(--correct)';
  } else {
    el.classList.add('selected-wrong');
    fb.textContent = mcqFeedback[group][val];
    fb.style.color = 'var(--wrong)';
    setTimeout(() => {
      item.querySelectorAll('.mcq-option').forEach(o => {
        const oVal = o.querySelector('input').value;
        if (oVal === correct) o.classList.add('revealed-correct');
      });
    }, 1000);
  }
}

// TRANSFORMATION LOGIC
const transformAnswers = {
  't1': ['i was reading', 'i was reading.'],
  't2': ['i had finished the homework', 'i had finished the homework.', 'i had finished it', 'i had done the homework', 'i had done the homework.'],
  't3': ['i had been waiting', 'i had been waiting.'],
  't4': ['i could speak german', 'i could speak german.'],
  't5': ['i would be the next day', 'i would be the following day', 'i would be tomorrow', 'i would be tomorrow.', 'i would be the next day.'],
};

const transformCorrectText = {
  't1': '✓ I was reading — present continuous → past continuous',
  't2': '✓ I had finished the homework — past simple → past perfect',
  't3': '✓ I had been waiting — present perfect continuous → past perfect continuous',
  't4': '✓ I could speak German — can → could',
  't5': '✓ I would be the next day — will → would'
};

function norm(s) {
  return s.toLowerCase().trim().replace(/[.,!?]$/, '').replace(/\s+/g, ' ');
}

function checkTransformations() {
  let correct = 0;
  const ids = ['t1', 't2', 't3', 't4', 't5'];

  ids.forEach(id => {