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grep -i: case insensitive

cmd-doesnt-respect-difference-between-stdout-and-stderr |& grep -i SomeError

|& 相当于 2>&1 |,使 stderr 也重定向到 stdout 而不向终端输出。 参见 pipeline 原理

如何提取出待匹配字符周围的字符

grep -o, --only-matching show only nonempty parts of lines that match
grep -P, --perl-regexp PATTERNS are Perl regular expressions
-grep E --extended-regexp Interpret PATTERNS as Perl-compatible regular expressions (PCREs).
grep 的 -o 选项可以只显示匹配的 pattern,而 pattern 又是一个正则表达式,所以我们只需在待匹配字符的前后加上若干数量的通配符即可。比如我想显示 “write” 周围前后 10 个字符(如果存在的话),那 pattern 应写作 "grep -o .\{0,10\}write.\{0,10\}" grep -o -P".{0,10}write.{0,10}"

开后台进程的方法

  1. removing the job from the job table or telling the shell to not send SIGHUP on session end (by using disown in either case)
  2. telling the child process to ignore SIGHUP (by using nohup)

工具

如何爬取整个网站