Upgrade `k8s.io/*` Dependencies to v0.36.x

[afritzler]

Summary

Upgrade all k8s.io/* dependencies from v0.35.x to v0.36.x, along with the corresponding controller-runtime bump from v0.23.x to v0.24.x.

Motivation

• Stay current with upstream Kubernetes library releases (aligns with Kubernetes v1.36).
• Pick up bug fixes, performance improvements, and API enhancements.
• Reduce the risk of accumulating breaking changes across multiple release boundaries.
• Ensure compatibility with Go 1.26 (used by this project) — k8s.io v0.36.x is the first release line with official Go 1.26 support.

References

• Kubernetes v1.36 changelog
• controller-runtime v0.24.0 release notes
• Prior upgrade PR: v0.35.3

[coderabbitai]

🔗 Related PRs

#1438 - Bump buf, protoc-gen-go and protoc-gen-go-grpc [merged]
#1466 - Enhance importas rules [closed]
#1482 - Bump github.com/ironcore-dev/controller-utils to v0.12.0 [closed]

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