diff --git a/internal/e2e/e2e_semantic_plan_test.go b/internal/e2e/e2e_semantic_plan_test.go
index f9ff8d4..77713f0 100644
--- a/internal/e2e/e2e_semantic_plan_test.go
+++ b/internal/e2e/e2e_semantic_plan_test.go
@@ -76,7 +76,6 @@ func (s *E2ESuite) TestSemanticPlanPrerequisites() {
 	assert.Equal(t, semantic.OriginHelm, p.Changes[1].Origin.Kind)
 	assert.Equal(t, "ConfigMap", p.Changes[1].Resource.Kind)
 	assert.Equal(t, semantic.Create, p.Changes[1].Action)
-	assert.Equal(t, semantic.CompletenessPartial, p.Completeness)
 	require.NotEmpty(t, p.Diagnostics)
 
 	cs, _ := s.kubeClients(t)
diff --git a/internal/plan/prediction.go b/internal/plan/prediction.go
index 04ca124..a8dd007 100644
--- a/internal/plan/prediction.go
+++ b/internal/plan/prediction.go
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import (
 
 // semanticPlanFromResults maps [predict.Result] values onto a semantic
 // [semantic.Plan]. It does not mutate results or the unstructured objects
-// they hold. Current predictor actions never produce [semantic.Replace].
+// they hold.
 //
 // Write FieldManager values come from [kube.ManagedFieldsManager]. This
 // helper always emits [semantic.WriteServerSide] writes. [semantic.New]
diff --git a/internal/plan/prediction_test.go b/internal/plan/prediction_test.go
index 71b430a..c05f5fa 100644
--- a/internal/plan/prediction_test.go
+++ b/internal/plan/prediction_test.go
@@ -63,12 +63,10 @@ func TestSemanticPlanFromResults_ActionMapping(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Len(t, p.Changes, 3)
 	assert.NotNil(t, p.Tasks)
 	assert.Empty(t, p.Tasks)
-	assert.Equal(t, semantic.CompletenessComplete, p.Completeness)
 
 	byName := map[string]semantic.ResourceChange{}
 	for _, c := range p.Changes {
 		byName[c.Resource.Name] = c
-		assert.NotEqual(t, semantic.Replace, c.Action)
 	}
 	require.Contains(t, byName, "app")
 	assert.Equal(t, semantic.Create, byName["app"].Action)
@@ -109,7 +107,6 @@ func TestSemanticPlanFromResults_NoOpOmitted(t *testing.T) {
 	}})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Empty(t, p.Changes)
-	assert.Equal(t, semantic.CompletenessComplete, p.Completeness)
 }
 
 func TestSemanticPlanFromResults_LimitationKeepsPredicted(t *testing.T) {
@@ -126,7 +123,6 @@ func TestSemanticPlanFromResults_LimitationKeepsPredicted(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, semantic.Update, p.Changes[0].Action)
 	require.NotNil(t, p.Changes[0].After)
 	assert.Equal(t, "new", predictionObjectString(t, p.Changes[0].After.Object, "data", "key"))
-	assert.Equal(t, semantic.CompletenessPartial, p.Completeness)
 	require.Len(t, p.Diagnostics, 1)
 	assert.Equal(t, semantic.CategoryPredictionLimitation, p.Diagnostics[0].Category)
 	assert.Contains(t, p.Diagnostics[0].Message, predict.LimitationManagedFieldsMigration)
@@ -144,7 +140,8 @@ func TestSemanticPlanFromResults_LimitationDoesNotFabricateAfter(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Len(t, p.Changes, 1)
 	assert.Nil(t, p.Changes[0].After)
 	assert.Empty(t, p.Changes[0].Fields)
-	assert.Equal(t, semantic.CompletenessPartial, p.Completeness)
+	require.Len(t, p.Diagnostics, 1)
+	assert.Equal(t, semantic.CategoryPredictionLimitation, p.Diagnostics[0].Category)
 }
 
 func TestSemanticPlanFromResults_UnknownAction(t *testing.T) {
@@ -255,7 +252,6 @@ func TestSemanticPlanFromResults_NoOpWithLimitation(t *testing.T) {
 	}})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Empty(t, p.Changes)
-	assert.Equal(t, semantic.CompletenessPartial, p.Completeness)
 	require.Len(t, p.Diagnostics, 1)
 	assert.Equal(t, semantic.CategoryPredictionLimitation, p.Diagnostics[0].Category)
 	assert.Contains(t, p.Diagnostics[0].Message, predict.LimitationManagedFieldsMigration)
@@ -296,20 +292,6 @@ func TestSemanticPlanFromResults_NilObjectSnapshot(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Nil(t, p.Changes[0].After.Object)
 }
 
-func TestSemanticPlanFromResults_NeverEmitsReplace(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-	p, err := semanticPlanFromResults(semantic.Header{Release: "web", Namespace: "prod"}, []predict.Result{
-		{Identity: predictionIdentity("a"), Action: predict.ActionCreate, Predicted: predictionConfigMap("a", "prod", "1")},
-		{Identity: predictionIdentity("b"), Action: predict.ActionUpdate, Live: predictionConfigMap("b", "prod", "1"), Predicted: predictionConfigMap("b", "prod", "2")},
-		{Identity: predictionIdentity("c"), Action: predict.ActionDelete, Live: predictionConfigMap("c", "prod", "1")},
-		{Identity: predictionIdentity("d"), Action: predict.ActionNoOp, Live: predictionConfigMap("d", "prod", "1"), Predicted: predictionConfigMap("d", "prod", "1")},
-	})
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	for _, c := range p.Changes {
-		assert.NotEqual(t, semantic.Replace, c.Action)
-	}
-}
-
 func predictionObjectString(tb testing.TB, obj map[string]any, keys ...string) string {
 	tb.Helper()
 	var cur any = obj
diff --git a/internal/plan/semantic/change.go b/internal/plan/semantic/change.go
index 5a85c0a..f15b6a3 100644
--- a/internal/plan/semantic/change.go
+++ b/internal/plan/semantic/change.go
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@
 
 package semantic
 
-// ResourceChange is one Live -> Predicted Kubernetes resource mutation.
+// ResourceChange describes a visible Kubernetes resource consequence
+// of this invocation.
 type ResourceChange struct {
 	Resource ResourceRef
 	Origin   ResourceOrigin
diff --git a/internal/plan/semantic/doc.go b/internal/plan/semantic/doc.go
index 3d8d4d4..35e62ee 100644
--- a/internal/plan/semantic/doc.go
+++ b/internal/plan/semantic/doc.go
@@ -12,8 +12,7 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-// Package semantic is Deployah's unredacted domain model for a Live ->
-// Predicted plan.
+// Package semantic is Deployah's unredacted semantic plan model.
 //
 // This package is not the deployah plan command and is not a JSON API.
 // Snapshots and field values stay complete. Serialization and secret
diff --git a/internal/plan/semantic/helpers_test.go b/internal/plan/semantic/helpers_test.go
index b0b69a5..25aaf9c 100644
--- a/internal/plan/semantic/helpers_test.go
+++ b/internal/plan/semantic/helpers_test.go
@@ -165,14 +165,3 @@ func deleteChange(name, value string) semantic.ResourceChange {
 		Apply:    deleteApply(),
 	}
 }
-
-func replaceChange(name, before, after string) semantic.ResourceChange {
-	return semantic.ResourceChange{
-		Resource: ref("ConfigMap", name),
-		Origin:   helmOrigin(),
-		Action:   semantic.Replace,
-		Before:   &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm(name, before)},
-		After:    &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm(name, after)},
-		Apply:    bothApply(),
-	}
-}
diff --git a/internal/plan/semantic/order_test.go b/internal/plan/semantic/order_test.go
index ee81534..4cf87b7 100644
--- a/internal/plan/semantic/order_test.go
+++ b/internal/plan/semantic/order_test.go
@@ -112,14 +112,6 @@ func TestNew_ActionRank(t *testing.T) {
 			Before:   &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v1")},
 			Apply:    deleteApply(),
 		},
-		{
-			Resource: res,
-			Origin:   helmOrigin(),
-			Action:   semantic.Replace,
-			Before:   &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v1")},
-			After:    &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v2")},
-			Apply:    bothApply(),
-		},
 		{
 			Resource: res,
 			Origin:   helmOrigin(),
@@ -137,11 +129,11 @@ func TestNew_ActionRank(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}, nil, nil)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Len(t, p.Changes, 4)
+	require.Len(t, p.Changes, 3)
 	assert.Equal(t, []semantic.Action{
-		semantic.Create, semantic.Update, semantic.Replace, semantic.Delete,
+		semantic.Create, semantic.Update, semantic.Delete,
 	}, []semantic.Action{
-		p.Changes[0].Action, p.Changes[1].Action, p.Changes[2].Action, p.Changes[3].Action,
+		p.Changes[0].Action, p.Changes[1].Action, p.Changes[2].Action,
 	})
 }
 
diff --git a/internal/plan/semantic/plan.go b/internal/plan/semantic/plan.go
index 8e2e8da..4ebbe38 100644
--- a/internal/plan/semantic/plan.go
+++ b/internal/plan/semantic/plan.go
@@ -19,27 +19,27 @@ import (
 	"slices"
 )
 
-// Plan is the Live -> Predicted semantic result. Construct it with [New].
-// Chart CRDs are attached with [AttachChartCRDs]; [New] leaves them empty.
-// Snapshots and field values are unredacted. This type is not a JSON
-// rendering contract.
+// Plan is the semantic plan for one invocation: Deployah's intended
+// operations and their visible resource consequences. Construct it with
+// [New]. Chart CRDs are attached with [AttachChartCRDs]; [New] leaves
+// them empty. Snapshots and field values are unredacted. This type is
+// not a JSON rendering contract.
 type Plan struct {
-	Header       Header
-	HelmAction   HelmAction
-	Changes      []ResourceChange
-	Tasks        []TaskPlan
-	ChartCRDs    []ChartCRD
-	Diagnostics  []Diagnostic
-	Summary      Summary
-	Completeness Completeness
+	Header      Header
+	HelmAction  HelmAction
+	Changes     []ResourceChange
+	Tasks       []TaskPlan
+	ChartCRDs   []ChartCRD
+	Diagnostics []Diagnostic
+	Summary     Summary
 }
 
 // New validates helmAction, header, changes, tasks, and diagnostics,
-// sorts them, derives [Summary] and [Completeness], and returns a plan
-// whose slices are non-nil. ChartCRDs is empty; call [AttachChartCRDs]
-// to set them. Task references to [ResourceChange] values must be
-// consistent; it fails closed on dangling or duplicate ownership.
-// helmAction is stored as provided; [New] does not derive or mutate it.
+// sorts them, derives [Summary], and returns a plan whose slices are
+// non-nil. ChartCRDs is empty; call [AttachChartCRDs] to set them. Task
+// references to [ResourceChange] values must be consistent; it fails
+// closed on dangling or duplicate ownership. helmAction is stored as
+// provided; [New] does not derive or mutate it.
 func New(header Header, helmAction HelmAction, changes []ResourceChange, tasks []TaskPlan, diagnostics []Diagnostic) (Plan, error) {
 	if !helmAction.valid() {
 		return Plan{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid helm action %s", helmAction)
@@ -92,14 +92,13 @@ func New(header Header, helmAction HelmAction, changes []ResourceChange, tasks [
 	sortDiagnostics(copiedDiags)
 
 	return Plan{
-		Header:       header,
-		HelmAction:   helmAction,
-		Changes:      copiedChanges,
-		Tasks:        copiedTasks,
-		ChartCRDs:    []ChartCRD{},
-		Diagnostics:  copiedDiags,
-		Summary:      Summarize(copiedChanges),
-		Completeness: deriveCompleteness(copiedChanges, copiedDiags),
+		Header:      header,
+		HelmAction:  helmAction,
+		Changes:     copiedChanges,
+		Tasks:       copiedTasks,
+		ChartCRDs:   []ChartCRD{},
+		Diagnostics: copiedDiags,
+		Summary:     Summarize(copiedChanges),
 	}, nil
 }
 
@@ -152,11 +151,10 @@ func (p Plan) HasEffects() bool {
 	return false
 }
 
-// IsNoOp reports whether the plan is a complete, non-install HelmNone
-// with no known effects. Keep this expression verbatim.
+// IsNoOp reports whether the plan is a non-install [HelmNone] with no
+// known effects.
 func (p Plan) IsNoOp() bool {
 	return !p.Header.FreshInstall &&
-		p.Completeness == CompletenessComplete &&
 		p.HelmAction == HelmNone &&
 		!p.HasEffects()
 }
@@ -168,7 +166,7 @@ func normalizeChange(c ResourceChange) (ResourceChange, error) {
 	c.Apply = copyApply(c.Apply)
 	c.Fields = copyFields(c.Fields)
 	switch {
-	case (c.Action == Update || c.Action == Replace) && c.After != nil:
+	case c.Action == Update && c.After != nil:
 		fields, err := DiffFields(snapshotObject(c.Before), snapshotObject(c.After))
 		if err != nil {
 			return ResourceChange{}, err
@@ -323,20 +321,6 @@ func validateDefinition(d HookDefinition) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func deriveCompleteness(changes []ResourceChange, diags []Diagnostic) Completeness {
-	for _, d := range diags {
-		if d.Category == CategoryPredictionLimitation {
-			return CompletenessPartial
-		}
-	}
-	for _, c := range changes {
-		if c.Action == Update && c.After == nil {
-			return CompletenessPartial
-		}
-	}
-	return CompletenessComplete
-}
-
 func validateChange(c ResourceChange, diags []Diagnostic) error {
 	if !c.Action.valid() {
 		return fmt.Errorf("invalid action %s", c.Action)
@@ -428,17 +412,6 @@ func validateApply(action Action, apply ApplySemantics) error {
 			return fmt.Errorf("delete requires delete semantics")
 		}
 		return validateDelete(*apply.Delete)
-	case Replace:
-		if apply.Write == nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("replace requires write semantics")
-		}
-		if apply.Delete == nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("replace requires delete semantics")
-		}
-		if err := validateWrite(*apply.Write); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		return validateDelete(*apply.Delete)
 	default:
 		return fmt.Errorf("invalid action %s", action)
 	}
@@ -538,13 +511,6 @@ func validateSnapshots(c ResourceChange, diags []Diagnostic) error {
 		if c.After != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("delete must not have an after snapshot")
 		}
-	case Replace:
-		if c.Before == nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("replace requires a before snapshot")
-		}
-		if c.After == nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("replace requires an after snapshot")
-		}
 	}
 	return nil
 }
diff --git a/internal/plan/semantic/plan_test.go b/internal/plan/semantic/plan_test.go
index d2866ce..d3b6036 100644
--- a/internal/plan/semantic/plan_test.go
+++ b/internal/plan/semantic/plan_test.go
@@ -64,18 +64,6 @@ func TestNew_SnapshotInvariants(t *testing.T) {
 			before: true,
 			delete: true,
 		},
-		{
-			name:      "replace",
-			change:    replaceChange("app", "v1", "v2"),
-			action:    semantic.Replace,
-			before:    true,
-			after:     true,
-			fields:    true,
-			write:     true,
-			delete:    true,
-			fieldPath: "/data/key",
-			fieldOp:   semantic.FieldReplace,
-		},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -98,7 +86,6 @@ func TestNew_SnapshotInvariants(t *testing.T) {
 			assert.Equal(t, tt.delete, c.Apply.Delete != nil)
 			assert.Equal(t, tt.fieldPath, path)
 			assert.Equal(t, tt.fieldOp, op)
-			assert.Equal(t, semantic.CompletenessComplete, p.Completeness)
 		})
 	}
 }
@@ -123,7 +110,6 @@ func TestNew_UpdateWithoutAfterRequiresLimitation(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Nil(t, p.Changes[0].After)
 	assert.Empty(t, p.Changes[0].Fields)
-	assert.Equal(t, semantic.CompletenessPartial, p.Completeness)
 }
 
 func TestNew_TasksAlwaysNonNil(t *testing.T) {
@@ -138,7 +124,6 @@ func TestNew_TasksAlwaysNonNil(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Empty(t, p.Diagnostics)
 	require.NotNil(t, p.ChartCRDs)
 	assert.Empty(t, p.ChartCRDs)
-	assert.Equal(t, semantic.CompletenessComplete, p.Completeness)
 	assert.Equal(t, semantic.HelmUpgrade, p.HelmAction)
 	assert.Equal(t, 0, p.Summary.Total())
 }
@@ -149,11 +134,10 @@ func TestNew_SummaryDerived(t *testing.T) {
 		createChange("a", "1"),
 		updateChange("b", "1", "2"),
 		deleteChange("c", "1"),
-		replaceChange("d", "1", "2"),
 	}, nil, nil)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, semantic.Summary{Create: 1, Update: 1, Delete: 1, Replace: 1}, p.Summary)
-	assert.Equal(t, 4, p.Summary.Total())
+	assert.Equal(t, semantic.Summary{Create: 1, Update: 1, Delete: 1}, p.Summary)
+	assert.Equal(t, 3, p.Summary.Total())
 }
 
 func TestNew_DeterministicOrder(t *testing.T) {
@@ -226,10 +210,16 @@ func TestNew_DoesNotAliasCallerInputs(t *testing.T) {
 	p, err := semantic.New(semantic.Header{}, semantic.HelmUpgrade, []semantic.ResourceChange{{
 		Resource: res,
 		Origin:   semantic.ResourceOrigin{Kind: semantic.OriginHelm, Helm: helm},
-		Action:   semantic.Replace,
+		Action:   semantic.Update,
 		Before:   &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v1")},
 		After:    &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v2")},
-		Apply:    semantic.ApplySemantics{Write: write, Delete: del},
+		Apply:    semantic.ApplySemantics{Write: write},
+	}, {
+		Resource: ref("ConfigMap", "gone"),
+		Origin:   helmOrigin(),
+		Action:   semantic.Delete,
+		Before:   &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("gone", "v1")},
+		Apply:    semantic.ApplySemantics{Delete: del},
 	}}, nil, []semantic.Diagnostic{diag})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
@@ -238,10 +228,10 @@ func TestNew_DoesNotAliasCallerInputs(t *testing.T) {
 	del.Propagation = 0
 	diag.Resource.Name = "mutated"
 
-	require.Len(t, p.Changes, 1)
+	require.Len(t, p.Changes, 2)
 	assert.Equal(t, "web", p.Changes[0].Origin.Helm.Release)
 	assert.Equal(t, "deployah", p.Changes[0].Apply.Write.FieldManager)
-	assert.Equal(t, semantic.PropagationBackground, p.Changes[0].Apply.Delete.Propagation)
+	assert.Equal(t, semantic.PropagationBackground, p.Changes[1].Apply.Delete.Propagation)
 	require.Len(t, p.Diagnostics, 1)
 	assert.Equal(t, "app", p.Diagnostics[0].Resource.Name)
 }
@@ -253,10 +243,10 @@ func TestSummarize(t *testing.T) {
 		{Action: semantic.Create},
 		{Action: semantic.Update},
 		{Action: semantic.Delete},
-		{Action: semantic.Replace},
+		{Action: semantic.Action(99)},
 	})
-	assert.Equal(t, semantic.Summary{Create: 2, Update: 1, Delete: 1, Replace: 1}, got)
-	assert.Equal(t, 5, got.Total())
+	assert.Equal(t, semantic.Summary{Create: 2, Update: 1, Delete: 1}, got)
+	assert.Equal(t, 4, got.Total())
 }
 
 func TestNew_RejectsInvalid(t *testing.T) {
@@ -354,58 +344,6 @@ func TestNew_RejectsInvalid(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			wantErr: "delete must not have an after snapshot",
 		},
-		{
-			name: "replace missing before",
-			change: semantic.ResourceChange{
-				Resource: res,
-				Origin:   helmOrigin(),
-				Action:   semantic.Replace,
-				After:    &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v2")},
-				Apply:    bothApply(),
-			},
-			wantErr: "replace requires a before snapshot",
-		},
-		{
-			name: "replace missing after",
-			change: semantic.ResourceChange{
-				Resource: res,
-				Origin:   helmOrigin(),
-				Action:   semantic.Replace,
-				Before:   &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v1")},
-				Apply:    bothApply(),
-			},
-			wantErr: "replace requires an after snapshot",
-		},
-		{
-			name: "replace invalid write",
-			change: semantic.ResourceChange{
-				Resource: res,
-				Origin:   helmOrigin(),
-				Action:   semantic.Replace,
-				Before:   &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v1")},
-				After:    &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v2")},
-				Apply: semantic.ApplySemantics{
-					Write:  &semantic.WriteSemantics{Method: semantic.WriteServerSide},
-					Delete: deleteApply().Delete,
-				},
-			},
-			wantErr: "field manager",
-		},
-		{
-			name: "replace invalid delete",
-			change: semantic.ResourceChange{
-				Resource: res,
-				Origin:   helmOrigin(),
-				Action:   semantic.Replace,
-				Before:   &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v1")},
-				After:    &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v2")},
-				Apply: semantic.ApplySemantics{
-					Write:  writeApply().Write,
-					Delete: &semantic.DeleteSemantics{},
-				},
-			},
-			wantErr: "invalid delete propagation",
-		},
 		{
 			name: "create rejects delete",
 			change: semantic.ResourceChange{
@@ -460,41 +398,6 @@ func TestNew_RejectsInvalid(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			wantErr: "requires delete semantics",
 		},
-		{
-			name: "replace rejects write only",
-			change: semantic.ResourceChange{
-				Resource: res,
-				Origin:   helmOrigin(),
-				Action:   semantic.Replace,
-				Before:   &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v1")},
-				After:    &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v2")},
-				Apply:    writeApply(),
-			},
-			wantErr: "requires delete semantics",
-		},
-		{
-			name: "replace rejects delete only",
-			change: semantic.ResourceChange{
-				Resource: res,
-				Origin:   helmOrigin(),
-				Action:   semantic.Replace,
-				Before:   &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v1")},
-				After:    &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v2")},
-				Apply:    deleteApply(),
-			},
-			wantErr: "requires write semantics",
-		},
-		{
-			name: "replace rejects nil apply",
-			change: semantic.ResourceChange{
-				Resource: res,
-				Origin:   helmOrigin(),
-				Action:   semantic.Replace,
-				Before:   &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v1")},
-				After:    &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v2")},
-			},
-			wantErr: "requires write semantics",
-		},
 		{
 			name: "invalid write method",
 			change: semantic.ResourceChange{
@@ -636,54 +539,6 @@ func TestNew_LimitationMatching(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestNew_Completeness(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-	res := ref("ConfigMap", "app")
-	tests := []struct {
-		name    string
-		changes []semantic.ResourceChange
-		diags   []semantic.Diagnostic
-		want    semantic.Completeness
-	}{
-		{
-			name:    "complete create",
-			changes: []semantic.ResourceChange{createChange("app", "v1")},
-			want:    semantic.CompletenessComplete,
-		},
-		{
-			name:    "limitation on create",
-			changes: []semantic.ResourceChange{createChange("app", "v1")},
-			diags:   []semantic.Diagnostic{limitation(res)},
-			want:    semantic.CompletenessPartial,
-		},
-		{
-			name:  "limitation without changes",
-			diags: []semantic.Diagnostic{limitation(res)},
-			want:  semantic.CompletenessPartial,
-		},
-		{
-			name: "update without after",
-			changes: []semantic.ResourceChange{{
-				Resource: res,
-				Origin:   helmOrigin(),
-				Action:   semantic.Update,
-				Before:   &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v1")},
-				Apply:    writeApply(),
-			}},
-			diags: []semantic.Diagnostic{limitation(res)},
-			want:  semantic.CompletenessPartial,
-		},
-	}
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-			p, err := semantic.New(semantic.Header{}, semantic.HelmUpgrade, tt.changes, nil, tt.diags)
-			require.NoError(t, err)
-			assert.Equal(t, tt.want, p.Completeness)
-		})
-	}
-}
-
 func TestNew_CopiesNestedSnapshotShapes(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	labels := map[string]string{"app": "web"}
@@ -1161,16 +1016,17 @@ func TestPlan_IsNoOp(t *testing.T) {
 		diags      []semantic.Diagnostic
 		want       bool
 	}{
-		{name: "A complete helm none", helmAction: semantic.HelmNone, want: true},
-		{name: "B helm upgrade zero effects", helmAction: semantic.HelmUpgrade},
+		{name: "helm none", helmAction: semantic.HelmNone, want: true},
+		{name: "helm upgrade zero effects", helmAction: semantic.HelmUpgrade},
 		{
-			name:       "C fresh install",
+			name:       "fresh install",
 			header:     semantic.Header{FreshInstall: true},
 			helmAction: semantic.HelmInstall,
 		},
 		{
-			name:       "D partial helm none",
+			name:       "helm none with limitation diagnostic",
 			helmAction: semantic.HelmNone,
+			want:       true,
 			diags: []semantic.Diagnostic{{
 				Severity: semantic.DiagnosticWarning,
 				Category: semantic.CategoryPredictionLimitation,
diff --git a/internal/plan/semantic/summary.go b/internal/plan/semantic/summary.go
index a54176f..3dea32b 100644
--- a/internal/plan/semantic/summary.go
+++ b/internal/plan/semantic/summary.go
@@ -17,15 +17,14 @@ package semantic
 // Summary counts [ResourceChange] values by action. [New] always sets it
 // from [Summarize]; callers cannot supply an independent summary.
 type Summary struct {
-	Create  int
-	Update  int
-	Delete  int
-	Replace int
+	Create int
+	Update int
+	Delete int
 }
 
 // Total returns the number of resource changes.
 func (s Summary) Total() int {
-	return s.Create + s.Update + s.Delete + s.Replace
+	return s.Create + s.Update + s.Delete
 }
 
 // Summarize counts changes by action. It is the only summary calculation.
@@ -39,8 +38,6 @@ func Summarize(changes []ResourceChange) Summary {
 			s.Update++
 		case Delete:
 			s.Delete++
-		case Replace:
-			s.Replace++
 		}
 	}
 	return s
diff --git a/internal/plan/semantic/task_test.go b/internal/plan/semantic/task_test.go
index b7de83a..168ea72 100644
--- a/internal/plan/semantic/task_test.go
+++ b/internal/plan/semantic/task_test.go
@@ -154,14 +154,14 @@ func TestNew_TaskValidation(t *testing.T) {
 			wantErr: "invalid action",
 		},
 		{
-			name: "hook replace action",
+			name: "hook unknown action",
 			tasks: []semantic.TaskPlan{{
 				Name:   "migrate",
 				Phase:  semantic.TaskPreDeploy,
 				Action: semantic.TaskUpdate,
 				Definitions: []semantic.HookDefinition{{
 					Resource: app,
-					Action:   semantic.Replace,
+					Action:   semantic.Action(0),
 					Before:   &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v1")},
 					After:    &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: cm("app", "v2")},
 				}},
diff --git a/internal/plan/semantic/types.go b/internal/plan/semantic/types.go
index 19ccb79..2923d06 100644
--- a/internal/plan/semantic/types.go
+++ b/internal/plan/semantic/types.go
@@ -28,9 +28,6 @@ const (
 	Update
 	// Delete is a prune of a live resource.
 	Delete
-	// Replace is a delete of the live object plus a write of a
-	// replacement. Stage C stores the action; it does not generate it.
-	Replace
 )
 
 func (a Action) String() string {
@@ -41,8 +38,6 @@ func (a Action) String() string {
 		return "update"
 	case Delete:
 		return "delete"
-	case Replace:
-		return "replace"
 	default:
 		return fmt.Sprintf("Action(%d)", int(a))
 	}
@@ -50,7 +45,7 @@ func (a Action) String() string {
 
 func (a Action) valid() bool {
 	switch a {
-	case Create, Update, Delete, Replace:
+	case Create, Update, Delete:
 		return true
 	default:
 		return false
@@ -63,35 +58,10 @@ func actionRank(a Action) int {
 		return 0
 	case Update:
 		return 1
-	case Replace:
-		return 2
 	case Delete:
-		return 3
-	default:
-		return 4
-	}
-}
-
-// Completeness says whether every predicted After is exact. The zero
-// value is invalid.
-type Completeness int
-
-const (
-	// CompletenessComplete means every resource change has an exact
-	// prediction.
-	CompletenessComplete Completeness = iota + 1
-	// CompletenessPartial means at least one prediction is not exact.
-	CompletenessPartial
-)
-
-func (c Completeness) String() string {
-	switch c {
-	case CompletenessComplete:
-		return "complete"
-	case CompletenessPartial:
-		return "partial"
+		return 2
 	default:
-		return fmt.Sprintf("Completeness(%d)", int(c))
+		return 3
 	}
 }
 
@@ -174,7 +144,7 @@ func (r ResourceRef) String() string {
 type OriginKind int
 
 const (
-	// OriginHelm is a Helm-predicted resource.
+	// OriginHelm is a resource rendered by the Helm release.
 	OriginHelm OriginKind = iota + 1
 	// OriginNamespace is the target Namespace created as part of a
 	// Helm install. It is invalid with [HelmNone] or [HelmUpgrade].
@@ -281,9 +251,8 @@ type DeleteSemantics struct {
 	Propagation DeletePropagation
 }
 
-// ApplySemantics is the mutation semantics that produced a prediction.
-// Create and Update set Write only. Delete sets Delete only. Replace
-// sets both.
+// ApplySemantics is the mutation semantics of a resource consequence.
+// Create and Update set Write only. Delete sets Delete only.
 type ApplySemantics struct {
 	Write  *WriteSemantics
 	Delete *DeleteSemantics
@@ -469,7 +438,7 @@ func (l ChartCRDLifecycle) valid() bool {
 }
 
 // ChartCRD is one chart CRD document for plan presentation. It is Helm
-// chart-CRD lifecycle, not a predicted Kubernetes mutation.
+// chart-CRD lifecycle, not a resource consequence.
 type ChartCRD struct {
 	// Source is the display path under .deployah/crds/.
 	Source string
diff --git a/internal/plan/semantic/types_test.go b/internal/plan/semantic/types_test.go
index 7ae607e..faca2a1 100644
--- a/internal/plan/semantic/types_test.go
+++ b/internal/plan/semantic/types_test.go
@@ -32,11 +32,7 @@ func TestEnumString(t *testing.T) {
 		{name: "create", got: semantic.Create.String(), want: "create"},
 		{name: "update", got: semantic.Update.String(), want: "update"},
 		{name: "delete", got: semantic.Delete.String(), want: "delete"},
-		{name: "action replace", got: semantic.Replace.String(), want: "replace"},
 		{name: "unknown action", got: semantic.Action(0).String(), want: "Action(0)"},
-		{name: "complete", got: semantic.CompletenessComplete.String(), want: "complete"},
-		{name: "partial", got: semantic.CompletenessPartial.String(), want: "partial"},
-		{name: "unknown completeness", got: semantic.Completeness(0).String(), want: "Completeness(0)"},
 		{name: "none", got: semantic.HelmNone.String(), want: "none"},
 		{name: "install", got: semantic.HelmInstall.String(), want: "install"},
 		{name: "upgrade", got: semantic.HelmUpgrade.String(), want: "upgrade"},
diff --git a/internal/plan/semantic_build_test.go b/internal/plan/semantic_build_test.go
index 02888b0..3cf48bc 100644
--- a/internal/plan/semantic_build_test.go
+++ b/internal/plan/semantic_build_test.go
@@ -627,7 +627,6 @@ func TestBuildSemanticPlan_NoChange(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Empty(t, p.Changes)
 	assert.Equal(t, 0, p.Summary.Total())
-	assert.Equal(t, semantic.CompletenessComplete, p.Completeness)
 	assert.Equal(t, semantic.HelmNone, p.HelmAction)
 	assert.False(t, p.HasEffects())
 	assert.True(t, p.IsNoOp())
diff --git a/internal/plan/semantic_prereq_test.go b/internal/plan/semantic_prereq_test.go
index ce2d1a1..343abb4 100644
--- a/internal/plan/semantic_prereq_test.go
+++ b/internal/plan/semantic_prereq_test.go
@@ -78,7 +78,6 @@ func TestBuildSemanticPlan_InstallCreatesNamespace(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, semantic.Create, p.Changes[0].Action)
 	assert.Equal(t, semantic.WriteServerSide, p.Changes[0].Apply.Write.Method)
 	assert.False(t, p.Changes[0].Apply.Write.ForceConflicts)
-	assert.Equal(t, semantic.CompletenessPartial, p.Completeness)
 	require.NotEmpty(t, p.Diagnostics)
 	assert.Contains(t, p.Diagnostics[0].Message, "target namespace is created earlier in this deployment")
 	require.Len(t, cluster.applies, 1)
@@ -392,7 +391,6 @@ data:
 	p, _, cleanup, err := plan.BuildSemanticPlan(t.Context(), client, cluster, buildInput("ctx", resolvedSpec(), nil))
 	t.Cleanup(cleanup)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, semantic.CompletenessPartial, p.Completeness)
 	var gens []string
 	for _, d := range p.Diagnostics {
 		if d.Resource != nil {
diff --git a/internal/plan/view/helpers_test.go b/internal/plan/view/helpers_test.go
index e984038..ee3eadf 100644
--- a/internal/plan/view/helpers_test.go
+++ b/internal/plan/view/helpers_test.go
@@ -61,13 +61,6 @@ func deleteApply() semantic.ApplySemantics {
 	}
 }
 
-func bothApply() semantic.ApplySemantics {
-	return semantic.ApplySemantics{
-		Write:  writeApply().Write,
-		Delete: deleteApply().Delete,
-	}
-}
-
 func snap(obj map[string]any) *semantic.ResourceSnapshot {
 	return &semantic.ResourceSnapshot{Object: obj}
 }
diff --git a/internal/plan/view/human.go b/internal/plan/view/human.go
index 91739ba..f8cbc28 100644
--- a/internal/plan/view/human.go
+++ b/internal/plan/view/human.go
@@ -27,14 +27,14 @@ import (
 	"deployah.dev/deployah/internal/plan/semantic"
 )
 
-// yamlDiffContextLines is small because Update and Replace diffs are
+// yamlDiffContextLines is small because Update diffs are
 // ancestor-projected, not whole-object dumps.
 const yamlDiffContextLines = 3
 
 const headerLabelWidth = 10
 
 // WriteHuman writes a deterministic YAML-oriented rendering of p. It
-// does not mutate p. Resource headings use +, ~, -, and -/+ markers.
+// does not mutate p. Resource headings use +, ~, and - markers.
 // The footer is a Summary of resource counts and, when tasks exist,
 // task counts.
 func WriteHuman(w io.Writer, p semantic.Plan, opts Options) error {
@@ -45,14 +45,6 @@ func WriteHuman(w io.Writer, p semantic.Plan, opts Options) error {
 	if herr := writeHumanHeader(w, prepared.Header, opts); herr != nil {
 		return herr
 	}
-	if prepared.Completeness == semantic.CompletenessPartial {
-		if werr := writeln(w, opts, theme.StatusWarning, "Warning: prediction is incomplete"); werr != nil {
-			return werr
-		}
-		if _, ferr := fmt.Fprintln(w); ferr != nil {
-			return ferr
-		}
-	}
 	owned := ownedResourceKeys(prepared.Tasks)
 	indexed := indexChanges(prepared.Changes)
 	wroteBody := false
@@ -311,46 +303,11 @@ func writeActionBody(
 		}
 		beforeProj, afterProj := projectFields(beforeObj, afterObj, renderFields)
 		return writeProjectedDiff(w, beforeProj, afterProj, indent, opts)
-	case semantic.Replace:
-		if err := writeReplaceIdentity(w, afterObj, indent, opts); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		beforeProj, afterProj := projectFields(beforeObj, afterObj, restFields(renderFields))
-		return writeProjectedDiff(w, beforeProj, afterProj, indent, opts)
 	default:
 		return nil
 	}
 }
 
-func restFields(fields []semantic.FieldChange) []semantic.FieldChange {
-	out := make([]semantic.FieldChange, 0, len(fields))
-	for _, f := range fields {
-		if f.Path == "/apiVersion" || f.Path == "/kind" || f.Path == "/metadata" || strings.HasPrefix(f.Path, "/metadata/") {
-			continue
-		}
-		out = append(out, f)
-	}
-	return out
-}
-
-func writeReplaceIdentity(w io.Writer, after map[string]any, indent string, opts Options) error {
-	id := map[string]any{}
-	if v, ok := after["apiVersion"]; ok {
-		id["apiVersion"] = v
-	}
-	if v, ok := after["kind"]; ok {
-		id["kind"] = v
-	}
-	if v, ok := after["metadata"]; ok {
-		id["metadata"] = v
-	}
-	text, err := marshalOrderedYAML(id)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return writePrefixedYAML(w, text, indent+"  ", theme.TextMuted, opts)
-}
-
 func writeProjectedDiff(w io.Writer, before, after map[string]any, indent string, opts Options) error {
 	beforeYAML, err := marshalOrderedYAML(before)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -436,7 +393,7 @@ func writeHumanFooter(w io.Writer, p semantic.Plan, opts Options) error {
 		return err
 	}
 	s := p.Summary
-	resourceLine := fmt.Sprintf("  Resources: %d create, %d update, %d delete, %d replace", s.Create, s.Update, s.Delete, s.Replace)
+	resourceLine := fmt.Sprintf("  Resources: %d create, %d update, %d delete", s.Create, s.Update, s.Delete)
 	if err := writeln(w, opts, theme.TextPrimary, resourceLine); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -503,8 +460,6 @@ func actionMarker(action semantic.Action) string {
 		return "~"
 	case semantic.Delete:
 		return "-"
-	case semantic.Replace:
-		return "-/+"
 	default:
 		return ""
 	}
@@ -518,8 +473,6 @@ func actionHeadingToken(action semantic.Action) theme.Token {
 		return theme.StatusError
 	case semantic.Update:
 		return theme.StatusWarning
-	case semantic.Replace:
-		return theme.AccentPrimary
 	default:
 		return theme.StatusWarning
 	}
diff --git a/internal/plan/view/human_internal_test.go b/internal/plan/view/human_internal_test.go
index 330cbae..861ae4c 100644
--- a/internal/plan/view/human_internal_test.go
+++ b/internal/plan/view/human_internal_test.go
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ func TestActionMarker(t *testing.T) {
 		{action: semantic.Create, want: "+"},
 		{action: semantic.Update, want: "~"},
 		{action: semantic.Delete, want: "-"},
-		{action: semantic.Replace, want: "-/+"},
 		{action: 0, want: ""},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
diff --git a/internal/plan/view/human_norm_test.go b/internal/plan/view/human_norm_test.go
index 8045e51..55cad21 100644
--- a/internal/plan/view/human_norm_test.go
+++ b/internal/plan/view/human_norm_test.go
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ func TestWriteHuman_OmitsBookkeepingFields(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, "11", objectString(t, p.Changes[0].Before.Object, "metadata", "resourceVersion"))
 }
 
-func TestWriteHuman_OmitsBookkeepingOnCreateDeleteReplace(t *testing.T) {
+func TestWriteHuman_OmitsBookkeepingOnCreateDelete(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	tests := []struct {
 		name    string
@@ -213,18 +213,6 @@ func TestWriteHuman_OmitsBookkeepingOnCreateDeleteReplace(t *testing.T) {
 			}},
 			want: []string{"-   key: v1", "-   labels:", "-   annotations:"},
 		},
-		{
-			name: "replace",
-			changes: []semantic.ResourceChange{{
-				Resource: ref("ConfigMap", "web"),
-				Origin:   helmOrigin(),
-				Action:   semantic.Replace,
-				Before:   snap(noisyCM("web", "v1", "11", "u-live")),
-				After:    snap(noisyCM("web", "v2", "22", "u-pred")),
-				Apply:    bothApply(),
-			}},
-			want: []string{"-   key: v1", "+   key: v2"},
-		},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
diff --git a/internal/plan/view/human_test.go b/internal/plan/view/human_test.go
index d53380f..853c4bb 100644
--- a/internal/plan/view/human_test.go
+++ b/internal/plan/view/human_test.go
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import (
 	"deployah.dev/deployah/internal/plan/view"
 )
 
-func TestWriteHuman_CreateUpdateDeleteReplace(t *testing.T) {
+func TestWriteHuman_CreateUpdateDelete(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	p := allActionsPlan(t)
 	var buf bytes.Buffer
@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ func TestWriteHuman_CreateUpdateDeleteReplace(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Contains(t, text, "-     example.com/keep: yes")
 	assert.Contains(t, text, "-     app: web")
 	assert.Contains(t, text, "-   key: v1")
-	assert.Contains(t, text, `-/+ replace v1/ConfigMap "rs"`)
 	assert.Contains(t, text, "Tasks")
 	assert.Contains(t, text, "  preDeploy")
 	assert.Contains(t, text, "~ migrate  changed, will run")
@@ -75,12 +74,11 @@ func TestWriteHuman_CreateUpdateDeleteReplace(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Contains(t, text, "+   schedule: 0 3 * * *")
 	assert.NotContains(t, text, "jobTemplate:")
 	assert.Equal(t, 1, strings.Count(text, `batch/v1/CronJob "web-cleanup"`))
-	assert.Contains(t, text, "  Resources: 1 create, 2 update, 1 delete, 1 replace")
+	assert.Contains(t, text, "  Resources: 1 create, 2 update, 1 delete")
 	assert.Contains(t, text, "  Tasks: 3 to run, 1 schedule changed")
 	assert.NotContains(t, text, "~ ConfigMap/prod/rs")
-	assert.NotContains(t, text, "-/+ ConfigMap/prod/web")
+	assert.NotContains(t, text, "-/+")
 	assert.NotContains(t, strings.ToLower(text), "recreate")
-	assert.NotContains(t, text, "-/+ apiVersion")
 	assert.NotContains(t, text, "Actions:")
 	assert.NotContains(t, text, "create helm")
 	assert.NotContains(t, text, "completeness:")
@@ -92,8 +90,6 @@ func TestWriteHuman_CreateUpdateDeleteReplace(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Contains(t, text, "- apiVersion: v1")
 	assert.Contains(t, text, "-   key: v1")
 	assert.Contains(t, text, "+   key: v2")
-	assert.Contains(t, text, "  kind: ConfigMap")
-	assert.Contains(t, text, "  apiVersion: v1")
 	assert.NotContains(t, text, "before:")
 	assert.NotContains(t, text, "after:")
 	assert.NotContains(t, text, "--- before")
@@ -110,11 +106,10 @@ func TestWriteHuman_NoOpLimitationDiagnosticsOnly(t *testing.T) {
 		Message:  "prediction is not exact: prediction used the currently installed CRD, but that CRD's spec changes before Helm executes",
 		Resource: &widget,
 	}})
-	assert.Equal(t, semantic.CompletenessPartial, p.Completeness)
 	assert.False(t, p.IsNoOp())
 	text := writeHuman(t, p)
 	assertGolden(t, "human_noop_limitation", text)
-	assert.Contains(t, text, "Warning: prediction is incomplete")
+	assert.NotContains(t, text, "Warning: prediction is incomplete")
 	assert.Contains(t, text, "Diagnostics")
 	assert.Contains(t, text, `example.com/v1/Widget "app"`)
 	assert.NotContains(t, text, "\nResources\n")
@@ -168,16 +163,15 @@ func TestWriteHuman_Prerequisites(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Contains(t, text, "Diagnostics")
 }
 
-func TestWriteHuman_DiagnosticPartial(t *testing.T) {
+func TestWriteHuman_UpdateWithLimitationDiagnostic(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	res := ref("ConfigMap", "web")
 	p := mustPlanWithHeader(t, humanHeader(), semantic.HelmUpgrade, []semantic.ResourceChange{
 		knownConfigMapUpdate(res),
 	}, nil, []semantic.Diagnostic{predictionLimitation(res)})
-	assert.Equal(t, semantic.CompletenessPartial, p.Completeness)
 	text := writeHuman(t, p)
-	assertGolden(t, "human_partial", text) // full-output contract; Contains below are invariants only
-	assert.Contains(t, text, "Warning: prediction is incomplete")
+	assertGolden(t, "human_limitation", text) // full-output contract; Contains below are invariants only
+	assert.NotContains(t, text, "Warning: prediction is incomplete")
 	assert.Contains(t, text, `~ update v1/ConfigMap "web"`)
 	assert.Contains(t, text, "-   key: v1")
 	assert.Contains(t, text, "+   key: v2")
@@ -186,24 +180,22 @@ func TestWriteHuman_DiagnosticPartial(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NotContains(t, text, "Actions:")
 }
 
-func TestWriteHuman_PartialPreservesKnownDetails(t *testing.T) {
+func TestWriteHuman_LimitationDiagnosticPreservesKnownDetails(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	header, changes, tasks := allActionsInputs()
-	complete := mustPlanWithHeader(t, header, semantic.HelmUpgrade, changes, tasks, nil)
-	partial := mustPlanWithHeader(t, header, semantic.HelmUpgrade, changes, tasks, []semantic.Diagnostic{
+	plain := mustPlanWithHeader(t, header, semantic.HelmUpgrade, changes, tasks, nil)
+	withDiag := mustPlanWithHeader(t, header, semantic.HelmUpgrade, changes, tasks, []semantic.Diagnostic{
 		predictionLimitation(ref("ConfigMap", "web")),
 	})
-	assert.Equal(t, semantic.CompletenessComplete, complete.Completeness)
-	assert.Equal(t, semantic.CompletenessPartial, partial.Completeness)
-	assert.Equal(t, complete.Summary, partial.Summary)
+	assert.Equal(t, plain.Summary, withDiag.Summary)
 
-	completeText := writeHuman(t, complete)
-	partialText := writeHuman(t, partial)
-	assert.Contains(t, partialText, "Warning: prediction is incomplete")
-	assert.Contains(t, partialText, "Diagnostics")
-	assert.NotContains(t, completeText, "Warning: prediction is incomplete")
-	assert.NotContains(t, completeText, "Diagnostics")
-	require.Equal(t, completeText, stripPartialPresentation(t, partialText))
+	plainText := writeHuman(t, plain)
+	withDiagText := writeHuman(t, withDiag)
+	assert.Contains(t, withDiagText, "Diagnostics")
+	assert.NotContains(t, plainText, "Warning: prediction is incomplete")
+	assert.NotContains(t, withDiagText, "Warning: prediction is incomplete")
+	assert.NotContains(t, plainText, "Diagnostics")
+	require.Equal(t, plainText, stripDiagnostics(t, withDiagText))
 }
 
 func TestWriteHuman_DeterministicMapOrder(t *testing.T) {
@@ -252,7 +244,7 @@ func TestWriteHuman_InvalidZero(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	err := view.WriteHuman(&bytes.Buffer{}, semantic.Plan{}, view.Options{})
 	require.Error(t, err)
-	assert.ErrorContains(t, err, "invalid completeness")
+	assert.ErrorContains(t, err, "invalid helmAction")
 }
 
 func TestWriteHuman_DoesNotMutatePlan(t *testing.T) {
@@ -472,7 +464,7 @@ func TestWriteHuman_EmptyPlan(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NotContains(t, text, "completeness:")
 	assert.NotContains(t, text, "Executions:")
 	assertHumanLayout(t, text)
-	assert.Contains(t, text, "  Resources: 0 create, 0 update, 0 delete, 0 replace")
+	assert.Contains(t, text, "  Resources: 0 create, 0 update, 0 delete")
 	assert.NotContains(t, text, "  Tasks:")
 	assert.NotContains(t, text, "create helm")
 	assert.NotContains(t, text, "Actions:")
@@ -545,38 +537,6 @@ func TestWriteHuman_UnknownGVKActions(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			contains: []string{`- delete example.com/v1/Widget "d"`, "- apiVersion: example.com/v1", "size: large"},
 		},
-		{
-			name: "replace identity then projected rest",
-			change: semantic.ResourceChange{
-				Resource: semantic.ResourceRef{APIVersion: "example.com/v1", Kind: "Widget", Namespace: "prod", Name: "w"},
-				Origin:   helmOrigin(),
-				Action:   semantic.Replace,
-				Before: snap(map[string]any{
-					"apiVersion": "example.com/v1",
-					"kind":       "Widget",
-					"metadata":   map[string]any{"name": "w", "namespace": "prod"},
-					"spec":       map[string]any{"color": "blue", "keep": "yes"},
-					"status":     map[string]any{"ready": true},
-				}),
-				After: snap(map[string]any{
-					"apiVersion": "example.com/v1",
-					"kind":       "Widget",
-					"metadata":   map[string]any{"name": "w", "namespace": "prod"},
-					"spec":       map[string]any{"color": "red", "keep": "yes"},
-					"status":     map[string]any{"ready": true},
-				}),
-				Apply: bothApply(),
-			},
-			contains: []string{
-				`-/+ replace example.com/v1/Widget "w"`,
-				"apiVersion: example.com/v1",
-				"kind: Widget",
-				"metadata:",
-				"color: blue",
-				"color: red",
-			},
-			omits: []string{"keep: yes"},
-		},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -810,7 +770,7 @@ func TestWriteHuman_ScheduledTaskNotDuplicated(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Greater(t, tasksIdx, resourcesIdx)
 	assert.NotContains(t, text[resourcesIdx:tasksIdx], `CronJob "cleanup"`)
 	assertHumanLayout(t, text)
-	assert.Contains(t, text, "  Resources: 1 create, 1 update, 0 delete, 0 replace")
+	assert.Contains(t, text, "  Resources: 1 create, 1 update, 0 delete")
 	assert.Contains(t, text, "  Tasks: 0 to run, 1 schedule changed")
 }
 
@@ -850,7 +810,7 @@ func TestWriteHuman_ScheduleCreateDeleteRendersFullObject(t *testing.T) {
 			contains: append([]string{
 				"+ cleanup  new",
 				`+ create batch/v1/CronJob "web-cleanup"`,
-				"  Resources: 1 create, 0 update, 0 delete, 0 replace",
+				"  Resources: 1 create, 0 update, 0 delete",
 			}, body...),
 			omits: []string{"will run", "\nResources\n"},
 		},
@@ -872,7 +832,7 @@ func TestWriteHuman_ScheduleCreateDeleteRendersFullObject(t *testing.T) {
 			contains: append([]string{
 				"- cleanup  removed",
 				`- delete batch/v1/CronJob "web-cleanup"`,
-				"  Resources: 0 create, 0 update, 1 delete, 0 replace",
+				"  Resources: 0 create, 0 update, 1 delete",
 			}, body...),
 			omits: []string{"will run", "\nResources\n"},
 		},
@@ -963,7 +923,7 @@ func TestWriteHuman_TaskFooter(t *testing.T) {
 			require.NoError(t, view.WriteHuman(&buf, p, view.Options{}))
 			text := buf.String()
 			assertHumanLayout(t, text)
-			assert.Contains(t, text, "  Resources: 0 create, 0 update, 0 delete, 0 replace")
+			assert.Contains(t, text, "  Resources: 0 create, 0 update, 0 delete")
 			for _, s := range tt.wantContains {
 				assert.Contains(t, text, s)
 			}
@@ -1002,7 +962,7 @@ func TestWriteHuman_BlockSpacing(t *testing.T) {
 			}, nil),
 			contains: []string{
 				"+   key: v1\n\n  + create v1/ConfigMap \"old\"",
-				"  Resources: 2 create, 0 update, 0 delete, 0 replace",
+				"  Resources: 2 create, 0 update, 0 delete",
 			},
 		},
 		{
@@ -1089,7 +1049,7 @@ func TestWriteHuman_SummaryOmitsTasksWhenAbsent(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, view.WriteHuman(&buf, p, view.Options{}))
 	text := buf.String()
 	assertHumanLayout(t, text)
-	assert.Contains(t, text, "  Resources: 1 create, 0 update, 0 delete, 0 replace")
+	assert.Contains(t, text, "  Resources: 1 create, 0 update, 0 delete")
 	assert.NotContains(t, text, "  Tasks:")
 }
 
@@ -1127,14 +1087,6 @@ func allActionsInputs() (semantic.Header, []semantic.ResourceChange, []semantic.
 			Before:   snap(cmWithMeta("old", "v1")),
 			Apply:    deleteApply(),
 		},
-		{
-			Resource: ref("ConfigMap", "rs"),
-			Origin:   helmOrigin(),
-			Action:   semantic.Replace,
-			Before:   snap(cm("rs", "v1")),
-			After:    snap(cm("rs", "v2")),
-			Apply:    bothApply(),
-		},
 		{
 			Resource: cron,
 			Origin:   helmOrigin(),
@@ -1226,11 +1178,8 @@ func predictionLimitation(res semantic.ResourceRef) semantic.Diagnostic {
 	}
 }
 
-func stripPartialPresentation(t *testing.T, text string) string {
+func stripDiagnostics(t *testing.T, text string) string {
 	t.Helper()
-	const warning = "Warning: prediction is incomplete\n\n"
-	require.Contains(t, text, warning)
-	text = strings.Replace(text, warning, "", 1)
 	diagStart := strings.Index(text, "\nDiagnostics\n")
 	summaryStart := strings.Index(text, "\nSummary\n")
 	require.Greater(t, diagStart, -1)
diff --git a/internal/plan/view/json.go b/internal/plan/view/json.go
index ffbb37a..5ae011a 100644
--- a/internal/plan/view/json.go
+++ b/internal/plan/view/json.go
@@ -23,15 +23,14 @@ import (
 )
 
 type document struct {
-	Schema       string        `json:"schema"`
-	Header       headerDTO     `json:"header"`
-	HelmAction   string        `json:"helmAction"`
-	Changes      []changeDTO   `json:"changes"`
-	Tasks        []taskDTO     `json:"tasks"`
-	ChartCRDs    []chartCRDDTO `json:"chartCRDs"`
-	Diagnostics  []diagDTO     `json:"diagnostics"`
-	Summary      summaryDTO    `json:"summary"`
-	Completeness string        `json:"completeness"`
+	Schema      string        `json:"schema"`
+	Header      headerDTO     `json:"header"`
+	HelmAction  string        `json:"helmAction"`
+	Changes     []changeDTO   `json:"changes"`
+	Tasks       []taskDTO     `json:"tasks"`
+	ChartCRDs   []chartCRDDTO `json:"chartCRDs"`
+	Diagnostics []diagDTO     `json:"diagnostics"`
+	Summary     summaryDTO    `json:"summary"`
 }
 
 type headerDTO struct {
@@ -102,11 +101,10 @@ type diagDTO struct {
 }
 
 type summaryDTO struct {
-	Create  int `json:"create"`
-	Update  int `json:"update"`
-	Delete  int `json:"delete"`
-	Replace int `json:"replace"`
-	Total   int `json:"total"`
+	Create int `json:"create"`
+	Update int `json:"update"`
+	Delete int `json:"delete"`
+	Total  int `json:"total"`
 }
 
 type taskDTO struct {
@@ -173,15 +171,14 @@ func newDocument(p semantic.Plan, opts Options) (document, error) {
 		crds = append(crds, toChartCRDDTO(c))
 	}
 	return document{
-		Schema:       SchemaV1ID,
-		Header:       toHeaderDTO(prepared.Header),
-		HelmAction:   prepared.HelmAction.String(),
-		Changes:      changes,
-		Tasks:        tasks,
-		ChartCRDs:    crds,
-		Diagnostics:  diags,
-		Summary:      toSummaryDTO(prepared.Summary),
-		Completeness: prepared.Completeness.String(),
+		Schema:      SchemaV1ID,
+		Header:      toHeaderDTO(prepared.Header),
+		HelmAction:  prepared.HelmAction.String(),
+		Changes:     changes,
+		Tasks:       tasks,
+		ChartCRDs:   crds,
+		Diagnostics: diags,
+		Summary:     toSummaryDTO(prepared.Summary),
 	}, nil
 }
 
@@ -270,11 +267,10 @@ func toDiagDTO(d semantic.Diagnostic) diagDTO {
 
 func toSummaryDTO(s semantic.Summary) summaryDTO {
 	return summaryDTO{
-		Create:  s.Create,
-		Update:  s.Update,
-		Delete:  s.Delete,
-		Replace: s.Replace,
-		Total:   s.Total(),
+		Create: s.Create,
+		Update: s.Update,
+		Delete: s.Delete,
+		Total:  s.Total(),
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/internal/plan/view/json_test.go b/internal/plan/view/json_test.go
index 23be782..67bf7a2 100644
--- a/internal/plan/view/json_test.go
+++ b/internal/plan/view/json_test.go
@@ -60,11 +60,17 @@ func TestWriteJSON_SchemaAndTasks(t *testing.T) {
 			"create": 0,
 			"update": 0,
 			"delete": 0,
-			"replace": 0,
 			"total": 0
-		},
-		"completeness": "complete"
+		}
 	}`, buf.String())
+	var doc map[string]any
+	require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(buf.Bytes(), &doc))
+	_, hasCompleteness := doc["completeness"]
+	assert.False(t, hasCompleteness)
+	summary, ok := doc["summary"].(map[string]any)
+	require.True(t, ok)
+	_, hasReplace := summary["replace"]
+	assert.False(t, hasReplace)
 	assertNoJSONKeysFromBytes(t, buf.Bytes())
 	validatePlanSchema(t, buf.Bytes())
 }
@@ -137,8 +143,7 @@ func TestWriteJSON_TasksContract(t *testing.T) {
 		}],
 		"chartCRDs": [],
 		"diagnostics": [],
-		"summary": {"create": 0, "update": 0, "delete": 0, "replace": 0, "total": 0},
-		"completeness": "complete"
+		"summary": {"create": 0, "update": 0, "delete": 0, "total": 0}
 	}`, buf.String())
 	validatePlanSchema(t, buf.Bytes())
 	assertNoJSONKeysFromBytes(t, buf.Bytes())
@@ -264,7 +269,7 @@ func TestWriteJSON_InvalidZero(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	err := view.WriteJSON(&bytes.Buffer{}, semantic.Plan{}, view.Options{})
 	require.Error(t, err)
-	assert.ErrorContains(t, err, "invalid completeness")
+	assert.ErrorContains(t, err, "invalid helmAction")
 }
 
 func TestWriteJSON_ShowSecrets(t *testing.T) {
@@ -391,21 +396,13 @@ func TestWriteJSON_MatchesSchemaForRepresentativePlans(t *testing.T) {
 			Before:   snap(cm("app", "v1")),
 			Apply:    deleteApply(),
 		}}, nil)},
-		{name: "partial update", plan: mustPlan(t, semantic.HelmUpgrade, []semantic.ResourceChange{{
+		{name: "update without after", plan: mustPlan(t, semantic.HelmUpgrade, []semantic.ResourceChange{{
 			Resource: res,
 			Origin:   helmOrigin(),
 			Action:   semantic.Update,
 			Before:   snap(cm("app", "v1")),
 			Apply:    writeApply(),
 		}}, []semantic.Diagnostic{limitationFor(res)})},
-		{name: "replace", plan: mustPlan(t, semantic.HelmUpgrade, []semantic.ResourceChange{{
-			Resource: res,
-			Origin:   helmOrigin(),
-			Action:   semantic.Replace,
-			Before:   snap(cm("app", "v1")),
-			After:    snap(cm("app", "v2")),
-			Apply:    bothApply(),
-		}}, nil)},
 		{name: "create write create", plan: mustPlan(t, semantic.HelmUpgrade, []semantic.ResourceChange{{
 			Resource: res,
 			Origin:   helmOrigin(),
diff --git a/internal/plan/view/prepare.go b/internal/plan/view/prepare.go
index 317e7fa..a300f83 100644
--- a/internal/plan/view/prepare.go
+++ b/internal/plan/view/prepare.go
@@ -33,10 +33,6 @@ func prepareRender(p semantic.Plan, opts Options) (semantic.Plan, error) {
 }
 
 func validateRenderable(p semantic.Plan) error {
-	if err := requireEnum("completeness", p.Completeness.String(),
-		semantic.CompletenessComplete.String(), semantic.CompletenessPartial.String()); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
 	if err := requireEnum("helmAction", p.HelmAction.String(),
 		semantic.HelmNone.String(), semantic.HelmInstall.String(), semantic.HelmUpgrade.String()); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -44,7 +40,7 @@ func validateRenderable(p semantic.Plan) error {
 	for i, c := range p.Changes {
 		if err := requireEnum(fmt.Sprintf("change %d action", i), c.Action.String(),
 			semantic.Create.String(), semantic.Update.String(),
-			semantic.Delete.String(), semantic.Replace.String()); err != nil {
+			semantic.Delete.String()); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		if err := requireEnum(fmt.Sprintf("change %d origin", i), c.Origin.Kind.String(),
diff --git a/internal/plan/view/prepare_test.go b/internal/plan/view/prepare_test.go
index 9c9d626..120e356 100644
--- a/internal/plan/view/prepare_test.go
+++ b/internal/plan/view/prepare_test.go
@@ -41,25 +41,18 @@ func TestPrepareRender_InvalidEnums(t *testing.T) {
 		plan    semantic.Plan
 		wantErr string
 	}{
-		{
-			name:    "invalid completeness",
-			plan:    semantic.Plan{},
-			wantErr: "invalid completeness",
-		},
 		{
 			name: "invalid action",
 			plan: semantic.Plan{
-				Completeness: semantic.CompletenessComplete,
-				HelmAction:   semantic.HelmUpgrade,
-				Changes:      []semantic.ResourceChange{{Origin: helmOrigin()}},
+				HelmAction: semantic.HelmUpgrade,
+				Changes:    []semantic.ResourceChange{{Origin: helmOrigin()}},
 			},
 			wantErr: "invalid change 0 action",
 		},
 		{
 			name: "invalid origin",
 			plan: semantic.Plan{
-				Completeness: semantic.CompletenessComplete,
-				HelmAction:   semantic.HelmUpgrade,
+				HelmAction: semantic.HelmUpgrade,
 				Changes: []semantic.ResourceChange{{
 					Action: semantic.Create,
 				}},
@@ -69,8 +62,7 @@ func TestPrepareRender_InvalidEnums(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "invalid write method",
 			plan: semantic.Plan{
-				Completeness: semantic.CompletenessComplete,
-				HelmAction:   semantic.HelmUpgrade,
+				HelmAction: semantic.HelmUpgrade,
 				Changes: []semantic.ResourceChange{{
 					Action: semantic.Create,
 					Origin: helmOrigin(),
@@ -82,8 +74,7 @@ func TestPrepareRender_InvalidEnums(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "invalid delete propagation",
 			plan: semantic.Plan{
-				Completeness: semantic.CompletenessComplete,
-				HelmAction:   semantic.HelmUpgrade,
+				HelmAction: semantic.HelmUpgrade,
 				Changes: []semantic.ResourceChange{{
 					Action: semantic.Delete,
 					Origin: helmOrigin(),
@@ -97,15 +88,14 @@ func TestPrepareRender_InvalidEnums(t *testing.T) {
 			plan: func() semantic.Plan {
 				c := validChange()
 				c.Fields = []semantic.FieldChange{{Path: "/data/key"}}
-				return semantic.Plan{Completeness: semantic.CompletenessComplete, HelmAction: semantic.HelmUpgrade, Changes: []semantic.ResourceChange{c}}
+				return semantic.Plan{HelmAction: semantic.HelmUpgrade, Changes: []semantic.ResourceChange{c}}
 			}(),
 			wantErr: "invalid change 0 field 0 op",
 		},
 		{
 			name: "invalid diagnostic severity",
 			plan: semantic.Plan{
-				Completeness: semantic.CompletenessComplete,
-				HelmAction:   semantic.HelmUpgrade,
+				HelmAction: semantic.HelmUpgrade,
 				Diagnostics: []semantic.Diagnostic{{
 					Category: semantic.CategoryPredictionLimitation,
 					Message:  "x",
@@ -116,8 +106,7 @@ func TestPrepareRender_InvalidEnums(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "invalid diagnostic category",
 			plan: semantic.Plan{
-				Completeness: semantic.CompletenessComplete,
-				HelmAction:   semantic.HelmUpgrade,
+				HelmAction: semantic.HelmUpgrade,
 				Diagnostics: []semantic.Diagnostic{{
 					Severity: semantic.DiagnosticWarning,
 					Message:  "x",
diff --git a/internal/plan/view/redact_test.go b/internal/plan/view/redact_test.go
index f2e1d6d..a00a41a 100644
--- a/internal/plan/view/redact_test.go
+++ b/internal/plan/view/redact_test.go
@@ -284,7 +284,6 @@ func TestWriteRenderers_CopyIsolation(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	helm := &semantic.HelmOrigin{Release: "web", Namespace: "prod"}
 	write := &semantic.WriteSemantics{Method: semantic.WriteServerSide, FieldManager: "deployah"}
-	del := &semantic.DeleteSemantics{Propagation: semantic.PropagationBackground}
 	res := ref("Secret", "s")
 	diag := semantic.Diagnostic{
 		Severity: semantic.DiagnosticWarning,
@@ -302,10 +301,10 @@ func TestWriteRenderers_CopyIsolation(t *testing.T) {
 	p, err := semantic.New(semantic.Header{Release: "web", Namespace: "prod"}, semantic.HelmUpgrade, []semantic.ResourceChange{{
 		Resource: res,
 		Origin:   semantic.ResourceOrigin{Kind: semantic.OriginHelm, Helm: helm},
-		Action:   semantic.Replace,
+		Action:   semantic.Update,
 		Before:   snap(beforeObj),
 		After:    snap(secretObj("s", "new", "tok2")),
-		Apply:    semantic.ApplySemantics{Write: write, Delete: del},
+		Apply:    semantic.ApplySemantics{Write: write},
 	}}, nil, []semantic.Diagnostic{diag})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NotEmpty(t, p.Changes[0].Fields)
@@ -313,7 +312,6 @@ func TestWriteRenderers_CopyIsolation(t *testing.T) {
 	fieldAfter := p.Changes[0].Fields[0].After
 	helmRelease := p.Changes[0].Origin.Helm.Release
 	fieldManager := p.Changes[0].Apply.Write.FieldManager
-	propagation := p.Changes[0].Apply.Delete.Propagation
 	diagName := p.Diagnostics[0].Resource.Name
 
 	require.NoError(t, view.WriteHuman(&bytes.Buffer{}, p, view.Options{}))
@@ -321,7 +319,6 @@ func TestWriteRenderers_CopyIsolation(t *testing.T) {
 
 	assert.Equal(t, helmRelease, p.Changes[0].Origin.Helm.Release)
 	assert.Equal(t, fieldManager, p.Changes[0].Apply.Write.FieldManager)
-	assert.Equal(t, propagation, p.Changes[0].Apply.Delete.Propagation)
 	assert.Equal(t, diagName, p.Diagnostics[0].Resource.Name)
 	assert.Equal(t, "old", objectString(t, p.Changes[0].Before.Object, "stringData", "password"))
 	assert.Equal(t, "new", objectString(t, p.Changes[0].After.Object, "stringData", "password"))
@@ -334,9 +331,8 @@ func TestWriteRenderers_CopyIsolation(t *testing.T) {
 func TestWriteRenderers_ManualSnapshotShapes(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	p := semantic.Plan{
-		Completeness: semantic.CompletenessComplete,
-		HelmAction:   semantic.HelmUpgrade,
-		Header:       semantic.Header{Release: "web"},
+		HelmAction: semantic.HelmUpgrade,
+		Header:     semantic.Header{Release: "web"},
 		Changes: []semantic.ResourceChange{
 			{
 				Resource: ref("ConfigMap", "app"),
@@ -376,9 +372,8 @@ func TestWriteRenderers_ManualSnapshotShapes(t *testing.T) {
 func TestWriteRenderers_NilTasks(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	p := semantic.Plan{
-		Completeness: semantic.CompletenessComplete,
-		HelmAction:   semantic.HelmNone,
-		Header:       semantic.Header{Release: "web"},
+		HelmAction: semantic.HelmNone,
+		Header:     semantic.Header{Release: "web"},
 	}
 	assert.Nil(t, p.Tasks)
 	require.NoError(t, view.WriteHuman(&bytes.Buffer{}, p, view.Options{}))
diff --git a/internal/plan/view/schema/semantic_plan.v1.json b/internal/plan/view/schema/semantic_plan.v1.json
index 37f052b..f2eb86c 100644
--- a/internal/plan/view/schema/semantic_plan.v1.json
+++ b/internal/plan/view/schema/semantic_plan.v1.json
@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@
     "tasks",
     "chartCRDs",
     "diagnostics",
-    "summary",
-    "completeness"
+    "summary"
   ],
   "properties": {
     "schema": {
@@ -54,10 +53,6 @@
     },
     "summary": {
       "$ref": "#/$defs/Summary"
-    },
-    "completeness": {
-      "type": "string",
-      "enum": ["complete", "partial"]
     }
   },
   "allOf": [
@@ -218,7 +213,7 @@
         },
         "action": {
           "type": "string",
-          "enum": ["create", "update", "delete", "replace"]
+          "enum": ["create", "update", "delete"]
         },
         "before": {
           "$ref": "#/$defs/Snapshot"
@@ -327,29 +322,6 @@
               }
             }
           }
-        },
-        {
-          "if": {
-            "properties": {
-              "action": {
-                "const": "replace"
-              }
-            },
-            "required": ["action"]
-          },
-          "then": {
-            "properties": {
-              "before": {
-                "type": "object"
-              },
-              "after": {
-                "type": "object"
-              },
-              "apply": {
-                "required": ["write", "delete"]
-              }
-            }
-          }
         }
       ]
     },
@@ -600,7 +572,7 @@
     "Summary": {
       "type": "object",
       "additionalProperties": false,
-      "required": ["create", "update", "delete", "replace", "total"],
+      "required": ["create", "update", "delete", "total"],
       "properties": {
         "create": {
           "type": "integer",
@@ -614,10 +586,6 @@
           "type": "integer",
           "minimum": 0
         },
-        "replace": {
-          "type": "integer",
-          "minimum": 0
-        },
         "total": {
           "type": "integer",
           "minimum": 0
diff --git a/internal/plan/view/schema_test.go b/internal/plan/view/schema_test.go
index 0ea69c5..6bd59ad 100644
--- a/internal/plan/view/schema_test.go
+++ b/internal/plan/view/schema_test.go
@@ -41,9 +41,18 @@ func TestSchemaV1ID_MatchesEmbeddedAndRendered(t *testing.T) {
 	required, ok := sch["required"].([]any)
 	require.True(t, ok)
 	assert.Contains(t, required, "chartCRDs")
+	assert.NotContains(t, required, "completeness")
+	_, hasCompleteness := props["completeness"]
+	assert.False(t, hasCompleteness)
 
 	defs, ok := sch["$defs"].(map[string]any)
 	require.True(t, ok)
+	summary, ok := defs["Summary"].(map[string]any)
+	require.True(t, ok)
+	summaryProps, ok := summary["properties"].(map[string]any)
+	require.True(t, ok)
+	_, hasReplace := summaryProps["replace"]
+	assert.False(t, hasReplace)
 	origin, ok := defs["Origin"].(map[string]any)
 	require.True(t, ok)
 	originProps, ok := origin["properties"].(map[string]any)
@@ -82,14 +91,6 @@ func TestSchemaV1_RejectsMalformedDocuments(t *testing.T) {
 		Before:   snap(cm("app", "v1")),
 		Apply:    deleteApply(),
 	}}, nil))
-	replace := mustPlanDoc(t, mustPlan(t, semantic.HelmUpgrade, []semantic.ResourceChange{{
-		Resource: res,
-		Origin:   helmOrigin(),
-		Action:   semantic.Replace,
-		Before:   snap(cm("app", "v1")),
-		After:    snap(cm("app", "v2")),
-		Apply:    bothApply(),
-	}}, nil))
 	createWrite := mustPlanDoc(t, mustPlan(t, semantic.HelmUpgrade, []semantic.ResourceChange{{
 		Resource: res,
 		Origin:   helmOrigin(),
@@ -182,17 +183,11 @@ func TestSchemaV1_RejectsMalformedDocuments(t *testing.T) {
 		{name: "delete missing delete", raw: patched(t, deleteDoc, func(d map[string]any) {
 			delete(applyOf(t, d), "delete")
 		})},
-		{name: "replace with after null", raw: patched(t, replace, func(d map[string]any) {
-			firstChange(t, d)["after"] = nil
-		})},
-		{name: "replace with before null", raw: patched(t, replace, func(d map[string]any) {
-			firstChange(t, d)["before"] = nil
+		{name: "top-level completeness", raw: patched(t, update, func(d map[string]any) {
+			d["completeness"] = "complete"
 		})},
-		{name: "replace missing write", raw: patched(t, replace, func(d map[string]any) {
-			delete(applyOf(t, d), "write")
-		})},
-		{name: "replace missing delete", raw: patched(t, replace, func(d map[string]any) {
-			delete(applyOf(t, d), "delete")
+		{name: "action replace", raw: patched(t, update, func(d map[string]any) {
+			firstChange(t, d)["action"] = "replace"
 		})},
 		{name: "unknown top-level executions", raw: patched(t, update, func(d map[string]any) {
 			d["executions"] = []any{}
diff --git a/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_all_actions.golden b/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_all_actions.golden
index c4d0868..b2b3e34 100644
--- a/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_all_actions.golden
+++ b/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_all_actions.golden
@@ -33,16 +33,6 @@ Resources
   - data:
   -   key: v1
 
-  -/+ replace v1/ConfigMap "rs"
-    apiVersion: v1
-    kind: ConfigMap
-    metadata:
-      name: rs
-      namespace: prod
-    data:
-  -   key: v1
-  +   key: v2
-
   ~ update v1/ConfigMap "web"
     data:
   -   key: v1
@@ -121,5 +111,5 @@ Tasks
       +   schedule: 0 3 * * *
 
 Summary
-  Resources: 1 create, 2 update, 1 delete, 1 replace
+  Resources: 1 create, 2 update, 1 delete
   Tasks: 3 to run, 1 schedule changed
diff --git a/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_partial.golden b/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_limitation.golden
similarity index 78%
rename from internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_partial.golden
rename to internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_limitation.golden
index 2c83b68..3df5d22 100644
--- a/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_partial.golden
+++ b/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_limitation.golden
@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@ Namespace: prod
 Release:   web
 Revision:  12
 
-Warning: prediction is incomplete
-
 Resources
 
   ~ update v1/ConfigMap "web"
@@ -19,4 +17,4 @@ Diagnostics
   warning prediction_limitation v1/ConfigMap "web": prediction is not exact: managed-fields-migration
 
 Summary
-  Resources: 0 create, 1 update, 0 delete, 0 replace
+  Resources: 0 create, 1 update, 0 delete
diff --git a/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_noop_limitation.golden b/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_noop_limitation.golden
index 7dcb50f..6cd6d46 100644
--- a/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_noop_limitation.golden
+++ b/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_noop_limitation.golden
@@ -5,11 +5,9 @@ Namespace: prod
 Release:   web
 Revision:  12
 
-Warning: prediction is incomplete
-
 Diagnostics
 
   warning prediction_limitation example.com/v1/Widget "app": prediction is not exact: prediction used the currently installed CRD, but that CRD's spec changes before Helm executes
 
 Summary
-  Resources: 0 create, 0 update, 0 delete, 0 replace
+  Resources: 0 create, 0 update, 0 delete
diff --git a/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_prerequisites.golden b/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_prerequisites.golden
index 6a19b3e..ea93219 100644
--- a/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_prerequisites.golden
+++ b/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_prerequisites.golden
@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@ Namespace: prod
 Release:   web
 Revision:  1
 
-Warning: prediction is incomplete
-
 Resources
 
   + create v1/Namespace "prod"
@@ -32,4 +30,4 @@ Diagnostics
   warning prediction_limitation example.com/v1/Widget "app": target namespace is created earlier in this deployment
 
 Summary
-  Resources: 2 create, 0 update, 0 delete, 0 replace
+  Resources: 2 create, 0 update, 0 delete
diff --git a/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_semantic_plan.golden b/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_semantic_plan.golden
index d33aae1..fec8f22 100644
--- a/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_semantic_plan.golden
+++ b/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/human_semantic_plan.golden
@@ -312,5 +312,5 @@ Tasks
       +   schedule: 0 3 * * *
 
 Summary
-  Resources: 1 create, 2 update, 1 delete, 0 replace
+  Resources: 1 create, 2 update, 1 delete
   Tasks: 2 to run, 1 schedule changed
diff --git a/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/json_update.golden b/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/json_update.golden
index 21bdbe4..55f8aa3 100644
--- a/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/json_update.golden
+++ b/internal/plan/view/testdata/golden/json_update.golden
@@ -61,8 +61,6 @@
     "create": 0,
     "update": 1,
     "delete": 0,
-    "replace": 0,
     "total": 1
-  },
-  "completeness": "complete"
+  }
 }