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R5: general AHK mixture and functional representation (AHK umbrella #103) #108

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@cameronfreer

Child of #103; depends on R4 (#107) and R3 (#106). The general (non-dissociated) mixture representation: an arbitrary exchangeable relational law is a mixture of dissociated (ergodic) ones. Two deliverables, split into two sub-issues:

  • R5a — law-level ergodic decomposition: every exchangeable law is a barycenter (Measure.bind) of ergodic exchangeable laws over the invariant σ-algebra. This is the measure-theoretic decomposition, no functional form. Require existence AND uniqueness of the mixing probability measure on the space of ergodic relational laws (the barycenter representation is unique).
  • R5b — functional representation with ξ_∅: the full AHK functional form of a general law, adjoining the global latent ξ_∅ (the empty-tag latent) to the R4 subset-latents; conditioning on ξ_∅ recovers a dissociated law (R4).

Two admissible routes:

  1. direct AHK — prove R5b directly via the Kallenberg representation with ξ_∅, then read off R5a;
  2. mixture-first — prove R5a via the invariant-σ-algebra ergodic decomposition (Mathlib ergodic-theory / M.law-disintegration), then upgrade to R5b using R4 fiberwise.

Caveat on the fiberwise route. "Apply R4 fiberwise" is not free: it needs a measurably chosen family of representing functions over the fibers (a measurable-selection obligation). The direct Kallenberg theorem (route 1) may be the cleaner path, sidestepping the selection. Whether a #62-style measurable-selection obstruction actually arises depends on the route and target space — do not declare measurable selection mandatory up front, but do budget for it on route 2.

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