diff --git a/src/arch/svm/provider.ts b/src/arch/svm/provider.ts
index d8dc51588..993c47487 100644
--- a/src/arch/svm/provider.ts
+++ b/src/arch/svm/provider.ts
@@ -54,3 +54,43 @@ export interface SolanaErrorLike {
 export function isSolanaError(error: unknown): error is SolanaErrorLike {
   return _isSolanaError(error) || is(error, SolanaErrorStruct);
 }
+
+export type SolanaErrorDescription = {
+  name: string;
+  message?: string;
+  code: number;
+  context: SolanaErrorLike["context"];
+  cause?: SolanaErrorDescription | { message: string };
+};
+
+/**
+ * Extract a log-friendly description of a SolanaError. Returns `{}` for non-SolanaError
+ * inputs so callers can spread unconditionally:
+ *   logger.error({ at, message, error: err, ...describeSolanaError(err) });
+ *
+ * Most JSON loggers serialize Errors via `.stack`/`.message`, dropping SolanaError's
+ * `context` (program logs, accounts, unitsConsumed) and `cause` (wrapped TransactionError /
+ * InstructionError). This produces a plain object that survives any standard serializer.
+ */
+export function describeSolanaError(err: unknown): { solanaError?: SolanaErrorDescription } {
+  if (!isSolanaError(err)) {
+    return {};
+  }
+  const solanaError: SolanaErrorDescription = {
+    name: err.name,
+    code: err.context.__code,
+    context: err.context,
+  };
+  if (err instanceof Error) {
+    solanaError.message = err.message;
+  }
+  if (err.cause !== undefined) {
+    const describedCause = describeSolanaError(err.cause);
+    if (describedCause.solanaError) {
+      solanaError.cause = describedCause.solanaError;
+    } else if (err.cause instanceof Error) {
+      solanaError.cause = { message: err.cause.message };
+    }
+  }
+  return { solanaError };
+}
diff --git a/test/providers/solana/describeSolanaError.test.ts b/test/providers/solana/describeSolanaError.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a181bcd07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/providers/solana/describeSolanaError.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+import {
+  describeSolanaError,
+  SVM_TRANSACTION_PREFLIGHT_FAILURE,
+  SVM_SLOT_SKIPPED,
+} from "../../../src/arch/svm/provider";
+import { expect } from "../../utils";
+
+describe("describeSolanaError", () => {
+  it("returns an empty object for non-Solana errors", () => {
+    expect(describeSolanaError(new Error("regular"))).to.deep.equal({});
+    expect(describeSolanaError("oops")).to.deep.equal({});
+    expect(describeSolanaError(undefined)).to.deep.equal({});
+    expect(describeSolanaError(null)).to.deep.equal({});
+    expect(describeSolanaError({ random: "object" })).to.deep.equal({});
+  });
+
+  it("extracts name, code, and context from a SolanaError-like object", () => {
+    const err = {
+      name: "SolanaError",
+      context: {
+        __code: SVM_TRANSACTION_PREFLIGHT_FAILURE,
+        logs: ["Program log: refund leaf already executed"],
+        accounts: null,
+        unitsConsumed: 4321,
+      },
+    };
+
+    const result = describeSolanaError(err);
+    expect(result.solanaError).to.not.be.undefined;
+    expect(result.solanaError?.name).to.equal("SolanaError");
+    expect(result.solanaError?.code).to.equal(SVM_TRANSACTION_PREFLIGHT_FAILURE);
+    expect(result.solanaError?.context).to.deep.equal(err.context);
+    // message field is only populated for real Error instances; the plain object form omits it.
+    expect(result.solanaError?.message).to.be.undefined;
+  });
+
+  it("populates `message` when the input is an Error instance", () => {
+    class FakeSolanaError extends Error {
+      readonly name = "SolanaError";
+      readonly context = { __code: SVM_SLOT_SKIPPED };
+    }
+    const err = new FakeSolanaError("Slot was skipped");
+
+    const result = describeSolanaError(err);
+    expect(result.solanaError?.message).to.equal("Slot was skipped");
+  });
+
+  it("recursively describes a SolanaError cause", () => {
+    const inner = {
+      name: "SolanaError",
+      context: { __code: 4615001, index: 3 },
+    };
+    const outer = {
+      name: "SolanaError",
+      context: { __code: SVM_TRANSACTION_PREFLIGHT_FAILURE, logs: ["Program log: x"] },
+      cause: inner,
+    };
+
+    const result = describeSolanaError(outer);
+    expect(result.solanaError?.cause).to.deep.equal({
+      name: "SolanaError",
+      code: 4615001,
+      context: inner.context,
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("falls back to { message } when the cause is a non-Solana Error", () => {
+    const outer = {
+      name: "SolanaError",
+      context: { __code: SVM_TRANSACTION_PREFLIGHT_FAILURE },
+      cause: new Error("network blip"),
+    };
+
+    const result = describeSolanaError(outer);
+    expect(result.solanaError?.cause).to.deep.equal({ message: "network blip" });
+  });
+
+  it("omits cause when the SolanaError has no cause", () => {
+    const err = {
+      name: "SolanaError",
+      context: { __code: SVM_SLOT_SKIPPED },
+    };
+
+    const result = describeSolanaError(err);
+    expect(result.solanaError?.cause).to.be.undefined;
+  });
+
+  it("survives JSON serialization round-trips (structurally cloned error)", () => {
+    const err = JSON.parse(
+      JSON.stringify({
+        name: "SolanaError",
+        context: { __code: SVM_TRANSACTION_PREFLIGHT_FAILURE, logs: ["a", "b"] },
+        cause: {
+          name: "SolanaError",
+          context: { __code: 4615001 },
+        },
+      })
+    );
+
+    const result = describeSolanaError(err);
+    expect(result.solanaError?.code).to.equal(SVM_TRANSACTION_PREFLIGHT_FAILURE);
+    expect(result.solanaError?.cause).to.deep.include({ code: 4615001 });
+  });
+});