diff --git a/.github/workflows/backend-tests.yaml b/.github/workflows/backend-tests.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5e2b328
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/backend-tests.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+name: Backend Tests
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+
+jobs:
+  check_paths:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      should_run: ${{ steps.filter.outputs.backend }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: dorny/paths-filter@v3.0.2
+        id: filter
+        with:
+          filters: |
+            backend:
+              - 'src/backend/**'
+              - '.github/workflows/backend-tests.yaml'
+
+  test:
+    name: Test Backend
+    needs: check_paths
+    if: ${{ needs.check_paths.outputs.should_run == 'true' }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: ./src/backend
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Install UV
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v5
+
+      - name: Set up Python
+        run: uv python install
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: |
+          uv sync --locked --dev
+
+      - name: Lint with Ruff
+        run: |
+          uv run ruff check --output-format=github --target-version=py313 src tests
+          uv run ruff format --diff --check --target-version=py313 src tests
+
+      - name: Run tests with coverage
+        run: |
+          uv run pytest
diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index 768985f..c8bdd19 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -4,3 +4,12 @@ repos:
     hooks:
       - id: commitizen
         stages: [commit-msg]
+
+  - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
+    # Ruff version.
+    rev: v0.11.6
+    hooks:
+      # Run the linter.
+      - id: ruff
+      # Run the formatter.
+      - id: ruff-format
diff --git a/mise.toml b/mise.toml
index 77d7645..a92fdf7 100644
--- a/mise.toml
+++ b/mise.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 [tools]
 pre-commit = "latest"
 python = "3.13"
+ruff = "latest"
 uv = "latest"
 
 [settings]
diff --git a/src/backend/pyproject.toml b/src/backend/pyproject.toml
index 49dd107..1823918 100644
--- a/src/backend/pyproject.toml
+++ b/src/backend/pyproject.toml
@@ -7,12 +7,19 @@ authors = [{ name = "aadil96", email = "agwan96@gmail.com" }]
 requires-python = ">=3.13"
 dependencies = [
     "fastapi>=0.121.2",
+    "httpx>=0.28.1",
+    "pytest>=9.0.1",
+    "pytest-asyncio>=1.3.0",
+    "ruff>=0.14.5",
     "uvicorn>=0.38.0",
 ]
 
 [project.scripts]
 study-tracker-api = "backend.main:main"
 
+[tool.pytest.ini_options]
+asyncio_default_fixture_loop_scope = "function"
+
 [tool.hatch.build.targets.wheel]
 packages = ["src/backend"]
 
diff --git a/src/backend/tests/__init__.py b/src/backend/tests/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/src/backend/tests/test_config.py b/src/backend/tests/test_config.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eeb6a1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/tests/test_config.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+import os
+from unittest import mock
+
+from backend.config import (
+    APP_NAME,
+    API_HOST,
+    API_PORT,
+    DATA_DIR,
+    CORS_ALLOW_ORIGINS,
+    CORS_ALLOW_METHODS,
+    CORS_ALLOW_HEADERS,
+    CORS_ALLOW_CREDENTIALS,
+)
+
+
+def test_settings_default_values():
+    """Test that Settings has the expected default values."""
+    assert APP_NAME == "DevOps Study Tracker"
+    assert API_HOST == "0.0.0.0"
+    assert API_PORT == 22112
+    assert DATA_DIR.endswith("data")
+
+    # Test CORS default values
+    assert CORS_ALLOW_ORIGINS == ["*"]
+    assert CORS_ALLOW_METHODS == ["*"]
+    assert CORS_ALLOW_HEADERS == ["*"]
+    assert CORS_ALLOW_CREDENTIALS is True
+
+
+@mock.patch.dict(
+    os.environ,
+    {
+        "API_HOST": "127.0.0.1",
+        "API_PORT": "9000",
+        "CORS_ALLOW_ORIGINS": "https://example.com,https://api.example.com",
+        "CORS_ALLOW_METHODS": "GET,POST,PUT",
+        "CORS_ALLOW_HEADERS": "Content-Type,Authorization",
+        "CORS_ALLOW_CREDENTIALS": "false",
+    },
+)
+def test_settings_from_env():
+    """Test that Settings loads values from environment variables."""
+    # Force reload of the config module to get updated environment variables
+    import importlib
+    import backend.config
+
+    importlib.reload(backend.config)
+
+    # Import the settings again after reload
+    from backend.config import (
+        API_HOST,
+        API_PORT,
+        CORS_ALLOW_ORIGINS,
+        CORS_ALLOW_METHODS,
+        CORS_ALLOW_HEADERS,
+        CORS_ALLOW_CREDENTIALS,
+    )
+
+    assert API_HOST == "127.0.0.1"
+    assert API_PORT == 9000
+
+    # Test CORS values from environment
+    assert CORS_ALLOW_ORIGINS == [
+        "https://example.com",
+        "https://api.example.com",
+    ]
+    assert CORS_ALLOW_METHODS == ["GET", "POST", "PUT"]
+    assert CORS_ALLOW_HEADERS == ["Content-Type", "Authorization"]
+    assert CORS_ALLOW_CREDENTIALS is False
diff --git a/src/backend/tests/test_main.py b/src/backend/tests/test_main.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a969aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/tests/test_main.py
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+import pytest
+import pytest_asyncio
+from httpx import AsyncClient
+import os
+import csv
+from unittest import mock
+
+# Import the FastAPI app and models from the proper package path
+from backend.main import app
+from backend.models import StudySessionCreate
+from backend.storage import save_session
+
+# Import the storage module itself
+import backend.storage as storage_module
+
+# Define the path for a temporary test data file using relative paths
+TEST_DATA_FILE = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "test_sessions.csv")
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="session", autouse=True)
+def setup_test_environment():
+    """Fixture to set up the test environment before any tests run."""
+    # Ensure the test data directory exists
+    os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(TEST_DATA_FILE), exist_ok=True)
+
+    # Ensure the test data file does not exist before tests
+    if os.path.exists(TEST_DATA_FILE):
+        os.remove(TEST_DATA_FILE)
+    # Override the SESSIONS_FILE path in the storage module for testing
+    storage_module.SESSIONS_FILE = TEST_DATA_FILE  # Use the imported module alias
+    yield
+    # Clean up the test data file after all tests run
+    if os.path.exists(TEST_DATA_FILE):
+        os.remove(TEST_DATA_FILE)
+
+
+@pytest_asyncio.fixture(scope="function")
+async def client():
+    """Provides an async test client for the FastAPI app."""
+    # Use ASGITransport instead of direct app parameter - newer httpx client syntax
+    from httpx import ASGITransport
+
+    transport = ASGITransport(app=app)
+    async with AsyncClient(transport=transport, base_url="http://test") as client:
+        yield client
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="function", autouse=True)
+def reset_test_data():
+    """Fixture to reset the test data file before each test function."""
+    if os.path.exists(TEST_DATA_FILE):
+        os.remove(TEST_DATA_FILE)
+
+    # Create an empty file with headers using CSV, similar to how the main app does it
+    with open(TEST_DATA_FILE, "w", newline="") as f:
+        writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=["id", "timestamp", "minutes", "tag"])
+        writer.writeheader()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_root(client: AsyncClient):
+    """Test the root endpoint."""
+    response = await client.get("/")
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json() == {"message": "DevOps Study Tracker API"}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_create_session(client: AsyncClient):
+    """Test creating a new study session."""
+    session_data = {"minutes": 30, "tag": "AWS"}
+    response = await client.post("/sessions", json=session_data)
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    data = response.json()
+    assert data["minutes"] == 30
+    assert data["tag"] == "AWS"
+    assert "id" in data
+    assert "timestamp" in data
+
+    # Verify data was saved using CSV
+    with open(TEST_DATA_FILE, "r", newline="") as f:
+        reader = list(csv.DictReader(f))
+        assert len(reader) == 1
+        assert int(reader[0]["minutes"]) == 30
+        assert reader[0]["tag"] == "AWS"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_read_sessions_empty(client: AsyncClient):
+    """Test reading sessions when none exist."""
+    response = await client.get("/sessions")
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json() == []
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_read_sessions_all(client: AsyncClient):
+    """Test reading all sessions."""
+    # Create some sessions first using the storage function directly for setup
+    save_session(
+        StudySessionCreate(minutes=25, tag="Kubernetes")
+    )  # Use imported save_session
+    save_session(StudySessionCreate(minutes=50, tag="AWS"))  # Use imported save_session
+
+    response = await client.get("/sessions")
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    data = response.json()
+    assert len(data) == 2
+    assert data[0]["tag"] == "Kubernetes"
+    assert data[1]["tag"] == "AWS"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_read_sessions_by_tag(client: AsyncClient):
+    """Test reading sessions filtered by tag."""
+    save_session(
+        StudySessionCreate(minutes=25, tag="Kubernetes")
+    )  # Use imported save_session
+    save_session(StudySessionCreate(minutes=50, tag="AWS"))  # Use imported save_session
+    save_session(
+        StudySessionCreate(minutes=15, tag="Kubernetes")
+    )  # Use imported save_session
+
+    response = await client.get("/sessions?tag=Kubernetes")
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    data = response.json()
+    assert len(data) == 2
+    assert all(item["tag"] == "Kubernetes" for item in data)
+
+    response = await client.get("/sessions?tag=AWS")
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    data = response.json()
+    assert len(data) == 1
+    assert data[0]["tag"] == "AWS"
+
+    response = await client.get("/sessions?tag=NonExistent")
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json() == []
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_read_stats(client: AsyncClient):
+    """Test reading statistics."""
+    save_session(
+        StudySessionCreate(minutes=25, tag="Kubernetes")
+    )  # Use imported save_session
+    save_session(StudySessionCreate(minutes=50, tag="AWS"))  # Use imported save_session
+    save_session(
+        StudySessionCreate(minutes=15, tag="Kubernetes")
+    )  # Use imported save_session
+
+    response = await client.get("/stats")
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    data = response.json()
+    assert data["total_sessions"] == 3
+    assert data["total_time"] == 90  # 25 + 50 + 15
+    assert "time_by_tag" in data
+    assert data["sessions_by_tag"]["Kubernetes"] == 2
+    assert data["sessions_by_tag"]["AWS"] == 1
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_read_stats_empty(client: AsyncClient):
+    """Test reading statistics when no sessions exist."""
+    response = await client.get("/stats")
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    data = response.json()
+    assert data["total_sessions"] == 0
+    assert data["total_time"] == 0
+    assert data["time_by_tag"] == {}
+    assert data["sessions_by_tag"] == {}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_error_handling_create_session(client: AsyncClient, monkeypatch):
+    """Test error handling in create_session endpoint."""
+
+    # Mock save_session to raise an exception
+    def mock_save_session(*args, **kwargs):
+        raise Exception("Test error")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr("backend.main.save_session", mock_save_session)
+
+    session_data = {"minutes": 30, "tag": "AWS"}
+    response = await client.post("/sessions", json=session_data)
+    assert response.status_code == 500
+    assert "Error creating session" in response.json()["detail"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_error_handling_read_sessions(client: AsyncClient, monkeypatch):
+    """Test error handling in read_sessions endpoint."""
+
+    # Mock get_all_sessions to raise an exception
+    def mock_get_all_sessions(*args, **kwargs):
+        raise Exception("Test error")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr("backend.main.get_all_sessions", mock_get_all_sessions)
+
+    response = await client.get("/sessions")
+    assert response.status_code == 500
+    assert "Error fetching sessions" in response.json()["detail"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_error_handling_read_sessions_by_tag(client: AsyncClient, monkeypatch):
+    """Test error handling in read_sessions endpoint with tag filter."""
+
+    # Mock get_sessions_by_tag to raise an exception
+    def mock_get_sessions_by_tag(*args, **kwargs):
+        raise Exception("Test error")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr("backend.main.get_sessions_by_tag", mock_get_sessions_by_tag)
+
+    response = await client.get("/sessions?tag=AWS")
+    assert response.status_code == 500
+    assert "Error fetching sessions" in response.json()["detail"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_error_handling_read_stats(client: AsyncClient, monkeypatch):
+    """Test error handling in read_stats endpoint."""
+
+    # Mock get_statistics to raise an exception
+    def mock_get_statistics(*args, **kwargs):
+        raise Exception("Test error")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr("backend.main.get_statistics", mock_get_statistics)
+
+    response = await client.get("/stats")
+    assert response.status_code == 500
+    assert "Error fetching statistics" in response.json()["detail"]
+
+
+# Test for the main function
+def test_main_function(monkeypatch):
+    """Test the main() function that starts the uvicorn server."""
+    # Mock uvicorn.run to prevent actually starting the server
+    mock_run = mock.Mock()
+    monkeypatch.setattr("uvicorn.run", mock_run)
+
+    # Call the main function
+    from backend.main import main
+
+    main()
+
+    # Check that uvicorn.run was called with the expected arguments
+    mock_run.assert_called_once_with(
+        "backend.main:app", host="0.0.0.0", port=22112, reload=True
+    )
diff --git a/src/backend/tests/test_storage.py b/src/backend/tests/test_storage.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3dbf23b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/tests/test_storage.py
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+import pytest
+from datetime import datetime
+import os
+import uuid
+import csv
+
+# Import functions and variables from storage.py using new package structure
+from backend.storage import (
+    save_session,
+    get_all_sessions,
+    get_sessions_by_tag,
+    get_statistics,
+)
+from backend.models import StudySessionCreate, StudySession
+
+# Import the storage module itself
+import backend.storage as storage_module
+
+
+# Define the path for a temporary test data file using relative paths
+TEST_DATA_FILE = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "test_storage_sessions.csv")
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module", autouse=True)
+def setup_test_data_file():
+    """Fixture to set up the test data file path for the storage module tests."""
+    # Ensure the test data directory exists
+    os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(TEST_DATA_FILE), exist_ok=True)
+
+    original_data_file = storage_module.SESSIONS_FILE  # Use alias
+    # Override the SESSIONS_FILE path in the storage module for testing
+    storage_module.SESSIONS_FILE = TEST_DATA_FILE  # Use alias
+    yield
+    # Restore the original data file path and clean up
+    storage_module.SESSIONS_FILE = original_data_file  # Use alias
+    if os.path.exists(TEST_DATA_FILE):
+        os.remove(TEST_DATA_FILE)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="function", autouse=True)
+def reset_test_data():
+    """Fixture to reset the test data file before each test function."""
+    if os.path.exists(TEST_DATA_FILE):
+        os.remove(TEST_DATA_FILE)
+    # Create an empty file with headers using CSV
+    with open(TEST_DATA_FILE, "w", newline="") as f:
+        writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=["id", "timestamp", "minutes", "tag"])
+        writer.writeheader()
+
+
+def test_save_session():
+    """Test saving a single session."""
+    session_create = StudySessionCreate(minutes=45, tag="Terraform")
+    saved_session = save_session(session_create)
+
+    assert isinstance(saved_session, StudySession)
+    assert saved_session.minutes == 45
+    assert saved_session.tag == "Terraform"
+    assert isinstance(saved_session.id, str)  # ID is stored as string in the model
+    assert uuid.UUID(saved_session.id)  # Verify it's a valid UUID string
+    assert isinstance(saved_session.timestamp, datetime)
+
+    # Verify with CSV reader
+    with open(TEST_DATA_FILE, "r", newline="") as f:
+        reader = list(csv.DictReader(f))
+        assert len(reader) == 1
+        assert int(reader[0]["minutes"]) == 45
+        assert reader[0]["tag"] == "Terraform"
+        assert saved_session.id == reader[0]["id"]  # Compare as strings
+
+
+def test_save_multiple_sessions():
+    """Test saving multiple sessions sequentially."""
+    save_session(StudySessionCreate(minutes=30, tag="Docker"))
+    save_session(StudySessionCreate(minutes=60, tag="Python"))
+
+    with open(TEST_DATA_FILE, "r", newline="") as f:
+        reader = list(csv.DictReader(f))
+        assert len(reader) == 2
+        assert reader[0]["tag"] == "Docker"
+        assert reader[1]["tag"] == "Python"
+
+
+def test_get_all_sessions():
+    """Test retrieving all sessions."""
+    save_session(StudySessionCreate(minutes=20, tag="Git"))
+    save_session(StudySessionCreate(minutes=40, tag="CI/CD"))
+
+    sessions = get_all_sessions()
+    assert len(sessions) == 2
+    assert isinstance(sessions[0], StudySession)
+    assert sessions[0].tag == "Git"
+    assert sessions[1].tag == "CI/CD"
+
+
+def test_get_all_sessions_empty():
+    """Test retrieving all sessions when none exist."""
+    sessions = get_all_sessions()
+    assert sessions == []
+
+
+def test_get_sessions_by_tag():
+    """Test retrieving sessions filtered by tag."""
+    save_session(StudySessionCreate(minutes=25, tag="AWS"))
+    save_session(StudySessionCreate(minutes=55, tag="Azure"))
+    save_session(StudySessionCreate(minutes=35, tag="AWS"))
+
+    aws_sessions = get_sessions_by_tag("AWS")
+    assert len(aws_sessions) == 2
+    assert all(s.tag == "AWS" for s in aws_sessions)
+
+    azure_sessions = get_sessions_by_tag("Azure")
+    assert len(azure_sessions) == 1
+    assert azure_sessions[0].tag == "Azure"
+
+    gcp_sessions = get_sessions_by_tag("GCP")
+    assert gcp_sessions == []
+
+
+def test_get_statistics():
+    """Test calculating statistics."""
+    save_session(StudySessionCreate(minutes=10, tag="Linux"))
+    save_session(StudySessionCreate(minutes=20, tag="Networking"))
+    save_session(StudySessionCreate(minutes=30, tag="Linux"))
+
+    stats = get_statistics()
+    assert stats.total_sessions == 3
+    assert stats.total_time == 60  # 10 + 20 + 30
+    # Calculate average manually if needed
+    average_minutes = stats.total_time / stats.total_sessions
+    assert average_minutes == 20.0
+    assert stats.sessions_by_tag == {"Linux": 2, "Networking": 1}
+
+
+def test_get_statistics_empty():
+    """Test calculating statistics when no sessions exist."""
+    stats = get_statistics()
+    assert stats.total_sessions == 0
+    assert stats.total_time == 0
+    # Can't calculate average with zero sessions
+    assert stats.time_by_tag == {}
+    assert stats.sessions_by_tag == {}
+
+
+def test_create_and_read_sessions():
+    """Test creating sessions and then reading them back."""
+    # Create test CSV file with two sessions
+    with open(TEST_DATA_FILE, "w", newline="") as f:
+        writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=["id", "timestamp", "minutes", "tag"])
+        writer.writeheader()
+        writer.writerow(
+            {
+                "id": str(uuid.uuid4()),
+                "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat(),
+                "minutes": 15,
+                "tag": "TestTag1",
+            }
+        )
+        writer.writerow(
+            {
+                "id": str(uuid.uuid4()),
+                "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat(),
+                "minutes": 45,
+                "tag": "TestTag2",
+            }
+        )
+
+    # Read sessions
+    sessions = get_all_sessions()
+    assert len(sessions) == 2
+    assert sessions[0].tag == "TestTag1"
+    assert sessions[1].minutes == 45
+
+
+def test_file_not_exists_handling():
+    """Test handling when the data file doesn't exist."""
+    # Rename the test file temporarily
+    if os.path.exists(TEST_DATA_FILE):
+        os.rename(TEST_DATA_FILE, f"{TEST_DATA_FILE}.bak")
+
+    try:
+        # This should create the data file
+        sessions = get_all_sessions()
+        assert sessions == []
+
+        # Verify the file was created with headers
+        with open(TEST_DATA_FILE, "r", newline="") as f:
+            content = f.read()
+            assert "id,timestamp,minutes,tag" in content
+    finally:
+        # Restore the original file if it existed
+        if os.path.exists(f"{TEST_DATA_FILE}.bak"):
+            if os.path.exists(TEST_DATA_FILE):
+                os.remove(TEST_DATA_FILE)
+            os.rename(f"{TEST_DATA_FILE}.bak", TEST_DATA_FILE)
diff --git a/src/backend/uv.lock b/src/backend/uv.lock
index a6ed303..ddfcf5b 100644
--- a/src/backend/uv.lock
+++ b/src/backend/uv.lock
@@ -33,6 +33,15 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/15/b3/9b1a8074496371342ec1e796a96f99c82c945a339cd81a8e73de28b4cf9e/anyio-4.11.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:0287e96f4d26d4149305414d4e3bc32f0dcd0862365a4bddea19d7a1ec38c4fc", size = 109097, upload-time = "2025-09-23T09:19:10.601Z" },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "certifi"
+version = "2025.11.12"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a2/8c/58f469717fa48465e4a50c014a0400602d3c437d7c0c468e17ada824da3a/certifi-2025.11.12.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:d8ab5478f2ecd78af242878415affce761ca6bc54a22a27e026d7c25357c3316", size = 160538, upload-time = "2025-11-12T02:54:51.517Z" }
+wheels = [
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