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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="1.illustrate.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> 项目简介</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="1.1.Design.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> 方案设计</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="1.2.Plan.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> 开发计划与进展</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="1.3.explain.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> 项目分工与目录说明</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="2.Bitcomet_Design.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> Bitcomet设计文档</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="2.1.Bitcomet方案概述.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Bitcomet方案分析</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="2.2.Bitcomet方案设计与主要工作.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Bitcomet方案设计与主要工作</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Bitcomet实现</div></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="3.1安卓图形架构中的HAL模块.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Bitcomet图形架构HAL模块实现</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="3.2关于Anbox中图形渲染分析与总结.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Bitcomet图形渲染实现</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="3.3Anbox实现分析-容器管理服务.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> Anbox分析资料：Anbox容器管理服务</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="3.4.Anbox实现分析-IO模型.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> Anbox分析资料：IO 模型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="3.5.Anbox实现分析-会话管理器与容器管理器的通信.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Anbox分析资料：会话管理器与容器管理器的通信</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="4.Bitcomet实验测试.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> Bitcomet实验测试</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="5.run.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> 使用教程</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div><strong aria-hidden="true">6.</strong> 项目记录</div></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="6.1.record.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.1.</strong> 问题记录与总结</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="6.2.experience.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.2.</strong> 比赛收获</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="7.Bitcomet未来展望与参考文献.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.</strong> Bitcomet未来展望与参考文献</a></li></ol>
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<h2 id="11-方案设计"><a class="header" href="#11-方案设计">1.1 方案设计</a></h2>
<center><img src=images/anbox11.png></center>
<center>图1.3 Linux系统运行Android 11的解决方案架构图</center>
<p> 此项目基于原有Anbox方案进行<strong>更新及改进</strong>。我们<strong>改进</strong>使用基于Docker容器技术提供隔离的、与Linux并行运行的安卓环境，此种改进是对原有LXC容器的<strong>更优替代</strong>。但是该改进需要重新适配与调试，需要大量移植与测试的工作量才能保证维持原有稳定性，并更好地利用更多的新特性开发新的功能。除此之外<strong>更新</strong>新的Android 11替代原有Android 7，此过程需要重新移植原有Anbox的各个组件适配新安卓上的HIDL接口。同时需要修改Android底层，经过大量的移植和测试的工作，让其能正常运行在Docker容器中。此项目利用Anbox部分现成的模块，在Linux下上层APP实现与安卓底层对接输入输出和OpenGL ES的渲染等实现。这些设计目标在于使用Docker<strong>替代</strong>原有Anbox使用的较旧的LXC容器技术，并<strong>更新</strong>其Android 7到Android 11，其中技术革新点如下：<br />
(1). 使用更新的Android 11替代原有老旧的Android 7。<br />
(2). Android 11中的HAL层使用了HIDL接口这一新的Treble的架构，更加规范及更高的可移植性。<br />
(3). 使用生态丰富、快速部署、可移植、更加可控的Docker作为底层容器运行环境替代原有集成LXC这一高耦合、低可移植性的实现方式。<br />
(4). 活用成熟的Anbox部分对多平台高兼容性的实现方式，以应对目前国产系统多种硬件平台和系统环境的问题。</p>
<p>在以上的设计方案下，我们针对其各个部分进行详细设计，详细方案见“<strong>Bitcomet设计文档</strong>”。</p>
<p> (1). 底层部分：Docker下的安卓11容器设计：</p>
<center><img src=images/design/Anbox11_in_Docker.png></center>
<center>图1.4 Bitcomet实现底层部分设计框架图</center>
<p> • <strong>高可移植设计</strong>：使用了Docker便集成了Docker相关的优点，Docker相比原有LXC有可移植性、版本控制、回滚、快速部署等优点。同时原有LXC容器与Anbox进行了高度集成，在目前多平台和可移植性考量下，原有Anbox的系统镜像与各个配置选项都不能方便地进行更改，这将会导致我们适配到国产系统中遇到重重困难。<br />
• <strong>快速迭代更新</strong>：使用Docker提供底层容器运行环境，利用其快速部署的优点，可以使Android 11更加灵活地运行在目标平台。<br />
• <strong>高效的数据管理</strong>：利用Docker的版本控制和回滚特性，设计恢复出厂设置并清空用户数据的功能，并为以后Android镜像更新时能够快速部署，及时把新版本推送做准备。<br />
• <strong>较高系统安全性</strong>：把安卓放在密封的容器当中，其外部访问数据都通过QEMU pipe交给上层Anbox前端应用接管，其应用也只有基本的输入输出功能，安全性较高。<br />
• <strong>极低的运行损耗</strong>：通过容器直接基于现有系统Linux内核运行，并基于Linux内核特性进行容器隔离，这一方案提高了稳定性并降低了运行损耗。<br />
(2). 中间层：安卓中运行qemud提供QEMU pipe这一高速管道与上层通信：</p>
<center><img src=images/design/Anbox11_IO_Model.png></center>
<center>图1.5 Bitcomet中间层部分设计原理图</center>
<p> • <strong>成熟的通信方案</strong>：这一通信方案基于成熟的Anbox的通信这一部分的功能实现，其上层Session Manager提供接口，由安卓和Anbox两端利用相应API把接口打开进行通信。其实现方案最早可以追溯到2013年的谷歌Goldfish的Android模拟器实现并且沿用至今，实现了Android与Linux的之间通信的兼容性与健壮性并存的实现方式。<br />
• <strong>便捷的交互方式</strong>：本方案在安卓与Linux之间的通信方案设计基于QEMU pipe这一高速通道，直接在Android与Linux之间打通一个灵活的通信渠道。本方案不用考虑需要的具体通信实现，直接在安卓HAL层服务和上层Anbox前端应用中打开相应通道进行安卓与Linux对接的数据通信。</p>
<p> (3). 上层部分：Anbox通过QEMU pipe与底层通信，接收安卓的渲染信息渲染以及音频在上层APP输出，把上层前端APP的输入和状态传递给安卓。</p>
<center><img src=images/design/Anbox11_in_Linux.png></center>
<center>图1.6 Bitcomet上层部分设计原理图</center>
<p> • <strong>兼容性高</strong>：主要体现在Linux下对Anbox的兼容性，这一方案的设计把安卓需要与Linux交互和获取的数据都通过QEMU pipe传输给Linux处理，上层Anbox前端不依赖硬件。尤其是渲染也是调用系统现有OpenGL库实现，兼容性相比虚拟机来说更高。<br />
• <strong>易用性高</strong>：通过上层Anbox应用接管底层安卓的输入输出等部分，相当于把安卓应用直接映射给了Linux应用。这一操作安卓应用非常接近使用Linux应用的方式，极大的提高了其易用性，操作起来也更加简单。</p>
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