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Basic Linux Commands

Navigating Directories

cd foldername
Navigate to the directory named foldername.
```
cd foldername
```
cd ..
Move to the parent directory of the current directory.
```
cd ..
```

Listing Files and Directories

ls
Display a list of files and directories in the current directory.
```
ls
```
ls -a
Show all files and directories, including hidden ones (those starting with .).
```
ls -a
```

Creating Files and Directories

mkdir foldername
Create a new directory named foldername.
```
mkdir foldername
```
touch filename.txt
Create an empty file named filename.txt.
```
touch filename.txt
```

Editing and Viewing Files

vi file.txt
Open file.txt in the vi editor for editing. Press i to insert text and :wq to save and exit.
```
vi file.txt
```
cat file.txt
Display the contents of file.txt in the terminal.
```
cat file.txt
```

Deleting Files

rm -rf file.txt
Permanently delete file.txt. Use caution, as this action is irreversible.
```
rm -rf file.txt
```