From cb5ddf40e0582c5d80f2bc35d2a54201dbf9d7fa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: NAMRITHA-ND <106884461+NAMRITHA-ND@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 18 Nov 2022 22:20:45 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 1/2] Create NAMRITHA.N.D

---
 NAMRITHA.N.D | 10 ++++++++++
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 NAMRITHA.N.D

diff --git a/NAMRITHA.N.D b/NAMRITHA.N.D
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b9c086b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/NAMRITHA.N.D
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+- **Name** - {NAMRITHA.N.D}
+- **Roll Number** - {111121078}
+- **Field(s) of interest** - {C,C++,ALGORITHMS}
+- **Contributed repositories** - {singhofen
+Rustam-Z
+}
+- **PRs raised** - {https://github.com/singhofen/c-programming/pull/3
+https://github.com/Rustam-Z/cpp-projects/pull/1
+https://github.com/singhofen/c-programming/pull/2
+https://github.com/Rustam-Z/cpp-projects/pull/2}

From 31ba751719b8ba7705807512967416ba7b8d2791 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: NAMRITHA-ND <106884461+NAMRITHA-ND@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 10 Sep 2023 20:01:25 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] Created using Colaboratory

---
 Parkinson's_Disease_Detection.ipynb | 2115 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 2115 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 Parkinson's_Disease_Detection.ipynb

diff --git a/Parkinson's_Disease_Detection.ipynb b/Parkinson's_Disease_Detection.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9bbefc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Parkinson's_Disease_Detection.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,2115 @@
+{
+  "nbformat": 4,
+  "nbformat_minor": 0,
+  "metadata": {
+    "colab": {
+      "provenance": [],
+      "include_colab_link": true
+    },
+    "kernelspec": {
+      "name": "python3",
+      "display_name": "Python 3"
+    },
+    "language_info": {
+      "name": "python"
+    }
+  },
+  "cells": [
+    {
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "view-in-github",
+        "colab_type": "text"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "<a href=\"https://colab.research.google.com/github/NAMRITHA-ND/Inductions-22/blob/main/Parkinson's_Disease_Detection.ipynb\" target=\"_parent\"><img src=\"https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg\" alt=\"Open In Colab\"/></a>"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "9B5Zl1UOBMAJ"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "Importing the Dependencies"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "YOCpZ1Vm6cfW"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "import numpy as np\n",
+        "import pandas as pd\n",
+        "from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split\n",
+        "from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler\n",
+        "from sklearn import svm\n",
+        "from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 1,
+      "outputs": []
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "PZm-USrtB_q4"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "Data Collection & Analysis"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "5YC2lGuVBiZA"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "# loading the data from csv file to a Pandas DataFrame\n",
+        "parkinsons_data = pd.read_csv('//content/archive (2).zip')"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 3,
+      "outputs": []
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "colab": {
+          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
+          "height": 255
+        },
+        "id": "Iw8z6w60Djd2",
+        "outputId": "44847e06-bf5d-4994-de32-a93550dcf794"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "# printing the first 5 rows of the dataframe\n",
+        "parkinsons_data.head()"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 4,
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "output_type": "execute_result",
+          "data": {
+            "text/plain": [
+              "             name  MDVP:Fo(Hz)  MDVP:Fhi(Hz)  MDVP:Flo(Hz)  MDVP:Jitter(%)  \\\n",
+              "0  phon_R01_S01_1      119.992       157.302        74.997         0.00784   \n",
+              "1  phon_R01_S01_2      122.400       148.650       113.819         0.00968   \n",
+              "2  phon_R01_S01_3      116.682       131.111       111.555         0.01050   \n",
+              "3  phon_R01_S01_4      116.676       137.871       111.366         0.00997   \n",
+              "4  phon_R01_S01_5      116.014       141.781       110.655         0.01284   \n",
+              "\n",
+              "   MDVP:Jitter(Abs)  MDVP:RAP  MDVP:PPQ  Jitter:DDP  MDVP:Shimmer  ...  \\\n",
+              "0           0.00007   0.00370   0.00554     0.01109       0.04374  ...   \n",
+              "1           0.00008   0.00465   0.00696     0.01394       0.06134  ...   \n",
+              "2           0.00009   0.00544   0.00781     0.01633       0.05233  ...   \n",
+              "3           0.00009   0.00502   0.00698     0.01505       0.05492  ...   \n",
+              "4           0.00011   0.00655   0.00908     0.01966       0.06425  ...   \n",
+              "\n",
+              "   Shimmer:DDA      NHR     HNR  status      RPDE       DFA   spread1  \\\n",
+              "0      0.06545  0.02211  21.033       1  0.414783  0.815285 -4.813031   \n",
+              "1      0.09403  0.01929  19.085       1  0.458359  0.819521 -4.075192   \n",
+              "2      0.08270  0.01309  20.651       1  0.429895  0.825288 -4.443179   \n",
+              "3      0.08771  0.01353  20.644       1  0.434969  0.819235 -4.117501   \n",
+              "4      0.10470  0.01767  19.649       1  0.417356  0.823484 -3.747787   \n",
+              "\n",
+              "    spread2        D2       PPE  \n",
+              "0  0.266482  2.301442  0.284654  \n",
+              "1  0.335590  2.486855  0.368674  \n",
+              "2  0.311173  2.342259  0.332634  \n",
+              "3  0.334147  2.405554  0.368975  \n",
+              "4  0.234513  2.332180  0.410335  \n",
+              "\n",
+              "[5 rows x 24 columns]"
+            ],
+            "text/html": [
+              "\n",
+              "  <div id=\"df-82676b7d-8563-4ac1-a24a-aeb8eb47ba7d\" class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
+              "    <div>\n",
+              "<style scoped>\n",
+              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
+              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
+              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
+              "        text-align: right;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "</style>\n",
+              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
+              "  <thead>\n",
+              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th>name</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Fo(Hz)</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Fhi(Hz)</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Flo(Hz)</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Jitter(%)</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Jitter(Abs)</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:RAP</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:PPQ</th>\n",
+              "      <th>Jitter:DDP</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Shimmer</th>\n",
+              "      <th>...</th>\n",
+              "      <th>Shimmer:DDA</th>\n",
+              "      <th>NHR</th>\n",
+              "      <th>HNR</th>\n",
+              "      <th>status</th>\n",
+              "      <th>RPDE</th>\n",
+              "      <th>DFA</th>\n",
+              "      <th>spread1</th>\n",
+              "      <th>spread2</th>\n",
+              "      <th>D2</th>\n",
+              "      <th>PPE</th>\n",
+              "    </tr>\n",
+              "  </thead>\n",
+              "  <tbody>\n",
+              "    <tr>\n",
+              "      <th>0</th>\n",
+              "      <td>phon_R01_S01_1</td>\n",
+              "      <td>119.992</td>\n",
+              "      <td>157.302</td>\n",
+              "      <td>74.997</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.00784</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.00007</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.00370</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.00554</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.01109</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.04374</td>\n",
+              "      <td>...</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.06545</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.02211</td>\n",
+              "      <td>21.033</td>\n",
+              "      <td>1</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.414783</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.815285</td>\n",
+              "      <td>-4.813031</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.266482</td>\n",
+              "      <td>2.301442</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.284654</td>\n",
+              "    </tr>\n",
+              "    <tr>\n",
+              "      <th>1</th>\n",
+              "      <td>phon_R01_S01_2</td>\n",
+              "      <td>122.400</td>\n",
+              "      <td>148.650</td>\n",
+              "      <td>113.819</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.00968</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.00008</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.00465</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.00696</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.01394</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.06134</td>\n",
+              "      <td>...</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.09403</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.01929</td>\n",
+              "      <td>19.085</td>\n",
+              "      <td>1</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.458359</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.819521</td>\n",
+              "      <td>-4.075192</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.335590</td>\n",
+              "      <td>2.486855</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.368674</td>\n",
+              "    </tr>\n",
+              "    <tr>\n",
+              "      <th>2</th>\n",
+              "      <td>phon_R01_S01_3</td>\n",
+              "      <td>116.682</td>\n",
+              "      <td>131.111</td>\n",
+              "      <td>111.555</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.01050</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.00009</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.00544</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.00781</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.01633</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.05233</td>\n",
+              "      <td>...</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.08270</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.01309</td>\n",
+              "      <td>20.651</td>\n",
+              "      <td>1</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.429895</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.825288</td>\n",
+              "      <td>-4.443179</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.311173</td>\n",
+              "      <td>2.342259</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.332634</td>\n",
+              "    </tr>\n",
+              "    <tr>\n",
+              "      <th>3</th>\n",
+              "      <td>phon_R01_S01_4</td>\n",
+              "      <td>116.676</td>\n",
+              "      <td>137.871</td>\n",
+              "      <td>111.366</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.00997</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.00009</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.00502</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.00698</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.01505</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.05492</td>\n",
+              "      <td>...</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.08771</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.01353</td>\n",
+              "      <td>20.644</td>\n",
+              "      <td>1</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.434969</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.819235</td>\n",
+              "      <td>-4.117501</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.334147</td>\n",
+              "      <td>2.405554</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.368975</td>\n",
+              "    </tr>\n",
+              "    <tr>\n",
+              "      <th>4</th>\n",
+              "      <td>phon_R01_S01_5</td>\n",
+              "      <td>116.014</td>\n",
+              "      <td>141.781</td>\n",
+              "      <td>110.655</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.01284</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.00011</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.00655</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.00908</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.01966</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.06425</td>\n",
+              "      <td>...</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.10470</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.01767</td>\n",
+              "      <td>19.649</td>\n",
+              "      <td>1</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.417356</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.823484</td>\n",
+              "      <td>-3.747787</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.234513</td>\n",
+              "      <td>2.332180</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.410335</td>\n",
+              "    </tr>\n",
+              "  </tbody>\n",
+              "</table>\n",
+              "<p>5 rows × 24 columns</p>\n",
+              "</div>\n",
+              "    <div class=\"colab-df-buttons\">\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
+              "    <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-82676b7d-8563-4ac1-a24a-aeb8eb47ba7d')\"\n",
+              "            title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
+              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\" viewBox=\"0 -960 960 960\">\n",
+              "    <path d=\"M120-120v-720h720v720H120Zm60-500h600v-160H180v160Zm220 220h160v-160H400v160Zm0 220h160v-160H400v160ZM180-400h160v-160H180v160Zm440 0h160v-160H620v160ZM180-180h160v-160H180v160Zm440 0h160v-160H620v160Z\"/>\n",
+              "  </svg>\n",
+              "    </button>\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  <style>\n",
+              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
+              "      display:flex;\n",
+              "      gap: 12px;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
+              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
+              "      border: none;\n",
+              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
+              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
+              "      display: none;\n",
+              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
+              "      height: 32px;\n",
+              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
+              "      width: 32px;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
+              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
+              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
+              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    .colab-df-buttons div {\n",
+              "      margin-bottom: 4px;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
+              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
+              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
+              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
+              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
+              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
+              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "  </style>\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    <script>\n",
+              "      const buttonEl =\n",
+              "        document.querySelector('#df-82676b7d-8563-4ac1-a24a-aeb8eb47ba7d button.colab-df-convert');\n",
+              "      buttonEl.style.display =\n",
+              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
+              "\n",
+              "      async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
+              "        const element = document.querySelector('#df-82676b7d-8563-4ac1-a24a-aeb8eb47ba7d');\n",
+              "        const dataTable =\n",
+              "          await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
+              "                                                    [key], {});\n",
+              "        if (!dataTable) return;\n",
+              "\n",
+              "        const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
+              "          '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
+              "          + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
+              "        element.innerHTML = '';\n",
+              "        dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
+              "        await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
+              "        const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
+              "        docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
+              "        element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
+              "      }\n",
+              "    </script>\n",
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+              "\n",
+              "\n",
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+              "            title=\"Suggest charts.\"\n",
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+              "\n",
+              "<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
+              "     width=\"24px\">\n",
+              "    <g>\n",
+              "        <path d=\"M19 3H5c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h14c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V5c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zM9 17H7v-7h2v7zm4 0h-2V7h2v10zm4 0h-2v-4h2v4z\"/>\n",
+              "    </g>\n",
+              "</svg>\n",
+              "  </button>\n",
+              "\n",
+              "<style>\n",
+              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
+              "      --bg-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
+              "      --fill-color: #1967D2;\n",
+              "      --hover-bg-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
+              "      --hover-fill-color: #174EA6;\n",
+              "      --disabled-fill-color: #AAA;\n",
+              "      --disabled-bg-color: #DDD;\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  [theme=dark] .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
+              "      --bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
+              "      --fill-color: #D2E3FC;\n",
+              "      --hover-bg-color: #434B5C;\n",
+              "      --hover-fill-color: #FFFFFF;\n",
+              "      --disabled-bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
+              "      --disabled-fill-color: #666;\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
+              "    background-color: var(--bg-color);\n",
+              "    border: none;\n",
+              "    border-radius: 50%;\n",
+              "    cursor: pointer;\n",
+              "    display: none;\n",
+              "    fill: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    height: 32px;\n",
+              "    padding: 0;\n",
+              "    width: 32px;\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  .colab-df-quickchart:hover {\n",
+              "    background-color: var(--hover-bg-color);\n",
+              "    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
+              "    fill: var(--button-hover-fill-color);\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled,\n",
+              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled:hover {\n",
+              "    background-color: var(--disabled-bg-color);\n",
+              "    fill: var(--disabled-fill-color);\n",
+              "    box-shadow: none;\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  .colab-df-spinner {\n",
+              "    border: 2px solid var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "    border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    animation:\n",
+              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
+              "    0% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    20% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    30% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    40% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    60% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    80% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    90% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "</style>\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  <script>\n",
+              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
+              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
+              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
+              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
+              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
+              "      try {\n",
+              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
+              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
+              "      } catch (error) {\n",
+              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
+              "      }\n",
+              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
+              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    (() => {\n",
+              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
+              "        document.querySelector('#df-8114d98f-07ef-428c-98cf-042f2ee71eff button');\n",
+              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
+              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
+              "    })();\n",
+              "  </script>\n",
+              "</div>\n",
+              "    </div>\n",
+              "  </div>\n"
+            ]
+          },
+          "metadata": {},
+          "execution_count": 4
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "colab": {
+          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
+        },
+        "id": "cK7L_o2TDuZb",
+        "outputId": "6844b691-6725-4d4a-f5a8-5e81006e393f"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "# number of rows and columns in the dataframe\n",
+        "parkinsons_data.shape"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 5,
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "output_type": "execute_result",
+          "data": {
+            "text/plain": [
+              "(195, 24)"
+            ]
+          },
+          "metadata": {},
+          "execution_count": 5
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "colab": {
+          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
+        },
+        "id": "NLmzHIgnEGi4",
+        "outputId": "c890c824-d2d1-47a8-f3c6-343dd0b4d33e"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "# getting more information about the dataset\n",
+        "parkinsons_data.info()"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 6,
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "output_type": "stream",
+          "name": "stdout",
+          "text": [
+            "<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>\n",
+            "RangeIndex: 195 entries, 0 to 194\n",
+            "Data columns (total 24 columns):\n",
+            " #   Column            Non-Null Count  Dtype  \n",
+            "---  ------            --------------  -----  \n",
+            " 0   name              195 non-null    object \n",
+            " 1   MDVP:Fo(Hz)       195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 2   MDVP:Fhi(Hz)      195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 3   MDVP:Flo(Hz)      195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 4   MDVP:Jitter(%)    195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 5   MDVP:Jitter(Abs)  195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 6   MDVP:RAP          195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 7   MDVP:PPQ          195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 8   Jitter:DDP        195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 9   MDVP:Shimmer      195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 10  MDVP:Shimmer(dB)  195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 11  Shimmer:APQ3      195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 12  Shimmer:APQ5      195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 13  MDVP:APQ          195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 14  Shimmer:DDA       195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 15  NHR               195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 16  HNR               195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 17  status            195 non-null    int64  \n",
+            " 18  RPDE              195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 19  DFA               195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 20  spread1           195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 21  spread2           195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 22  D2                195 non-null    float64\n",
+            " 23  PPE               195 non-null    float64\n",
+            "dtypes: float64(22), int64(1), object(1)\n",
+            "memory usage: 36.7+ KB\n"
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "colab": {
+          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
+        },
+        "id": "70rgu_k4ET9F",
+        "outputId": "b5945a66-135a-4f5e-cfa7-d50ba1539311"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "# checking for missing values in each column\n",
+        "parkinsons_data.isnull().sum()"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 7,
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "output_type": "execute_result",
+          "data": {
+            "text/plain": [
+              "name                0\n",
+              "MDVP:Fo(Hz)         0\n",
+              "MDVP:Fhi(Hz)        0\n",
+              "MDVP:Flo(Hz)        0\n",
+              "MDVP:Jitter(%)      0\n",
+              "MDVP:Jitter(Abs)    0\n",
+              "MDVP:RAP            0\n",
+              "MDVP:PPQ            0\n",
+              "Jitter:DDP          0\n",
+              "MDVP:Shimmer        0\n",
+              "MDVP:Shimmer(dB)    0\n",
+              "Shimmer:APQ3        0\n",
+              "Shimmer:APQ5        0\n",
+              "MDVP:APQ            0\n",
+              "Shimmer:DDA         0\n",
+              "NHR                 0\n",
+              "HNR                 0\n",
+              "status              0\n",
+              "RPDE                0\n",
+              "DFA                 0\n",
+              "spread1             0\n",
+              "spread2             0\n",
+              "D2                  0\n",
+              "PPE                 0\n",
+              "dtype: int64"
+            ]
+          },
+          "metadata": {},
+          "execution_count": 7
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "colab": {
+          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
+          "height": 349
+        },
+        "id": "1AxFu0-nEhSA",
+        "outputId": "06fd3206-556f-4063-e4e7-2f0e287dacfc"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "# getting some statistical measures about the data\n",
+        "parkinsons_data.describe()"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 8,
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "output_type": "execute_result",
+          "data": {
+            "text/plain": [
+              "       MDVP:Fo(Hz)  MDVP:Fhi(Hz)  MDVP:Flo(Hz)  MDVP:Jitter(%)  \\\n",
+              "count   195.000000    195.000000    195.000000      195.000000   \n",
+              "mean    154.228641    197.104918    116.324631        0.006220   \n",
+              "std      41.390065     91.491548     43.521413        0.004848   \n",
+              "min      88.333000    102.145000     65.476000        0.001680   \n",
+              "25%     117.572000    134.862500     84.291000        0.003460   \n",
+              "50%     148.790000    175.829000    104.315000        0.004940   \n",
+              "75%     182.769000    224.205500    140.018500        0.007365   \n",
+              "max     260.105000    592.030000    239.170000        0.033160   \n",
+              "\n",
+              "       MDVP:Jitter(Abs)    MDVP:RAP    MDVP:PPQ  Jitter:DDP  MDVP:Shimmer  \\\n",
+              "count        195.000000  195.000000  195.000000  195.000000    195.000000   \n",
+              "mean           0.000044    0.003306    0.003446    0.009920      0.029709   \n",
+              "std            0.000035    0.002968    0.002759    0.008903      0.018857   \n",
+              "min            0.000007    0.000680    0.000920    0.002040      0.009540   \n",
+              "25%            0.000020    0.001660    0.001860    0.004985      0.016505   \n",
+              "50%            0.000030    0.002500    0.002690    0.007490      0.022970   \n",
+              "75%            0.000060    0.003835    0.003955    0.011505      0.037885   \n",
+              "max            0.000260    0.021440    0.019580    0.064330      0.119080   \n",
+              "\n",
+              "       MDVP:Shimmer(dB)  ...  Shimmer:DDA         NHR         HNR      status  \\\n",
+              "count        195.000000  ...   195.000000  195.000000  195.000000  195.000000   \n",
+              "mean           0.282251  ...     0.046993    0.024847   21.885974    0.753846   \n",
+              "std            0.194877  ...     0.030459    0.040418    4.425764    0.431878   \n",
+              "min            0.085000  ...     0.013640    0.000650    8.441000    0.000000   \n",
+              "25%            0.148500  ...     0.024735    0.005925   19.198000    1.000000   \n",
+              "50%            0.221000  ...     0.038360    0.011660   22.085000    1.000000   \n",
+              "75%            0.350000  ...     0.060795    0.025640   25.075500    1.000000   \n",
+              "max            1.302000  ...     0.169420    0.314820   33.047000    1.000000   \n",
+              "\n",
+              "             RPDE         DFA     spread1     spread2          D2         PPE  \n",
+              "count  195.000000  195.000000  195.000000  195.000000  195.000000  195.000000  \n",
+              "mean     0.498536    0.718099   -5.684397    0.226510    2.381826    0.206552  \n",
+              "std      0.103942    0.055336    1.090208    0.083406    0.382799    0.090119  \n",
+              "min      0.256570    0.574282   -7.964984    0.006274    1.423287    0.044539  \n",
+              "25%      0.421306    0.674758   -6.450096    0.174351    2.099125    0.137451  \n",
+              "50%      0.495954    0.722254   -5.720868    0.218885    2.361532    0.194052  \n",
+              "75%      0.587562    0.761881   -5.046192    0.279234    2.636456    0.252980  \n",
+              "max      0.685151    0.825288   -2.434031    0.450493    3.671155    0.527367  \n",
+              "\n",
+              "[8 rows x 23 columns]"
+            ],
+            "text/html": [
+              "\n",
+              "  <div id=\"df-6213fabb-499d-46dc-a1b6-427298d83c4b\" class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
+              "    <div>\n",
+              "<style scoped>\n",
+              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
+              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
+              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
+              "        text-align: right;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "</style>\n",
+              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
+              "  <thead>\n",
+              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Fo(Hz)</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Fhi(Hz)</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Flo(Hz)</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Jitter(%)</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Jitter(Abs)</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:RAP</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:PPQ</th>\n",
+              "      <th>Jitter:DDP</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Shimmer</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Shimmer(dB)</th>\n",
+              "      <th>...</th>\n",
+              "      <th>Shimmer:DDA</th>\n",
+              "      <th>NHR</th>\n",
+              "      <th>HNR</th>\n",
+              "      <th>status</th>\n",
+              "      <th>RPDE</th>\n",
+              "      <th>DFA</th>\n",
+              "      <th>spread1</th>\n",
+              "      <th>spread2</th>\n",
+              "      <th>D2</th>\n",
+              "      <th>PPE</th>\n",
+              "    </tr>\n",
+              "  </thead>\n",
+              "  <tbody>\n",
+              "    <tr>\n",
+              "      <th>count</th>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>...</td>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>195.000000</td>\n",
+              "    </tr>\n",
+              "    <tr>\n",
+              "      <th>mean</th>\n",
+              "      <td>154.228641</td>\n",
+              "      <td>197.104918</td>\n",
+              "      <td>116.324631</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.006220</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.000044</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.003306</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.003446</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.009920</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.029709</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.282251</td>\n",
+              "      <td>...</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.046993</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.024847</td>\n",
+              "      <td>21.885974</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.753846</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.498536</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.718099</td>\n",
+              "      <td>-5.684397</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.226510</td>\n",
+              "      <td>2.381826</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.206552</td>\n",
+              "    </tr>\n",
+              "    <tr>\n",
+              "      <th>std</th>\n",
+              "      <td>41.390065</td>\n",
+              "      <td>91.491548</td>\n",
+              "      <td>43.521413</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.004848</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.000035</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.002968</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.002759</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.008903</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.018857</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.194877</td>\n",
+              "      <td>...</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.030459</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.040418</td>\n",
+              "      <td>4.425764</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.431878</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.103942</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.055336</td>\n",
+              "      <td>1.090208</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.083406</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.382799</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.090119</td>\n",
+              "    </tr>\n",
+              "    <tr>\n",
+              "      <th>min</th>\n",
+              "      <td>88.333000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>102.145000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>65.476000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.001680</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.000007</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.000680</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.000920</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.002040</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.009540</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.085000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>...</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.013640</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.000650</td>\n",
+              "      <td>8.441000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.256570</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.574282</td>\n",
+              "      <td>-7.964984</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.006274</td>\n",
+              "      <td>1.423287</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.044539</td>\n",
+              "    </tr>\n",
+              "    <tr>\n",
+              "      <th>25%</th>\n",
+              "      <td>117.572000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>134.862500</td>\n",
+              "      <td>84.291000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.003460</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.000020</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.001660</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.001860</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.004985</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.016505</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.148500</td>\n",
+              "      <td>...</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.024735</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.005925</td>\n",
+              "      <td>19.198000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>1.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.421306</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.674758</td>\n",
+              "      <td>-6.450096</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.174351</td>\n",
+              "      <td>2.099125</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.137451</td>\n",
+              "    </tr>\n",
+              "    <tr>\n",
+              "      <th>50%</th>\n",
+              "      <td>148.790000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>175.829000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>104.315000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.004940</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.000030</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.002500</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.002690</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.007490</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.022970</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.221000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>...</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.038360</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.011660</td>\n",
+              "      <td>22.085000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>1.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.495954</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.722254</td>\n",
+              "      <td>-5.720868</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.218885</td>\n",
+              "      <td>2.361532</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.194052</td>\n",
+              "    </tr>\n",
+              "    <tr>\n",
+              "      <th>75%</th>\n",
+              "      <td>182.769000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>224.205500</td>\n",
+              "      <td>140.018500</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.007365</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.000060</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.003835</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.003955</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.011505</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.037885</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.350000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>...</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.060795</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.025640</td>\n",
+              "      <td>25.075500</td>\n",
+              "      <td>1.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.587562</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.761881</td>\n",
+              "      <td>-5.046192</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.279234</td>\n",
+              "      <td>2.636456</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.252980</td>\n",
+              "    </tr>\n",
+              "    <tr>\n",
+              "      <th>max</th>\n",
+              "      <td>260.105000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>592.030000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>239.170000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.033160</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.000260</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.021440</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.019580</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.064330</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.119080</td>\n",
+              "      <td>1.302000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>...</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.169420</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.314820</td>\n",
+              "      <td>33.047000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>1.000000</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.685151</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.825288</td>\n",
+              "      <td>-2.434031</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.450493</td>\n",
+              "      <td>3.671155</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.527367</td>\n",
+              "    </tr>\n",
+              "  </tbody>\n",
+              "</table>\n",
+              "<p>8 rows × 23 columns</p>\n",
+              "</div>\n",
+              "    <div class=\"colab-df-buttons\">\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
+              "    <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-6213fabb-499d-46dc-a1b6-427298d83c4b')\"\n",
+              "            title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
+              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\" viewBox=\"0 -960 960 960\">\n",
+              "    <path d=\"M120-120v-720h720v720H120Zm60-500h600v-160H180v160Zm220 220h160v-160H400v160Zm0 220h160v-160H400v160ZM180-400h160v-160H180v160Zm440 0h160v-160H620v160ZM180-180h160v-160H180v160Zm440 0h160v-160H620v160Z\"/>\n",
+              "  </svg>\n",
+              "    </button>\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  <style>\n",
+              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
+              "      display:flex;\n",
+              "      gap: 12px;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
+              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
+              "      border: none;\n",
+              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
+              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
+              "      display: none;\n",
+              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
+              "      height: 32px;\n",
+              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
+              "      width: 32px;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
+              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
+              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
+              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    .colab-df-buttons div {\n",
+              "      margin-bottom: 4px;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
+              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
+              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
+              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
+              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
+              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
+              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "  </style>\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    <script>\n",
+              "      const buttonEl =\n",
+              "        document.querySelector('#df-6213fabb-499d-46dc-a1b6-427298d83c4b button.colab-df-convert');\n",
+              "      buttonEl.style.display =\n",
+              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
+              "\n",
+              "      async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
+              "        const element = document.querySelector('#df-6213fabb-499d-46dc-a1b6-427298d83c4b');\n",
+              "        const dataTable =\n",
+              "          await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
+              "                                                    [key], {});\n",
+              "        if (!dataTable) return;\n",
+              "\n",
+              "        const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
+              "          '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
+              "          + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
+              "        element.innerHTML = '';\n",
+              "        dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
+              "        await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
+              "        const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
+              "        docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
+              "        element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
+              "      }\n",
+              "    </script>\n",
+              "  </div>\n",
+              "\n",
+              "\n",
+              "<div id=\"df-a62d126b-b913-45a3-a4e2-c8265fbbbe1f\">\n",
+              "  <button class=\"colab-df-quickchart\" onclick=\"quickchart('df-a62d126b-b913-45a3-a4e2-c8265fbbbe1f')\"\n",
+              "            title=\"Suggest charts.\"\n",
+              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
+              "\n",
+              "<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
+              "     width=\"24px\">\n",
+              "    <g>\n",
+              "        <path d=\"M19 3H5c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h14c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V5c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zM9 17H7v-7h2v7zm4 0h-2V7h2v10zm4 0h-2v-4h2v4z\"/>\n",
+              "    </g>\n",
+              "</svg>\n",
+              "  </button>\n",
+              "\n",
+              "<style>\n",
+              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
+              "      --bg-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
+              "      --fill-color: #1967D2;\n",
+              "      --hover-bg-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
+              "      --hover-fill-color: #174EA6;\n",
+              "      --disabled-fill-color: #AAA;\n",
+              "      --disabled-bg-color: #DDD;\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  [theme=dark] .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
+              "      --bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
+              "      --fill-color: #D2E3FC;\n",
+              "      --hover-bg-color: #434B5C;\n",
+              "      --hover-fill-color: #FFFFFF;\n",
+              "      --disabled-bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
+              "      --disabled-fill-color: #666;\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
+              "    background-color: var(--bg-color);\n",
+              "    border: none;\n",
+              "    border-radius: 50%;\n",
+              "    cursor: pointer;\n",
+              "    display: none;\n",
+              "    fill: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    height: 32px;\n",
+              "    padding: 0;\n",
+              "    width: 32px;\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  .colab-df-quickchart:hover {\n",
+              "    background-color: var(--hover-bg-color);\n",
+              "    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
+              "    fill: var(--button-hover-fill-color);\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled,\n",
+              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled:hover {\n",
+              "    background-color: var(--disabled-bg-color);\n",
+              "    fill: var(--disabled-fill-color);\n",
+              "    box-shadow: none;\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  .colab-df-spinner {\n",
+              "    border: 2px solid var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "    border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    animation:\n",
+              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
+              "    0% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    20% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    30% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    40% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    60% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    80% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    90% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "</style>\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  <script>\n",
+              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
+              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
+              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
+              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
+              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
+              "      try {\n",
+              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
+              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
+              "      } catch (error) {\n",
+              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
+              "      }\n",
+              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
+              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    (() => {\n",
+              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
+              "        document.querySelector('#df-a62d126b-b913-45a3-a4e2-c8265fbbbe1f button');\n",
+              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
+              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
+              "    })();\n",
+              "  </script>\n",
+              "</div>\n",
+              "    </div>\n",
+              "  </div>\n"
+            ]
+          },
+          "metadata": {},
+          "execution_count": 8
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "colab": {
+          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
+        },
+        "id": "3O8AclzwExyH",
+        "outputId": "5b50fe71-fb1d-4d33-eab6-21fe5a63c696"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "# distribution of target Variable\n",
+        "parkinsons_data['status'].value_counts()"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 9,
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "output_type": "execute_result",
+          "data": {
+            "text/plain": [
+              "1    147\n",
+              "0     48\n",
+              "Name: status, dtype: int64"
+            ]
+          },
+          "metadata": {},
+          "execution_count": 9
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "L1srlxtEFYfN"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "1  --> Parkinson's Positive\n",
+        "\n",
+        "0 --> Healthy\n"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "colab": {
+          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
+          "height": 229
+        },
+        "id": "zUrPan7CFTMq",
+        "outputId": "0f2cf940-1c23-478d-9186-a45c57d71a62"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "# grouping the data bas3ed on the target variable\n",
+        "parkinsons_data.groupby('status').mean()"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 10,
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "output_type": "stream",
+          "name": "stderr",
+          "text": [
+            "<ipython-input-10-fe279e55666c>:2: FutureWarning: The default value of numeric_only in DataFrameGroupBy.mean is deprecated. In a future version, numeric_only will default to False. Either specify numeric_only or select only columns which should be valid for the function.\n",
+            "  parkinsons_data.groupby('status').mean()\n"
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          "output_type": "execute_result",
+          "data": {
+            "text/plain": [
+              "        MDVP:Fo(Hz)  MDVP:Fhi(Hz)  MDVP:Flo(Hz)  MDVP:Jitter(%)  \\\n",
+              "status                                                            \n",
+              "0        181.937771    223.636750    145.207292        0.003866   \n",
+              "1        145.180762    188.441463    106.893558        0.006989   \n",
+              "\n",
+              "        MDVP:Jitter(Abs)  MDVP:RAP  MDVP:PPQ  Jitter:DDP  MDVP:Shimmer  \\\n",
+              "status                                                                   \n",
+              "0               0.000023  0.001925  0.002056    0.005776      0.017615   \n",
+              "1               0.000051  0.003757  0.003900    0.011273      0.033658   \n",
+              "\n",
+              "        MDVP:Shimmer(dB)  ...  MDVP:APQ  Shimmer:DDA       NHR        HNR  \\\n",
+              "status                    ...                                               \n",
+              "0               0.162958  ...  0.013305     0.028511  0.011483  24.678750   \n",
+              "1               0.321204  ...  0.027600     0.053027  0.029211  20.974048   \n",
+              "\n",
+              "            RPDE       DFA   spread1   spread2        D2       PPE  \n",
+              "status                                                              \n",
+              "0       0.442552  0.695716 -6.759264  0.160292  2.154491  0.123017  \n",
+              "1       0.516816  0.725408 -5.333420  0.248133  2.456058  0.233828  \n",
+              "\n",
+              "[2 rows x 22 columns]"
+            ],
+            "text/html": [
+              "\n",
+              "  <div id=\"df-76a09f22-2856-4031-9022-fc36b8cc448b\" class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
+              "    <div>\n",
+              "<style scoped>\n",
+              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
+              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
+              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
+              "        text-align: right;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "</style>\n",
+              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
+              "  <thead>\n",
+              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Fo(Hz)</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Fhi(Hz)</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Flo(Hz)</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Jitter(%)</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Jitter(Abs)</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:RAP</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:PPQ</th>\n",
+              "      <th>Jitter:DDP</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Shimmer</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:Shimmer(dB)</th>\n",
+              "      <th>...</th>\n",
+              "      <th>MDVP:APQ</th>\n",
+              "      <th>Shimmer:DDA</th>\n",
+              "      <th>NHR</th>\n",
+              "      <th>HNR</th>\n",
+              "      <th>RPDE</th>\n",
+              "      <th>DFA</th>\n",
+              "      <th>spread1</th>\n",
+              "      <th>spread2</th>\n",
+              "      <th>D2</th>\n",
+              "      <th>PPE</th>\n",
+              "    </tr>\n",
+              "    <tr>\n",
+              "      <th>status</th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "      <th></th>\n",
+              "    </tr>\n",
+              "  </thead>\n",
+              "  <tbody>\n",
+              "    <tr>\n",
+              "      <th>0</th>\n",
+              "      <td>181.937771</td>\n",
+              "      <td>223.636750</td>\n",
+              "      <td>145.207292</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.003866</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.000023</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.001925</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.002056</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.005776</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.017615</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.162958</td>\n",
+              "      <td>...</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.013305</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.028511</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.011483</td>\n",
+              "      <td>24.678750</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.442552</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.695716</td>\n",
+              "      <td>-6.759264</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.160292</td>\n",
+              "      <td>2.154491</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.123017</td>\n",
+              "    </tr>\n",
+              "    <tr>\n",
+              "      <th>1</th>\n",
+              "      <td>145.180762</td>\n",
+              "      <td>188.441463</td>\n",
+              "      <td>106.893558</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.006989</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.000051</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.003757</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.003900</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.011273</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.033658</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.321204</td>\n",
+              "      <td>...</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.027600</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.053027</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.029211</td>\n",
+              "      <td>20.974048</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.516816</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.725408</td>\n",
+              "      <td>-5.333420</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.248133</td>\n",
+              "      <td>2.456058</td>\n",
+              "      <td>0.233828</td>\n",
+              "    </tr>\n",
+              "  </tbody>\n",
+              "</table>\n",
+              "<p>2 rows × 22 columns</p>\n",
+              "</div>\n",
+              "    <div class=\"colab-df-buttons\">\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
+              "    <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-76a09f22-2856-4031-9022-fc36b8cc448b')\"\n",
+              "            title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
+              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\" viewBox=\"0 -960 960 960\">\n",
+              "    <path d=\"M120-120v-720h720v720H120Zm60-500h600v-160H180v160Zm220 220h160v-160H400v160Zm0 220h160v-160H400v160ZM180-400h160v-160H180v160Zm440 0h160v-160H620v160ZM180-180h160v-160H180v160Zm440 0h160v-160H620v160Z\"/>\n",
+              "  </svg>\n",
+              "    </button>\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  <style>\n",
+              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
+              "      display:flex;\n",
+              "      gap: 12px;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
+              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
+              "      border: none;\n",
+              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
+              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
+              "      display: none;\n",
+              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
+              "      height: 32px;\n",
+              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
+              "      width: 32px;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
+              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
+              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
+              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    .colab-df-buttons div {\n",
+              "      margin-bottom: 4px;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
+              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
+              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
+              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
+              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
+              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
+              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "  </style>\n",
+              "\n",
+              "    <script>\n",
+              "      const buttonEl =\n",
+              "        document.querySelector('#df-76a09f22-2856-4031-9022-fc36b8cc448b button.colab-df-convert');\n",
+              "      buttonEl.style.display =\n",
+              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
+              "\n",
+              "      async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
+              "        const element = document.querySelector('#df-76a09f22-2856-4031-9022-fc36b8cc448b');\n",
+              "        const dataTable =\n",
+              "          await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
+              "                                                    [key], {});\n",
+              "        if (!dataTable) return;\n",
+              "\n",
+              "        const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
+              "          '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
+              "          + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
+              "        element.innerHTML = '';\n",
+              "        dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
+              "        await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
+              "        const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
+              "        docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
+              "        element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
+              "      }\n",
+              "    </script>\n",
+              "  </div>\n",
+              "\n",
+              "\n",
+              "<div id=\"df-8a9ccd4e-782b-4be3-8215-2eb0b69a810a\">\n",
+              "  <button class=\"colab-df-quickchart\" onclick=\"quickchart('df-8a9ccd4e-782b-4be3-8215-2eb0b69a810a')\"\n",
+              "            title=\"Suggest charts.\"\n",
+              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
+              "\n",
+              "<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
+              "     width=\"24px\">\n",
+              "    <g>\n",
+              "        <path d=\"M19 3H5c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h14c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V5c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zM9 17H7v-7h2v7zm4 0h-2V7h2v10zm4 0h-2v-4h2v4z\"/>\n",
+              "    </g>\n",
+              "</svg>\n",
+              "  </button>\n",
+              "\n",
+              "<style>\n",
+              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
+              "      --bg-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
+              "      --fill-color: #1967D2;\n",
+              "      --hover-bg-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
+              "      --hover-fill-color: #174EA6;\n",
+              "      --disabled-fill-color: #AAA;\n",
+              "      --disabled-bg-color: #DDD;\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  [theme=dark] .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
+              "      --bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
+              "      --fill-color: #D2E3FC;\n",
+              "      --hover-bg-color: #434B5C;\n",
+              "      --hover-fill-color: #FFFFFF;\n",
+              "      --disabled-bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
+              "      --disabled-fill-color: #666;\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
+              "    background-color: var(--bg-color);\n",
+              "    border: none;\n",
+              "    border-radius: 50%;\n",
+              "    cursor: pointer;\n",
+              "    display: none;\n",
+              "    fill: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    height: 32px;\n",
+              "    padding: 0;\n",
+              "    width: 32px;\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  .colab-df-quickchart:hover {\n",
+              "    background-color: var(--hover-bg-color);\n",
+              "    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
+              "    fill: var(--button-hover-fill-color);\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled,\n",
+              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled:hover {\n",
+              "    background-color: var(--disabled-bg-color);\n",
+              "    fill: var(--disabled-fill-color);\n",
+              "    box-shadow: none;\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  .colab-df-spinner {\n",
+              "    border: 2px solid var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "    border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    animation:\n",
+              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
+              "    0% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    20% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    30% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    40% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    60% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    80% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    90% {\n",
+              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
+              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "  }\n",
+              "</style>\n",
+              "\n",
+              "  <script>\n",
+              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
+              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
+              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
+              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
+              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
+              "      try {\n",
+              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
+              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
+              "      } catch (error) {\n",
+              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
+              "      }\n",
+              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
+              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
+              "    }\n",
+              "    (() => {\n",
+              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
+              "        document.querySelector('#df-8a9ccd4e-782b-4be3-8215-2eb0b69a810a button');\n",
+              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
+              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
+              "    })();\n",
+              "  </script>\n",
+              "</div>\n",
+              "    </div>\n",
+              "  </div>\n"
+            ]
+          },
+          "metadata": {},
+          "execution_count": 10
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "8RY6c0waGSs7"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "Data Pre-Processing"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "We7sRYu7Gc4q"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "Separating the features & Target"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "UAcz8jFnFuzH"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "X = parkinsons_data.drop(columns=['name','status'], axis=1)\n",
+        "Y = parkinsons_data['status']"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 11,
+      "outputs": []
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "colab": {
+          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
+        },
+        "id": "guRof_8WG1Yn",
+        "outputId": "f51fdb78-1cd0-40fd-fd7f-5c7fc5ab5105"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "print(X)"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 12,
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "output_type": "stream",
+          "name": "stdout",
+          "text": [
+            "     MDVP:Fo(Hz)  MDVP:Fhi(Hz)  MDVP:Flo(Hz)  MDVP:Jitter(%)  \\\n",
+            "0        119.992       157.302        74.997         0.00784   \n",
+            "1        122.400       148.650       113.819         0.00968   \n",
+            "2        116.682       131.111       111.555         0.01050   \n",
+            "3        116.676       137.871       111.366         0.00997   \n",
+            "4        116.014       141.781       110.655         0.01284   \n",
+            "..           ...           ...           ...             ...   \n",
+            "190      174.188       230.978        94.261         0.00459   \n",
+            "191      209.516       253.017        89.488         0.00564   \n",
+            "192      174.688       240.005        74.287         0.01360   \n",
+            "193      198.764       396.961        74.904         0.00740   \n",
+            "194      214.289       260.277        77.973         0.00567   \n",
+            "\n",
+            "     MDVP:Jitter(Abs)  MDVP:RAP  MDVP:PPQ  Jitter:DDP  MDVP:Shimmer  \\\n",
+            "0             0.00007   0.00370   0.00554     0.01109       0.04374   \n",
+            "1             0.00008   0.00465   0.00696     0.01394       0.06134   \n",
+            "2             0.00009   0.00544   0.00781     0.01633       0.05233   \n",
+            "3             0.00009   0.00502   0.00698     0.01505       0.05492   \n",
+            "4             0.00011   0.00655   0.00908     0.01966       0.06425   \n",
+            "..                ...       ...       ...         ...           ...   \n",
+            "190           0.00003   0.00263   0.00259     0.00790       0.04087   \n",
+            "191           0.00003   0.00331   0.00292     0.00994       0.02751   \n",
+            "192           0.00008   0.00624   0.00564     0.01873       0.02308   \n",
+            "193           0.00004   0.00370   0.00390     0.01109       0.02296   \n",
+            "194           0.00003   0.00295   0.00317     0.00885       0.01884   \n",
+            "\n",
+            "     MDVP:Shimmer(dB)  ...  MDVP:APQ  Shimmer:DDA      NHR     HNR      RPDE  \\\n",
+            "0               0.426  ...   0.02971      0.06545  0.02211  21.033  0.414783   \n",
+            "1               0.626  ...   0.04368      0.09403  0.01929  19.085  0.458359   \n",
+            "2               0.482  ...   0.03590      0.08270  0.01309  20.651  0.429895   \n",
+            "3               0.517  ...   0.03772      0.08771  0.01353  20.644  0.434969   \n",
+            "4               0.584  ...   0.04465      0.10470  0.01767  19.649  0.417356   \n",
+            "..                ...  ...       ...          ...      ...     ...       ...   \n",
+            "190             0.405  ...   0.02745      0.07008  0.02764  19.517  0.448439   \n",
+            "191             0.263  ...   0.01879      0.04812  0.01810  19.147  0.431674   \n",
+            "192             0.256  ...   0.01667      0.03804  0.10715  17.883  0.407567   \n",
+            "193             0.241  ...   0.01588      0.03794  0.07223  19.020  0.451221   \n",
+            "194             0.190  ...   0.01373      0.03078  0.04398  21.209  0.462803   \n",
+            "\n",
+            "          DFA   spread1   spread2        D2       PPE  \n",
+            "0    0.815285 -4.813031  0.266482  2.301442  0.284654  \n",
+            "1    0.819521 -4.075192  0.335590  2.486855  0.368674  \n",
+            "2    0.825288 -4.443179  0.311173  2.342259  0.332634  \n",
+            "3    0.819235 -4.117501  0.334147  2.405554  0.368975  \n",
+            "4    0.823484 -3.747787  0.234513  2.332180  0.410335  \n",
+            "..        ...       ...       ...       ...       ...  \n",
+            "190  0.657899 -6.538586  0.121952  2.657476  0.133050  \n",
+            "191  0.683244 -6.195325  0.129303  2.784312  0.168895  \n",
+            "192  0.655683 -6.787197  0.158453  2.679772  0.131728  \n",
+            "193  0.643956 -6.744577  0.207454  2.138608  0.123306  \n",
+            "194  0.664357 -5.724056  0.190667  2.555477  0.148569  \n",
+            "\n",
+            "[195 rows x 22 columns]\n"
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "colab": {
+          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
+        },
+        "id": "xSNrvkJoG3cY",
+        "outputId": "b0e66817-58da-4646-8abf-c1195166a7fc"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "print(Y)"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 13,
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "output_type": "stream",
+          "name": "stdout",
+          "text": [
+            "0      1\n",
+            "1      1\n",
+            "2      1\n",
+            "3      1\n",
+            "4      1\n",
+            "      ..\n",
+            "190    0\n",
+            "191    0\n",
+            "192    0\n",
+            "193    0\n",
+            "194    0\n",
+            "Name: status, Length: 195, dtype: int64\n"
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "WDeqEaaHHBAS"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "Splitting the data to training data & Test data"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "4c6nrCiVG6NB"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "X_train, X_test, Y_train, Y_test = train_test_split(X, Y, test_size=0.2, random_state=2)"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 14,
+      "outputs": []
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "colab": {
+          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
+        },
+        "id": "6OqUka96H35c",
+        "outputId": "69f4294b-1cfa-4021-b3eb-d48f7a20ed6b"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "print(X.shape, X_train.shape, X_test.shape)"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 15,
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "output_type": "stream",
+          "name": "stdout",
+          "text": [
+            "(195, 22) (156, 22) (39, 22)\n"
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "ACsXtFTGIFU-"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "Data Standardization"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "DbpeUHeUH-4A"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "scaler = StandardScaler()"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 16,
+      "outputs": []
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "colab": {
+          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
+          "height": 74
+        },
+        "id": "MVkVqUbhIdBs",
+        "outputId": "110ed2a3-6c93-4d6c-88e1-a4fe2ee133b3"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "scaler.fit(X_train)"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 17,
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "output_type": "execute_result",
+          "data": {
+            "text/plain": [
+              "StandardScaler()"
+            ],
+            "text/html": [
+              "<style>#sk-container-id-1 {color: black;background-color: white;}#sk-container-id-1 pre{padding: 0;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-toggleable {background-color: white;}#sk-container-id-1 label.sk-toggleable__label {cursor: pointer;display: block;width: 100%;margin-bottom: 0;padding: 0.3em;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: center;}#sk-container-id-1 label.sk-toggleable__label-arrow:before {content: \"▸\";float: left;margin-right: 0.25em;color: #696969;}#sk-container-id-1 label.sk-toggleable__label-arrow:hover:before {color: black;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-estimator:hover label.sk-toggleable__label-arrow:before {color: black;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-toggleable__content {max-height: 0;max-width: 0;overflow: hidden;text-align: left;background-color: #f0f8ff;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-toggleable__content pre {margin: 0.2em;color: black;border-radius: 0.25em;background-color: #f0f8ff;}#sk-container-id-1 input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~div.sk-toggleable__content {max-height: 200px;max-width: 100%;overflow: auto;}#sk-container-id-1 input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~label.sk-toggleable__label-arrow:before {content: \"▾\";}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-estimator input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~label.sk-toggleable__label {background-color: #d4ebff;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-label input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~label.sk-toggleable__label {background-color: #d4ebff;}#sk-container-id-1 input.sk-hidden--visually {border: 0;clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);height: 1px;margin: -1px;overflow: hidden;padding: 0;position: absolute;width: 1px;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-estimator {font-family: monospace;background-color: #f0f8ff;border: 1px dotted black;border-radius: 0.25em;box-sizing: border-box;margin-bottom: 0.5em;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-estimator:hover {background-color: #d4ebff;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-parallel-item::after {content: \"\";width: 100%;border-bottom: 1px solid gray;flex-grow: 1;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-label:hover label.sk-toggleable__label {background-color: #d4ebff;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-serial::before {content: \"\";position: absolute;border-left: 1px solid gray;box-sizing: border-box;top: 0;bottom: 0;left: 50%;z-index: 0;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-serial {display: flex;flex-direction: column;align-items: center;background-color: white;padding-right: 0.2em;padding-left: 0.2em;position: relative;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-item {position: relative;z-index: 1;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-parallel {display: flex;align-items: stretch;justify-content: center;background-color: white;position: relative;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-item::before, #sk-container-id-1 div.sk-parallel-item::before {content: \"\";position: absolute;border-left: 1px solid gray;box-sizing: border-box;top: 0;bottom: 0;left: 50%;z-index: -1;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-parallel-item {display: flex;flex-direction: column;z-index: 1;position: relative;background-color: white;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-parallel-item:first-child::after {align-self: flex-end;width: 50%;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-parallel-item:last-child::after {align-self: flex-start;width: 50%;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-parallel-item:only-child::after {width: 0;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-dashed-wrapped {border: 1px dashed gray;margin: 0 0.4em 0.5em 0.4em;box-sizing: border-box;padding-bottom: 0.4em;background-color: white;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-label label {font-family: monospace;font-weight: bold;display: inline-block;line-height: 1.2em;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-label-container {text-align: center;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-container {/* jupyter's `normalize.less` sets `[hidden] { display: none; }` but bootstrap.min.css set `[hidden] { display: none !important; }` so we also need the `!important` here to be able to override the default hidden behavior on the sphinx rendered scikit-learn.org. See: https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn/issues/21755 */display: inline-block !important;position: relative;}#sk-container-id-1 div.sk-text-repr-fallback {display: none;}</style><div id=\"sk-container-id-1\" class=\"sk-top-container\"><div class=\"sk-text-repr-fallback\"><pre>StandardScaler()</pre><b>In a Jupyter environment, please rerun this cell to show the HTML representation or trust the notebook. <br />On GitHub, the HTML representation is unable to render, please try loading this page with nbviewer.org.</b></div><div class=\"sk-container\" hidden><div class=\"sk-item\"><div class=\"sk-estimator sk-toggleable\"><input class=\"sk-toggleable__control sk-hidden--visually\" id=\"sk-estimator-id-1\" type=\"checkbox\" checked><label for=\"sk-estimator-id-1\" class=\"sk-toggleable__label sk-toggleable__label-arrow\">StandardScaler</label><div class=\"sk-toggleable__content\"><pre>StandardScaler()</pre></div></div></div></div></div>"
+            ]
+          },
+          "metadata": {},
+          "execution_count": 17
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "1FeONzpiInv5"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "X_train = scaler.transform(X_train)\n",
+        "\n",
+        "X_test = scaler.transform(X_test)"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 19,
+      "outputs": []
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "colab": {
+          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
+        },
+        "id": "OS2_4yaVJAiH",
+        "outputId": "722fc0d5-b2a2-457f-c837-9ec04396d8b0"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "print(X_train)"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 18,
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "output_type": "stream",
+          "name": "stdout",
+          "text": [
+            "     MDVP:Fo(Hz)  MDVP:Fhi(Hz)  MDVP:Flo(Hz)  MDVP:Jitter(%)  \\\n",
+            "123      182.018       197.173        79.187         0.00842   \n",
+            "160      114.238       124.393        77.022         0.00581   \n",
+            "94       157.821       172.975        68.401         0.00358   \n",
+            "57       117.274       129.916       110.402         0.00752   \n",
+            "41       184.055       196.537       166.977         0.00258   \n",
+            "..           ...           ...           ...             ...   \n",
+            "43       241.404       248.834       232.483         0.00281   \n",
+            "22       167.930       193.221        79.068         0.00442   \n",
+            "72       120.080       139.710       111.208         0.00405   \n",
+            "15       142.167       217.455        83.159         0.00369   \n",
+            "168      197.569       217.627        90.794         0.00803   \n",
+            "\n",
+            "     MDVP:Jitter(Abs)  MDVP:RAP  MDVP:PPQ  Jitter:DDP  MDVP:Shimmer  \\\n",
+            "123           0.00005   0.00506   0.00449     0.01517       0.02503   \n",
+            "160           0.00005   0.00299   0.00316     0.00896       0.04009   \n",
+            "94            0.00002   0.00196   0.00196     0.00587       0.03716   \n",
+            "57            0.00006   0.00299   0.00469     0.00898       0.02293   \n",
+            "41            0.00001   0.00134   0.00147     0.00403       0.01463   \n",
+            "..                ...       ...       ...         ...           ...   \n",
+            "43            0.00001   0.00157   0.00173     0.00470       0.01760   \n",
+            "22            0.00003   0.00220   0.00247     0.00661       0.04351   \n",
+            "72            0.00003   0.00180   0.00220     0.00540       0.01706   \n",
+            "15            0.00003   0.00157   0.00203     0.00471       0.01503   \n",
+            "168           0.00004   0.00490   0.00448     0.01470       0.02177   \n",
+            "\n",
+            "     MDVP:Shimmer(dB)  ...  MDVP:APQ  Shimmer:DDA      NHR     HNR      RPDE  \\\n",
+            "123             0.231  ...   0.01931      0.04115  0.01813  18.784  0.589956   \n",
+            "160             0.406  ...   0.04114      0.04736  0.02073  20.437  0.653139   \n",
+            "94              0.307  ...   0.02764      0.06185  0.00850  22.219  0.502380   \n",
+            "57              0.221  ...   0.01948      0.03568  0.00681  22.817  0.530529   \n",
+            "41              0.132  ...   0.01234      0.02226  0.00257  26.453  0.306443   \n",
+            "..                ...  ...       ...          ...      ...     ...       ...   \n",
+            "43              0.154  ...   0.01251      0.03017  0.00675  23.145  0.457702   \n",
+            "22              0.377  ...   0.04246      0.06685  0.01280  22.468  0.619060   \n",
+            "72              0.152  ...   0.01345      0.02921  0.00442  25.742  0.495954   \n",
+            "15              0.126  ...   0.01359      0.02316  0.00839  25.175  0.565924   \n",
+            "168             0.189  ...   0.01439      0.03836  0.01337  19.269  0.372222   \n",
+            "\n",
+            "          DFA   spread1   spread2        D2       PPE  \n",
+            "123  0.732903 -5.445140  0.142466  2.174306  0.215558  \n",
+            "160  0.694571 -5.185987  0.259229  2.151121  0.244948  \n",
+            "94   0.712170 -6.251425  0.188056  2.143851  0.160812  \n",
+            "57   0.817756 -4.608260  0.290024  2.021591  0.314464  \n",
+            "41   0.759203 -7.044105  0.063412  2.361532  0.115730  \n",
+            "..        ...       ...       ...       ...       ...  \n",
+            "43   0.634267 -6.793547  0.158266  2.256699  0.117399  \n",
+            "22   0.679834 -4.330956  0.262384  2.916777  0.285695  \n",
+            "72   0.762959 -5.791820  0.329066  2.205024  0.188180  \n",
+            "15   0.658245 -5.340115  0.210185  2.205546  0.234589  \n",
+            "168  0.725216 -5.736781  0.164529  2.882450  0.202879  \n",
+            "\n",
+            "[156 rows x 22 columns]\n"
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "QIOAtx35JUMg"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "Model Training"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "fWlsaBNuJV5g"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "Support Vector Machine Model"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "IDInA1u5JCZ9"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "model = svm.SVC(kernel='linear')"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 20,
+      "outputs": []
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "colab": {
+          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
+          "height": 74
+        },
+        "id": "F01DNpqWKmaW",
+        "outputId": "c7b031d5-0366-4794-f299-6bb2e5da5cf7"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "# training the SVM model with training data\n",
+        "model.fit(X_train, Y_train)"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 21,
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "output_type": "execute_result",
+          "data": {
+            "text/plain": [
+              "SVC(kernel='linear')"
+            ],
+            "text/html": [
+              "<style>#sk-container-id-2 {color: black;background-color: white;}#sk-container-id-2 pre{padding: 0;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-toggleable {background-color: white;}#sk-container-id-2 label.sk-toggleable__label {cursor: pointer;display: block;width: 100%;margin-bottom: 0;padding: 0.3em;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: center;}#sk-container-id-2 label.sk-toggleable__label-arrow:before {content: \"▸\";float: left;margin-right: 0.25em;color: #696969;}#sk-container-id-2 label.sk-toggleable__label-arrow:hover:before {color: black;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-estimator:hover label.sk-toggleable__label-arrow:before {color: black;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-toggleable__content {max-height: 0;max-width: 0;overflow: hidden;text-align: left;background-color: #f0f8ff;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-toggleable__content pre {margin: 0.2em;color: black;border-radius: 0.25em;background-color: #f0f8ff;}#sk-container-id-2 input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~div.sk-toggleable__content {max-height: 200px;max-width: 100%;overflow: auto;}#sk-container-id-2 input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~label.sk-toggleable__label-arrow:before {content: \"▾\";}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-estimator input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~label.sk-toggleable__label {background-color: #d4ebff;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-label input.sk-toggleable__control:checked~label.sk-toggleable__label {background-color: #d4ebff;}#sk-container-id-2 input.sk-hidden--visually {border: 0;clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);height: 1px;margin: -1px;overflow: hidden;padding: 0;position: absolute;width: 1px;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-estimator {font-family: monospace;background-color: #f0f8ff;border: 1px dotted black;border-radius: 0.25em;box-sizing: border-box;margin-bottom: 0.5em;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-estimator:hover {background-color: #d4ebff;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-parallel-item::after {content: \"\";width: 100%;border-bottom: 1px solid gray;flex-grow: 1;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-label:hover label.sk-toggleable__label {background-color: #d4ebff;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-serial::before {content: \"\";position: absolute;border-left: 1px solid gray;box-sizing: border-box;top: 0;bottom: 0;left: 50%;z-index: 0;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-serial {display: flex;flex-direction: column;align-items: center;background-color: white;padding-right: 0.2em;padding-left: 0.2em;position: relative;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-item {position: relative;z-index: 1;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-parallel {display: flex;align-items: stretch;justify-content: center;background-color: white;position: relative;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-item::before, #sk-container-id-2 div.sk-parallel-item::before {content: \"\";position: absolute;border-left: 1px solid gray;box-sizing: border-box;top: 0;bottom: 0;left: 50%;z-index: -1;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-parallel-item {display: flex;flex-direction: column;z-index: 1;position: relative;background-color: white;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-parallel-item:first-child::after {align-self: flex-end;width: 50%;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-parallel-item:last-child::after {align-self: flex-start;width: 50%;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-parallel-item:only-child::after {width: 0;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-dashed-wrapped {border: 1px dashed gray;margin: 0 0.4em 0.5em 0.4em;box-sizing: border-box;padding-bottom: 0.4em;background-color: white;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-label label {font-family: monospace;font-weight: bold;display: inline-block;line-height: 1.2em;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-label-container {text-align: center;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-container {/* jupyter's `normalize.less` sets `[hidden] { display: none; }` but bootstrap.min.css set `[hidden] { display: none !important; }` so we also need the `!important` here to be able to override the default hidden behavior on the sphinx rendered scikit-learn.org. See: https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn/issues/21755 */display: inline-block !important;position: relative;}#sk-container-id-2 div.sk-text-repr-fallback {display: none;}</style><div id=\"sk-container-id-2\" class=\"sk-top-container\"><div class=\"sk-text-repr-fallback\"><pre>SVC(kernel=&#x27;linear&#x27;)</pre><b>In a Jupyter environment, please rerun this cell to show the HTML representation or trust the notebook. <br />On GitHub, the HTML representation is unable to render, please try loading this page with nbviewer.org.</b></div><div class=\"sk-container\" hidden><div class=\"sk-item\"><div class=\"sk-estimator sk-toggleable\"><input class=\"sk-toggleable__control sk-hidden--visually\" id=\"sk-estimator-id-2\" type=\"checkbox\" checked><label for=\"sk-estimator-id-2\" class=\"sk-toggleable__label sk-toggleable__label-arrow\">SVC</label><div class=\"sk-toggleable__content\"><pre>SVC(kernel=&#x27;linear&#x27;)</pre></div></div></div></div></div>"
+            ]
+          },
+          "metadata": {},
+          "execution_count": 21
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "1z_-nZfuLJrH"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "Model Evaluation"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "Rj3XAnF8LMF4"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "Accuracy Score"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "5LwxNgnqK1Za"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "# accuracy score on training data\n",
+        "X_train_prediction = model.predict(X_train)\n",
+        "training_data_accuracy = accuracy_score(Y_train, X_train_prediction)"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 22,
+      "outputs": []
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "colab": {
+          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
+        },
+        "id": "-dS9tcGdLm41",
+        "outputId": "b7eeae02-7dd9-4dfc-915e-2b19c62d7ef3"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "print('Accuracy score of training data : ', training_data_accuracy)"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 23,
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "output_type": "stream",
+          "name": "stdout",
+          "text": [
+            "Accuracy score of training data :  0.8846153846153846\n"
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "rNUO2uHmLtjY"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "# accuracy score on training data\n",
+        "X_test_prediction = model.predict(X_test)\n",
+        "test_data_accuracy = accuracy_score(Y_test, X_test_prediction)"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 24,
+      "outputs": []
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "colab": {
+          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
+        },
+        "id": "BsF3UnQ2L_aR",
+        "outputId": "102cb959-81cc-4914-dc23-162ed419ef52"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "print('Accuracy score of test data : ', test_data_accuracy)"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 25,
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "output_type": "stream",
+          "name": "stdout",
+          "text": [
+            "Accuracy score of test data :  0.8717948717948718\n"
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "markdown",
+      "metadata": {
+        "id": "QlR4JG4YMfOR"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "Building a Predictive System"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "cell_type": "code",
+      "metadata": {
+        "colab": {
+          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
+        },
+        "id": "w0FjSoO1MGBU",
+        "outputId": "56ad6402-3d72-4970-c6f2-cbb00f74bd38"
+      },
+      "source": [
+        "input_data = (197.07600,206.89600,192.05500,0.00289,0.00001,0.00166,0.00168,0.00498,0.01098,0.09700,0.00563,0.00680,0.00802,0.01689,0.00339,26.77500,0.422229,0.741367,-7.348300,0.177551,1.743867,0.085569)\n",
+        "\n",
+        "# changing input data to a numpy array\n",
+        "input_data_as_numpy_array = np.asarray(input_data)\n",
+        "\n",
+        "# reshape the numpy array\n",
+        "input_data_reshaped = input_data_as_numpy_array.reshape(1,-1)\n",
+        "\n",
+        "# standardize the data\n",
+        "std_data = scaler.transform(input_data_reshaped)\n",
+        "\n",
+        "prediction = model.predict(std_data)\n",
+        "print(prediction)\n",
+        "\n",
+        "\n",
+        "if (prediction[0] == 0):\n",
+        "  print(\"The Person does not have Parkinsons Disease\")\n",
+        "\n",
+        "else:\n",
+        "  print(\"The Person has Parkinsons\")\n"
+      ],
+      "execution_count": 26,
+      "outputs": [
+        {
+          "output_type": "stream",
+          "name": "stdout",
+          "text": [
+            "[0]\n",
+            "The Person does not have Parkinsons Disease\n"
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          "output_type": "stream",
+          "name": "stderr",
+          "text": [
+            "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/dist-packages/sklearn/base.py:439: UserWarning: X does not have valid feature names, but StandardScaler was fitted with feature names\n",
+            "  warnings.warn(\n"
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file