diff --git a/.github/scripts/verify_main_ci_success.sh b/.github/scripts/verify_main_ci_success.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..1aa5238
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/scripts/verify_main_ci_success.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+workflow="${CI_WORKFLOW:-ci.yml}"
+branch="${VERIFY_BRANCH:-main}"
+repository="${GITHUB_REPOSITORY:?GITHUB_REPOSITORY is required}"
+
+if ! command -v gh >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  echo "gh CLI is required to verify main CI before publish." >&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+if [ -z "${GH_TOKEN:-}" ] && [ -z "${GITHUB_TOKEN:-}" ]; then
+  echo "GH_TOKEN or GITHUB_TOKEN is required to verify main CI before publish." >&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+export GH_TOKEN="${GH_TOKEN:-${GITHUB_TOKEN}}"
+
+read -r status conclusion <<EOF
+$(gh run list \
+  --repo "${repository}" \
+  --workflow "${workflow}" \
+  --branch "${branch}" \
+  --limit 1 \
+  --json status,conclusion \
+  --jq '.[0] | "\(.status // "") \(.conclusion // "")"' 2>/dev/null || echo " missing")
+EOF
+
+if [ "${status}" != "completed" ] || [ "${conclusion}" != "success" ]; then
+  echo "Latest ${branch} CI (${workflow}) must be completed with success before publish; got status=${status:-unknown} conclusion=${conclusion:-unknown}." >&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+echo "Verified latest ${branch} ${workflow} run succeeded."
diff --git a/.github/workflows/publish-hk-snapshot-artifacts.yml b/.github/workflows/publish-hk-snapshot-artifacts.yml
index a806d73..9264942 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/publish-hk-snapshot-artifacts.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/publish-hk-snapshot-artifacts.yml
@@ -104,6 +104,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     timeout-minutes: 60
     permissions:
+      actions: read
       contents: read
       id-token: write
     env:
@@ -136,6 +137,12 @@ jobs:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
+      - name: Verify main CI succeeded before publish
+        if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.execute_publish == true
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+        run: bash .github/scripts/verify_main_ci_success.sh
+
       - name: Set up Python
         uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
diff --git a/tests/test_publish_workflow_ci_gate.py b/tests/test_publish_workflow_ci_gate.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b381ceb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_publish_workflow_ci_gate.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"""Workflow config tests for publish CI gating."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from pathlib import Path
+
+
+ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]
+PUBLISH_WORKFLOW = ROOT / ".github/workflows/publish-hk-snapshot-artifacts.yml"
+VERIFY_SCRIPT = ROOT / ".github/scripts/verify_main_ci_success.sh"
+
+
+def test_publish_hk_snapshot_artifacts_requires_main_ci_before_live_publish() -> None:
+    workflow = PUBLISH_WORKFLOW.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+
+    assert "actions: read" in workflow
+    assert "Verify main CI succeeded before publish" in workflow
+    assert "bash .github/scripts/verify_main_ci_success.sh" in workflow
+    assert "inputs.execute_publish == true" in workflow
+
+
+def test_verify_main_ci_success_script_checks_latest_main_run() -> None:
+    script = VERIFY_SCRIPT.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+
+    assert 'workflow="${CI_WORKFLOW:-ci.yml}"' in script
+    assert 'branch="${VERIFY_BRANCH:-main}"' in script
+    assert "gh run list" in script
+    assert 'conclusion}" != "success"' in script