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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Cell Reproduction</title>
    <style>
        body {
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        main {
            padding: 40px;
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</head>
<body>

<header>
    Cell Reproduction
</header>

<main>
    <section class="sub-field">
        <h2>Mitosis</h2>
        <h3>Stages of Mitosis</h3>
        <p>Mitosis is divided into several stages, each with distinct processes.</p>
        <ul>
            <li><strong>Interphase</strong>: Preparation for mitosis (G1, S, and G2 phases).</li>
            <li><strong>Prophase</strong>: Chromatin condenses into chromosomes, spindle fibers form.</li>
            <li><strong>Metaphase</strong>: Chromosomes align at the center of the cell.</li>
            <li><strong>Anaphase</strong>: Sister chromatids are pulled toward opposite poles.</li>
            <li><strong>Telophase</strong>: New nuclear membranes form around the separated chromosomes.</li>
            <li><strong>Cytokinesis</strong>: The cell divides into two daughter cells.</li>
        </ul>
        <h3>Formula for Chromosome Number in Mitosis:</h3>
        <div class="formula">
            2n &rarr; 2n
        </div>
        <p>Where 2n is the diploid number of chromosomes in the parent cell. After mitosis, the daughter cells also have 2n chromosomes.</p>
    </section>

    <section class="sub-field">
        <h2>Meiosis</h2>
        <h3>Stages of Meiosis</h3>
        <p>Meiosis involves two rounds of division: Meiosis I and Meiosis II.</p>
        <ul>
            <li><strong>Prophase I</strong>: Homologous chromosomes pair up and cross over.</li>
            <li><strong>Metaphase I</strong>: Homologous chromosomes align at the center.</li>
            <li><strong>Anaphase I</strong>: Homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles.</li>
            <li><strong>Telophase I</strong>: Two daughter cells are formed, each with half the chromosome number (haploid).</li>
            <li><strong>Meiosis II</strong>: Similar to mitosis, but it involves the division of haploid cells into four non-identical haploid cells.</li>
        </ul>
        <h3>Formula for Chromosome Number in Meiosis:</h3>
        <div class="formula">
            2n &rarr; n
        </div>
        <p>In Meiosis I, the chromosome number is halved. The diploid parent cell (2n) produces two haploid cells (n). After Meiosis II, the number remains n, resulting in four haploid daughter cells.</p>
    </section>

    <section class="sub-field">
        <h3>Key Formulas Related to Cell Reproduction</h3>
        <ul>
            <li><strong>Cell Cycle Duration:</strong> T = T<sub>G1</sub> + T<sub>S</sub> + T<sub>G2</sub> + T<sub>M</sub></li>
            <li><strong>Chromosome Number in Mitosis:</strong> 2n → 2n</li>
            <li><strong>Chromosome Number in Meiosis:</strong> 2n → n</li>
            <li><strong>Crossing Over and Genetic Recombination:</strong> Possible Genetic Variants = 2<sup>n</sup></li>
            <li><strong>Genetic Variation after Meiosis:</strong> Number of Genetic Combinations = 2<sup>n</sup></li>
        </ul>
    </section>

    <section class="sub-field">
        <h3>Mendel's Laws of Inheritance</h3>
        <ul>
            <li><strong>Law of Segregation</strong>: The two alleles for a trait separate during gamete formation.</li>
            <li><strong>Law of Independent Assortment</strong>: Genes located on different chromosomes assort independently of each other.</li>
        </ul>
    </section>
</main>

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    <p>&copy; 2025 Yoseph Feyisa Wegi | All Rights Reserved.</p>
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