diff --git a/apps/cli/test/commands/eval/artifact-writer.test.ts b/apps/cli/test/commands/eval/artifact-writer.test.ts
index c797e0418..a9b351580 100644
--- a/apps/cli/test/commands/eval/artifact-writer.test.ts
+++ b/apps/cli/test/commands/eval/artifact-writer.test.ts
@@ -1738,6 +1738,52 @@ describe('writeArtifactsFromResults', () => {
     expect(indexLine.grading_path).toBe('eval-top-months-chart/shared-id/run-1/grading.json');
   });
 
+  it('allocates distinct artifact directories for multiple targets with the same suite and test id', async () => {
+    const paths = await writeArtifactsFromResults(
+      [
+        makeResult({
+          suite: 'suite-a',
+          testId: 'shared-id',
+          target: 'baseline',
+          output: 'baseline output',
+        }),
+        makeResult({
+          suite: 'suite-a',
+          testId: 'shared-id',
+          target: 'candidate',
+          output: 'candidate output',
+        }),
+      ],
+      testDir,
+    );
+
+    const indexLines = (await readFile(paths.indexPath, 'utf8'))
+      .trim()
+      .split('\n')
+      .map((line) => JSON.parse(line) as IndexArtifactEntry);
+
+    expect(indexLines.map((line) => line.artifact_dir)).toEqual([
+      'suite-a/shared-id/baseline',
+      'suite-a/shared-id/candidate',
+    ]);
+    expect(indexLines.map((line) => line.grading_path)).toEqual([
+      'suite-a/shared-id/baseline/run-1/grading.json',
+      'suite-a/shared-id/candidate/run-1/grading.json',
+    ]);
+    await expect(
+      readFile(
+        path.join(testDir, 'suite-a', 'shared-id', 'baseline', 'run-1', 'outputs', 'answer.md'),
+        'utf8',
+      ),
+    ).resolves.toBe('baseline output');
+    await expect(
+      readFile(
+        path.join(testDir, 'suite-a', 'shared-id', 'candidate', 'run-1', 'outputs', 'answer.md'),
+        'utf8',
+      ),
+    ).resolves.toBe('candidate output');
+  });
+
   it('does not prefix artifact paths with suite when it matches the result group', async () => {
     const paths = await writeArtifactsFromResults(
       [makeResult({ suite: 'eval-top-months-chart', testId: 'shared-id', target: 'baseline' })],
diff --git a/packages/core/src/evaluation/run-artifacts.ts b/packages/core/src/evaluation/run-artifacts.ts
index ef13c67b0..a7cc7582a 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/evaluation/run-artifacts.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/evaluation/run-artifacts.ts
@@ -1273,6 +1273,10 @@ function safeTestId(testId: string | undefined): string {
   return safeArtifactPathSegment(testId, 'unknown');
 }
 
+function safeTarget(target: string | undefined): string {
+  return safeArtifactPathSegment(target, 'unknown');
+}
+
 function getSuite(result: EvaluationResult): string | undefined {
   return result.suite;
 }
@@ -1281,6 +1285,7 @@ function buildArtifactSubdir(
   result: EvaluationResult,
   resultGroup?: string,
   sourceTest?: EvalTest,
+  targetSegment?: string,
 ): string {
   const segments = [];
   const evalSet = getSuite(result);
@@ -1291,9 +1296,47 @@ function buildArtifactSubdir(
     segments.push(safeArtifactPathSegment(evalSet, 'default'));
   }
   segments.push(safeTestId(result.testId));
+  if (targetSegment !== undefined) {
+    segments.push(safeTarget(targetSegment));
+  }
   return path.posix.join(...segments);
 }
 
+interface ArtifactWritePlan {
+  readonly result: EvaluationResult;
+  readonly artifactSubdir: string;
+}
+
+function buildArtifactWritePlans(
+  results: readonly EvaluationResult[],
+  resultGroup: string | undefined,
+  testByTestId: ReadonlyMap<string, EvalTest>,
+): readonly ArtifactWritePlan[] {
+  const basePlans = results.map((result) => {
+    const sourceTest = findResultSourceTest(result, testByTestId);
+    return {
+      result,
+      sourceTest,
+      baseSubdir: buildArtifactSubdir(result, resultGroup, sourceTest),
+      targetSegment: safeTarget(result.target),
+    };
+  });
+  const targetsByBaseSubdir = new Map<string, Set<string>>();
+  for (const plan of basePlans) {
+    const targets = targetsByBaseSubdir.get(plan.baseSubdir) ?? new Set<string>();
+    targets.add(plan.targetSegment);
+    targetsByBaseSubdir.set(plan.baseSubdir, targets);
+  }
+
+  return basePlans.map((plan) => ({
+    result: plan.result,
+    artifactSubdir:
+      (targetsByBaseSubdir.get(plan.baseSubdir)?.size ?? 0) > 1
+        ? buildArtifactSubdir(plan.result, resultGroup, plan.sourceTest, plan.result.target)
+        : plan.baseSubdir,
+  }));
+}
+
 function toRelativeArtifactPath(outputDir: string, filePath: string): string {
   return path.relative(outputDir, filePath).split(path.sep).join('/');
 }
@@ -1932,10 +1975,10 @@ export async function writePerTestArtifacts(
   const duplicatePolicy = options?.duplicatePolicy ?? 'update';
   const testByTestId = buildSourceTestLookup(options?.sourceTests);
   const indexRecords: ResultIndexArtifact[] = [];
+  const artifactPlans = buildArtifactWritePlans(results, options?.resultGroup, testByTestId);
 
-  for (const result of results) {
-    const sourceTest = findResultSourceTest(result, testByTestId);
-    const artifactSubdir = buildArtifactSubdir(result, options?.resultGroup, sourceTest);
+  for (const artifactPlan of artifactPlans) {
+    const { result, artifactSubdir } = artifactPlan;
     const testDir = path.join(outputDir, artifactSubdir);
     await mkdir(testDir, { recursive: true });
     const envelope = buildTraceEnvelopeSidecar({
@@ -2049,10 +2092,9 @@ export async function writeArtifactsFromResults(
   const indexRecords: unknown[] = [];
   const testByTestId = buildSourceTestLookup(options?.sourceTests);
   const emittedIdentityIds = new Set<string>();
+  const artifactPlans = buildArtifactWritePlans(results, options?.resultGroup, testByTestId);
 
-  const plans = results.map((result) => {
-    const sourceTest = findResultSourceTest(result, testByTestId);
-    const artifactSubdir = buildArtifactSubdir(result, options?.resultGroup, sourceTest);
+  const plans = artifactPlans.map(({ result, artifactSubdir }) => {
     const testDir = path.join(outputDir, artifactSubdir);
     const caseSummaryPath = path.join(testDir, RUN_SUMMARY_FILENAME);
     const envelope = buildTraceEnvelopeSidecar({