Support Adaptive Retry Strategy in Azure SDKs

[willmarkley]

Right now in AzureCore there is an Exponential Retry strategy supported

Worth exploring expanding the available retry strategies in all languages to include something like AWS's Adaptive Retry Strategy, which uses a dynamic token bucket based approach:

• https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/latest/developer-guide/retry-strategy.html
• https://docs.aws.amazon.com/java/api/latest/software/amazon/awssdk/retries/StandardRetryStrategy.html
• https://github.com/aws/aws-sdk-java-v2/blob/master/core/retries/src/main/java/software/amazon/awssdk/retries/AdaptiveRetryStrategy.java

Would apply to the SDKs of all languages:

• .NET: https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-net/blob/main/sdk/core/Azure.Core/src/RetryMode.cs
• Python: https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-python/blob/main/sdk/core/azure-core/azure/core/pipeline/policies/_retry.py
• Java: https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-java/blob/main/sdk/core/azure-core/src/main/java/com/azure/core/http/policy/RetryStrategy.java
• JS/TS: https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-js/blob/main/sdk/core/core-rest-pipeline/src/policies/retryPolicy.ts
• Go: https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/blob/main/sdk/azcore/policy/policy.go
• C++: https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-cpp/blob/main/sdk/core/azure-core/inc/azure/core/http/policies/policy.hpp
• Rust: https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-rust/blob/main/sdk/core/typespec_client_core/src/http/options/retry.rs