functions.py

# =========================================================
#                    FUNCTIONS ROADMAP
# =========================================================


# =========================================================
# FUNCTION STRUCTURE
# =========================================================

# def function_name(parameters):
#     |--------------------------------|
#     |  function body                 |
#     |  calculations / logic          |
#     |--------------------------------|
#     return value

# function_name(arguments)


# =========================================================
# PRINT FUNCTION
# =========================================================

# def display():
#     |--------------------------------|
#     |  directly prints output        |
#     |--------------------------------|

# QUESTIONS:
# 1. WAP to print hello world using function
# def prnt():
#     print("hello world")


# prnt()

"""
hello world
"""


# 2. WAP to print your name using function
# def name(name):
#     print(name)


# name(input("enter your name: "))

"""
enter your name: Anand
Anand
"""


# 3. WAP to print numbers from 1 to 10 using function
# def num():
#     for i in range(1, 11):
#         print(i, end=" ")

# num()

"""
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
"""


# 4. WAP to print even numbers using function
# def even(no):
#     for i in range(1, no + 1):
#         if i % 2 == 0:
#             print(i, end=" ")


# even(int(input("enter a number: ")))

"""
enter a number: 25
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
"""


# 5. WAP to print multiplication table using function
# def mul(no):
#     for i in range(1, no + 1):
#         print(f"{no} * {i} = {no * i}")


# mul(int(input("enter a number: ")))

"""
enter a number: 10
10 * 1 = 10
10 * 2 = 20
10 * 3 = 30
10 * 4 = 40
10 * 5 = 50
10 * 6 = 60
10 * 7 = 70
10 * 8 = 80
10 * 9 = 90
10 * 10 = 100
"""

# =========================================================
# RETURN FUNCTION
# =========================================================

# def add(a,b):
#     |--------------------------------|
#     |  calculate result              |
#     |--------------------------------|
#     return result ---> return stops the program and returns the value to the user, unlike print which prints the value not store it.
# return --> reusable value; print --> non-reusable value


# QUESTIONS:
# 6. WAP to return sum of two numbers
# def sum(a, b):
#     return a + b

# print(sum(10, 5))

"""
15
"""


# 7. WAP to return square of a number
# def sq(a):
#     return a**2

# print(sq(15))

"""
225
"""


# 8. WAP to return cube of a number
# def cube(a):
#     return a**3


# print(cube(3))

"""
27
"""


# 9. WAP to return factorial of number
# def fact(no):
#     fact = 1
#     for i in range(1, no + 1):
#         fact = fact * i
#     return fact


# print(fact(5))

"""
120
"""


# 10. WAP to return reversed string
# def rev(s):
#     return s[::-1]


# print(rev("hello"))

"""
olleh
"""


# def reverse_string(s):
#     rev = ""

#     for char in s:
#         rev = char + rev

#     return rev


# print(reverse_string("python"))

"""
nohtyp
"""

# =========================================================
# POSITIONAL ARGUMENTS
# =========================================================

# def function_name(a,b):
#     |--------------------------------|
#     | arguments mapped by position   |
#     |--------------------------------|

# function_name(10,20)

# a = 10
# b = 20


# QUESTIONS:
# 11. WAP to add two numbers using positional arguments
# def add(a, b):
#     return a + b


# print(add(2, 3))

"""
5
"""


# 12. WAP to subtract two numbers using positional arguments
# def sub(a, b):
#     return a - b


# print(sub(5 - 6))

"""
1
"""


# 13. WAP to multiply two numbers using positional arguments
# def mul(x, y):
#     return x * y


# print(mul(2, 2))

"""
4
"""


# 14. WAP to divide two numbers using positional arguments
# def div(a, b):
#     return a // b


# print(div(10, 5))

"""
2
"""


# 15. WAP to swap two numbers using positional arguments
# def swap(a, b):
#     a = a + b
#     b = a - b
#     a = a - b
#     return a, b


# print(swap(10, 20))

"""
(20, 10)
"""

# =========================================================
# KEYWORD ARGUMENTS
# =========================================================

# def function_name(a,b):
#     |--------------------------------|
#     | values assigned using keyword  |
#     |--------------------------------|

# function_name(b=20,a=10)


# QUESTIONS:
# 16. WAP to create student details using keyword args
# def student_details(name, age, course):
#     return name, age, course


# print(student_details(name="Anand", age=21, course="Python"))

"""
('Anand', 21, 'Python')
"""

# 17. WAP to create employee details using keyword args


# def employee_details(name, salary, department):
#     return name, salary, department


# print(employee_details(name="Ram", salary=50000, department="IT"))

"""
('Ram', 50000, 'IT')
"""


# 18. WAP to create bank account using keyword args
# def bank_account(name, account_no, balance):
#     return name, account_no, balance


# print(bank_account(name="Sam", account_no=12345, balance=10000))

"""
('Sam', 12345, 10000)
"""


# 19. WAP to create product bill using keyword args
# def product_bill(shirt, shoes, watch):
#     total = shirt + shoes + watch
#     return total


# print(product_bill(shirt=800, shoes=1500, watch=2000))

"""
Output:
4300
"""

# 20. WAP to create login system using keyword args
# def login(username, password):
#     if username == "admin" and password == "1234":
#         return "Login Successful"

#     return "Invalid Login"


# print(login(username="admin", password="1234"))

"""
Output:
Login Successful
"""

# =========================================================
# DEFAULT PARAMETERS
# =========================================================

# def function_name(a,b=10):
#     |--------------------------------|
#     | uses default value if missing  |
#     |--------------------------------|


# QUESTIONS:
# 21. WAP to add numbers using default parameter
# def sum(a, b, c, d=4):
#     return a + b + c + d


# print(sum(1, 2, 3))

"""
10
"""


# 22. WAP to calculate SI using default rate
# def simple_interest(p, t, r=5):
#     return (p * t * r) / 100


# print(simple_interest(1000, 2))

"""
Output:
100.0
"""

# 23. WAP to print greeting using default parameter
# def greet(a="hello"):
#     return a


# print(greet())

"""
hello
"""


# 24. WAP to calculate salary with default bonus
# def salary(amount, bonus=2000):
#     return amount + bonus


# print(salary(30000))

"""
Output:
32000
"""


# 25. WAP to create default login credentials
# def login(username="admin", password="1234"):
#     return username, password


# print(login())

"""
Output:
('admin', '1234')
"""

# =========================================================
# VARIABLE LENGTH ARGUMENTS (*args)
# =========================================================

# def function_name(*args):
#     |--------------------------------|
#     | stores multiple values tuple   |
#     |--------------------------------|

# function_name(1,2,3,4)


# QUESTIONS:
# 26. WAP to find sum using *args
# def sum(*args):
#     total = 0
#     for i in args:
#         total += i
#     return total


# print(sum(1, 2, 3, 4, 5))

"""
15
"""


# 27. WAP to find largest number using *args
# 28. WAP to multiply all numbers using *args
# def mul(*args):
#     total = 1
#     for i in args:
#         total *= i
#     return total


# print(mul(15, 15))

"""
225
"""


# 29. WAP to print all elements using *args
# def display(*args):
#     for i in args:
#         return args


# print(display("hello", "hi", 1, 2, 3))

"""
('hello', 'hi', 1, 2, 3)
"""


# def display(*args):
#     for i in args:
#         print(i)


# print(display("hello", "hi", 1, 2, 3))

"""
hello
hi
1
2
3
None
"""


# 30. WAP to count total arguments using *args
# def count(*args):
#     count = 0
#     for i in args:
#         count += 1
#     return count


# print(count(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, "hello", "hi"))

""" 
7
"""

# =========================================================
# VARIABLE KEYWORD ARGUMENTS (**kwargs)
# =========================================================

# def function_name(**kwargs):
#     |--------------------------------|
#     | stores key-value dictionary    |
#     |--------------------------------|


# QUESTIONS:
# 31. WAP to create student dictionary using **kwargs
# def student_details(**kwargs):
#     return kwargs


# print(student_details(name="Anand", age=21, course="Python"))

"""
{'name': 'Anand', 'age': 21, 'course': 'Python'}
"""


# 32. WAP to create employee dictionary using **kwargs
# def employee_details(**kwargs):
#     return kwargs


# print(employee_details(name="Ram", salary=50000, department="IT"))

"""
{'name': 'Ram', 'salary': 50000, 'department': 'IT'}
"""

# 33. WAP to create product details using **kwargs
# def product_details(**kwargs):
#     return kwargs


# print(product_details(name="Laptop", price=50000, brand="Dell"))

"""
Output:
{'name': 'Laptop', 'price': 50000, 'brand': 'Dell'}
"""


# 34. WAP to print keys and values using **kwargs
# def print_details(**kwargs):
#     for key, value in kwargs.items():
#         print(key, ":", value)


# print_details(name="Anand", city="Chennai")

"""
Output:
name : Anand
city : Chennai
"""


# 35. WAP to count keyword arguments using **kwargs
# def count_kwargs(**kwargs):
#     return len(kwargs)


# print(count_kwargs(name="Anand", age=21, course="Python"))

"""
Output:
3
"""

# =========================================================
# ONLY POSITIONAL ARGUMENTS (/)
# =========================================================

# def function_name(a,b,/):
#     |--------------------------------|
#     | arguments must be positional   |
#     |--------------------------------|

# QUESTIONS:
# 36. WAP to add numbers using only positional args
# 37. WAP to calculate area using only positional args
# 38. WAP to compare numbers using only positional args
# 39. WAP to calculate average using only positional args
# 40. WAP to print student marks using only positional args


# =========================================================
# ONLY KEYWORD ARGUMENTS (*)
# =========================================================

# def function_name(*,a,b):
#     |--------------------------------|
#     | arguments must be keyword      |
#     |--------------------------------|

# QUESTIONS:
# 41. WAP to add numbers using keyword-only args
# 42. WAP to calculate bill using keyword-only args
# 43. WAP to calculate salary using keyword-only args
# 44. WAP to create login form using keyword-only args
# 45. WAP to create bank details using keyword-only args


# =========================================================
# COMBINATION OF (/, *)
# =========================================================

# def function_name(a,b,/,*,c,d):
#     |--------------------------------|
#     | a,b -> positional only         |
#     | c,d -> keyword only            |
#     |--------------------------------|

# QUESTIONS:
# 46. WAP to calculate total marks using / and *
# 47. WAP to create payroll system using / and *
# 48. WAP to create billing system using / and *
# 49. WAP to create bank transaction using / and *
# 50. WAP to create employee report using / and *


# =========================================================
# STRING FUNCTIONS
# =========================================================

# def string_function(s):
#     |--------------------------------|
#     | traverse characters            |
#     | perform string operations      |
#     |--------------------------------|

# QUESTIONS:
# 51. WAP to reverse string using function
# 52. WAP to count vowels using function
# 53. WAP to count consonants using function
# 54. WAP to count digits using function
# 55. WAP to count special characters using function
# 56. WAP to remove spaces using function
# 57. WAP to check palindrome string using function
# 58. WAP to capitalize alternate characters using function
# 59. WAP to count words using function
# 60. WAP to replace vowels using function


# =========================================================
# LIST FUNCTIONS
# =========================================================

# def list_function(lst):
#     |--------------------------------|
#     | traverse list                  |
#     | modify / compare elements      |
#     |--------------------------------|

# QUESTIONS:
# 61. WAP to find largest element using function
# 62. WAP to find smallest element using function
# 63. WAP to reverse list using function
# 64. WAP to remove duplicates using function
# 65. WAP to create squares list using function
# 66. WAP to create cubes list using function
# 67. WAP to count even numbers using function
# 68. WAP to count odd numbers using function
# 69. WAP to rotate list left using function
# 70. WAP to rotate list right using function


# =========================================================
# NUMBER FUNCTIONS
# =========================================================

# def number_function(n):
#     |--------------------------------|
#     | mathematical calculations      |
#     |--------------------------------|

# QUESTIONS:
# 71. WAP to check prime number using function
# 72. WAP to print prime numbers using function
# 73. WAP to print Armstrong numbers using function
# 74. WAP to print palindrome numbers using function
# 75. WAP to print perfect numbers using function
# 76. WAP to print strong numbers using function
# 77. WAP to print Fibonacci series using function
# 78. WAP to find sum of digits using function
# 79. WAP to reverse a number using function
# 80. WAP to count digits using function


# =========================================================
# PATTERN FUNCTIONS
# =========================================================

# def pattern_function(no):
#     |--------------------------------|
#     | outer loop -> rows             |
#     | inner loop -> columns          |
#     |--------------------------------|

# QUESTIONS:
# 81. WAP to print square pattern using function
# 82. WAP to print hollow square using function
# 83. WAP to print triangle pattern using function
# 84. WAP to print reverse triangle using function
# 85. WAP to print pyramid pattern using function
# 86. WAP to print reverse pyramid using function
# 87. WAP to print diamond pattern using function
# 88. WAP to print butterfly pattern using function
# 89. WAP to print X pattern using function
# 90. WAP to print plus pattern using function


# =========================================================
# ALPHABET PATTERN FUNCTIONS
# =========================================================

# FORMULAS:
#
# left line      -> j == 0
# right line     -> j == no-1
# top line       -> i == 0
# middle line    -> i == no//2
# bottom line    -> i == no-1
# diagonal       -> i == j
# opposite diag  -> i+j == no-1

# QUESTIONS:
# 91. WAP to print letter A using function
# 92. WAP to print letter B using function
# 93. WAP to print letter C using function
# 94. WAP to print letter D using function
# 95. WAP to print letter E using function
# 96. WAP to print letter H using function
# 97. WAP to print letter M using function
# 98. WAP to print letter X using function
# 99. WAP to print letter Y using function
# 100. WAP to print your name using star patterns and functions


# =========================================================
# EXTRA FUNCTIONS
# =========================================================

# 101. WAP to create nested functions
# 102. WAP to call inner function from outer function
# 103. WAP to return function from another function
# 104. WAP to pass function as argument
# 105. WAP to create calculator using multiple functions
# 106. WAP to create ATM application using functions
# 107. WAP to create library management using functions
# 108. WAP to create student management system using functions
# 109. WAP to create employee payroll using functions
# 110. WAP to create shopping cart using functions

# =========================================================
# RECURSION
# =========================================================

# def fun(n):
#     |------------------------------|
#     | function calls itself        |
#     |------------------------------|

# 111. WAP to find factorial using recursion
# 112. WAP to print Fibonacci using recursion
# 113. WAP to reverse string using recursion
# 114. WAP to calculate power using recursion
# 115. WAP to find sum of digits using recursion
# 116. WAP to count digits using recursion
# 117. WAP to check palindrome using recursion
# 118. WAP to print numbers from 1 to n using recursion
# 119. WAP to print numbers from n to 1 using recursion
# 120. WAP to find GCD using recursion

# =========================================================
# REAL-TIME FUNCTION PROGRAMS
# =========================================================

# 121. WAP to create login authentication system
# 122. WAP to create signup validation system
# 123. WAP to create password validation function
# 124. WAP to create email validation function
# 125. WAP to create OTP generator function
# 126. WAP to create banking transaction system
# 127. WAP to create billing system
# 128. WAP to create attendance management system
# 129. WAP to create marks card generator
# 130. WAP to create result processing system

# =========================================================
# ADVANCED ARGUMENT COMBINATIONS
# =========================================================

# def fun(a,b,/ , c,d , *args , e,f , **kwargs):
#     |------------------------------|
#     | all argument types together  |
#     |------------------------------|

# 131. WAP using positional + keyword + *args together
# 132. WAP using positional-only + keyword-only together
# 133. WAP using *args and **kwargs together
# 134. WAP to create dynamic calculator using *args
# 135. WAP to create dynamic dictionary using **kwargs
# 136. WAP to create flexible student report system
# 137. WAP to create invoice generator
# 138. WAP to create salary slip generator
# 139. WAP to create online order system
# 140. WAP to create dynamic menu-driven application

# =========================================================
# FUNCTION + PATTERN COMBINATIONS
# =========================================================

# 141. WAP to create star pattern functions
# 142. WAP to create alphabet pattern functions
# 143. WAP to create number pattern functions
# 144. WAP to create hollow pattern functions
# 145. WAP to create diagonal patterns using functions
# 146. WAP to create butterfly pattern using functions
# 147. WAP to create diamond pattern using functions
# 148. WAP to print your name using functions and patterns
# 149. WAP to print INDIA using star patterns
# 150. WAP to print PYTHON using star patterns