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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>paperboy — 3D field guides for hard-to-see systems</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
<meta name="description" content="paperboy is a small collection of interactive three.js/WebGPU field guides that make hard-to-see systems easy to explore in 3D: a GNU/Hurd microkernel tour, and a memory-accounting guide to tensors, float formats, the trip from host RAM to GPU HBM, and the arithmetic intensity that separates memory-bound from compute-bound kernels." />
<link rel="icon" href="favicon.svg" type="image/svg+xml" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/main.css" />
</head>
<body>
<div id="hero-webgl" aria-hidden="true"></div>
<aside id="sidebar">
<div class="brand">
<div class="brand-row">
<a href="#top" class="brand-mark">paperboy</a>
<span class="brand-badge">v0.2</span>
</div>
<span class="brand-tag">3D field guides</span>
</div>
<nav class="side-nav">
<div class="side-group">
<h3>Explore</h3>
<a href="#top">Overview</a>
<a href="#projects">Projects</a>
<a href="#about">About</a>
</div>
<div class="side-group">
<h3>Featured</h3>
<a href="sites/hurd/">GNU / Hurd →</a>
<a href="sites/memory/">Memory accounting →</a>
</div>
<div class="side-group">
<h3>Code</h3>
<a href="https://github.com/Aisuko/paperboy" target="_blank" rel="noopener">GitHub ↗</a>
<a href="LICENSE">License (GPL-3.0)</a>
</div>
<div class="side-group">
<h3>Resources</h3>
<a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">gnu.org/hurd ↗</a>
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Hurd" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Wikipedia ↗</a>
<a href="https://threejs.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">three.js ↗</a>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="side-foot">
<span>© 2026 paperboy</span>
</div>
</aside>
<main id="main">
<div class="topbar">
<div class="crumb">paperboy <span>/</span> field guides</div>
<div class="topbar-links">
<a href="https://github.com/Aisuko/paperboy" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-label="GitHub repository">
<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor"><path d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.01 8.01 0 0 0 16 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"/></svg>
</a>
</div>
</div>
<section id="top" class="hero">
<div class="hero-copy">
<div class="eyebrow">paperboy · interactive systems, in 3D</div>
<h1>Systems are easier to<br /><em>understand</em> than to explain.</h1>
<p class="lede">
paperboy is a small collection of interactive three.js / WebGPU field guides
— built to turn systems that are usually just diagrams and manpages into
something you can orbit, zoom into, and click apart.
</p>
<div class="hero-actions">
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="#projects">Explore the field guides →</a>
<a class="btn btn-ghost" href="#about">Why this exists</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="hero-hint">Drag to orbit the scene · scroll to explore</div>
</section>
<section id="projects" class="projects">
<div class="section-head">
<span class="section-index">01</span>
<h2>Field guides</h2>
<p>Interactive 3D explainers for systems that are usually just diagrams and manpages.</p>
</div>
<div class="gallery-grid">
<a class="gallery-tile gallery-tile--featured" href="sites/hurd/" data-tilt>
<div class="gallery-visual">
<svg class="node-graph" viewBox="0 0 400 260" aria-hidden="true">
<g class="ng-edges" stroke="currentColor" fill="none">
<line x1="200" y1="130" x2="90" y2="60" />
<line x1="200" y1="130" x2="310" y2="55" />
<line x1="200" y1="130" x2="70" y2="180" />
<line x1="200" y1="130" x2="200" y2="220" />
<line x1="200" y1="130" x2="330" y2="190" />
<line x1="90" y1="60" x2="200" y2="30" />
<line x1="310" y1="55" x2="200" y2="30" />
</g>
<g class="ng-nodes">
<circle cx="200" cy="130" r="10" class="ng-core" />
<circle cx="90" cy="60" r="6" />
<circle cx="310" cy="55" r="6" />
<circle cx="70" cy="180" r="6" />
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<circle cx="330" cy="190" r="6" />
<circle cx="200" cy="30" r="5" />
</g>
</svg>
<span class="gallery-badge">live · 3D tour</span>
</div>
<div class="gallery-body">
<div class="gallery-kicker">Microkernel · boot sequence · translators</div>
<h3>GNU / Hurd <span class="arrow">→</span></h3>
<p>
A live system console on the left, the machine it is describing on the
right. Watch the microkernel boot one user-space server at a time, run a
shell command and follow it hop by hop across the servers it touches.
</p>
<div class="gallery-tags">
<span>three.js</span>
<span>WebGL</span>
<span>GNU Mach</span>
</div>
</div>
</a>
<a class="gallery-tile" href="sites/memory/" data-tilt>
<div class="gallery-visual">
<svg class="node-graph" viewBox="0 0 400 260" aria-hidden="true">
<g class="ng-edges" stroke="currentColor" fill="none">
<line x1="35" y1="60" x2="35" y2="110" />
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<line x1="321" y1="60" x2="318" y2="110" />
<line x1="365" y1="60" x2="365" y2="110" />
<line x1="35" y1="110" x2="35" y2="160" />
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<line x1="255" y1="160" x2="288" y2="210" />
</g>
<g class="ng-nodes">
<circle cx="35" cy="60" r="5" class="ng-core" /> <circle cx="57" cy="60" r="5" /> <circle cx="79" cy="60" r="5" /> <circle cx="101" cy="60" r="5" /> <circle cx="123" cy="60" r="5" /> <circle cx="145" cy="60" r="5" /> <circle cx="167" cy="60" r="5" /> <circle cx="189" cy="60" r="5" /> <circle cx="211" cy="60" r="5" /> <circle cx="233" cy="60" r="5" /> <circle cx="255" cy="60" r="5" /> <circle cx="277" cy="60" r="5" /> <circle cx="299" cy="60" r="5" /> <circle cx="321" cy="60" r="5" /> <circle cx="343" cy="60" r="5" /> <circle cx="365" cy="60" r="5" />
<circle cx="35" cy="110" r="5" class="ng-core" /> <circle cx="82" cy="110" r="5" /> <circle cx="129" cy="110" r="5" /> <circle cx="176" cy="110" r="5" /> <circle cx="224" cy="110" r="5" /> <circle cx="271" cy="110" r="5" /> <circle cx="318" cy="110" r="5" /> <circle cx="365" cy="110" r="5" />
<circle cx="35" cy="160" r="5" class="ng-core" /> <circle cx="145" cy="160" r="5" /> <circle cx="255" cy="160" r="5" /> <circle cx="365" cy="160" r="5" />
<circle cx="112" cy="210" r="5" class="ng-core" /> <circle cx="288" cy="210" r="5" />
</g>
</svg>
<span class="gallery-badge">live · 3D tour</span>
</div>
<div class="gallery-body">
<div class="gallery-kicker">Tensors · float formats · PCIe · roofline</div>
<h3>Memory accounting <span class="arrow">→</span></h3>
<p>
What a tensor actually costs: rank, shape and strides on one flat buffer, the
bit layout of float32 through nvfp4, and the trip from host RAM across the bus
into GPU memory, and the arithmetic intensity that decides whether a kernel waits
on the bus or on the tensor cores — every number sized live.
</p>
<div class="gallery-tags">
<span>three.js</span>
<span>WebGPU</span>
<span>roofline</span>
</div>
</div>
</a>
<div class="gallery-tile gallery-tile--soon" data-tilt>
<div class="gallery-visual gallery-visual--soon">
<span class="soon-icon">?</span>
</div>
<div class="gallery-body">
<div class="gallery-kicker">Got a system in mind</div>
<h3>Suggest one</h3>
<p><a href="https://github.com/Aisuko/paperboy/issues" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Open an issue ↗</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="about" class="about">
<div class="section-head">
<span class="section-index">02</span>
<h2>About</h2>
</div>
<p>
I joined the <a href="https://savannah.gnu.org/project/memberlist.php?group=hurd" target="_blank" rel="noopener">GNU Hurd project</a>
back in 2021, and the learning curve was brutal — a multiserver
microkernel, translators, capability-passing ports, decades of mailing-list
history. This repo is the field guide I wish I'd had: an interactive
explainer of the Hurd's microkernel core, built so the next person doesn't
bounce off the learning curve the way I did.
</p>
<p>
It's also a small experiment about AI, authorship, and what "free software"
means once you compare it to how "open" software gets built today.
<a href="https://github.com/Aisuko/paperboy#readme" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Read the full story on GitHub ↗</a>
</p>
</section>
<footer id="foot">
<span>Built with three.js</span>
</footer>
</main>
<a class="fab" href="https://github.com/Aisuko/paperboy" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="14" height="14" fill="currentColor"><path d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.01 8.01 0 0 0 16 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"/></svg>
View source
</a>
<script type="importmap">
{
"imports": {
"three": "./sites/hurd/vendor/three/build/three.module.js"
}
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